Why can't Mexico beat the United States?

The comprehensive strength gap between Mexico and the United States is too great.

After Mexico's independence, various domestic political forces fought against each other, coups or rebellions continued to occur, and the political situation was turbulent for a long time. "Between 182 1- 1850, everything was chaotic. There have been 50 governments in the past 30 years, almost all of which are products of military coups. " From 1824 to 1848, there were about 250 military mutinies, and 3/kloc-0 presidents were replaced, of which only 1 position.

Mexico after independence

In the seven years from 84 1 to 1848, 2 1 presidents were replaced, with an average of 1 times every four months. In this series of coups, the most famous military dictator was Antonio López de Santa Anna. In the 30 years after the founding of the Federal Republic, he relied on military power, used all kinds of cunning and conspiracy means, or fostered puppets, or personally stepped out to manipulate and control the government of the Federal Republic. During the period of 1833- 1855, he became Mexican president or actual dictator six times. After these military dictators came to power, they did not try to stabilize the situation and develop the economy, but used their power to plunder the people's wealth at will and make them miserable. In this turbulent situation, the Mexican government cannot effectively exercise jurisdiction and control over the northern border provinces. In northern California, the Mexican government failed to establish an orderly government, and there is almost no traffic line between Mexico City and Monterrey.

Although Mexico has achieved independence, the backward feudal real estate system still dominates because the land system has not been fundamentally changed. In addition, political turmoil, arbitrary exploitation by dictators, war damage, long-term lag in agricultural development, and extremely limited industrial and mining development. Generally speaking, Mexico's economic development has been very slow since its independence. As a neighboring country, the United States, in the same period, has shown a vigorous economic development trend, and the gap between the two countries' economic strength is also widening. The United States, whose national strength is getting stronger, covets Mexico's resources and land, and begins to infiltrate and provoke constantly, while Mexico, whose national strength is weak, has long been doomed to fail in this contest of aggression and anti-aggression.

The reason for the outbreak of the US-Mexico War is the unresolved border issue between Mexico and Texas and American expansionism. The number of immigrants in the western United States has surged, with 1835 reaching 30,000, as far away as California and New Mexico. Migrants often have disputes with the Mexican government.

1835, the U.S. government instigated Texas slave owners affiliated to Mexico to launch an armed rebellion, and Mexico sent troops to suppress it, killing American troops in Alamo 187. The United States sent troops to defeat the Mexican army, declared Texas "independent" and established the "Republic of Texas". 1836 The disputed border between the newly established Republic of Texas and Mexico after the Texas Revolution. Mexico refused to recognize the independence of Texas, announced that Texas would be reintegrated into its territory, and warned that if the United States intervened, war would break out between the two countries. Texas maintains an independent position, emphasizing that the Rio Grande is its border. Britain tried to mediate the dispute, but failed because Mexico refused to recognize Texas. Texas unilaterally declared its independence and demanded to join the United States. However, due to the domestic slavery problem at that time and to avoid war with Mexico, the United States rejected Texas' application many times, and later accepted Texas' application because of the solution of the problem. On May 23rd, Mexico declared war on the United States.

For Mexico, Texas first joined the United States because the United States intervened in Mexico.

Texas independence situation

Colombia's internal affairs, first, because the United States used it to support a rebellious province, and second, because the United States illegally occupied territory that was neither Texas nor the United States. Mexico has been threatening war for years. Britain has been trying to prevent Mexico, which is stronger than it, from declaring war on the United States, but Britain itself had some serious disputes with the United States in 1844. After some skirmishes broke out between the two countries, Polk ordered Zachary Taylor to lead the army into Texas. Taylor ignored Mexico's request for his withdrawal, crossed the Niuyesi River and marched all the way to the Rio Grande, where he began to build Fort Browne.

1845, the United States announced that it would recognize the Rio Grande River as its border if Texas was willing to join the United States. In the same year, Texas joined the United States and became the 28th state. US President Barack james knox polk realized that if a war broke out between the United States and Mexico, Mexico could not defend its distant northern provinces of New Mexico and California, which was exactly in line with the expansion theory of "destiny" of the Democratic Party of the United States, and declared that "our destiny right extends to the whole continent". On the contrary, American Whigs strongly opposed the territorial expansion of the United States and the war against Mexico.

declare war

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James Knox Polk

The war officially broke out on the 24th. Mexican cavalry attacked and captured an American army near the Rio Grande. After the conflict broke out, Polk called for a declaration of war. He declared that Mexico "invaded our border and spilled American blood on American territory" to arouse the feelings of the American people.

The United States Congress passed a declaration of war on Mexico. The North and Whigs of the United States are basically opposed to this war, while the South and the Democratic Party are in favor of this war.

At the beginning of the war

At the beginning of the war, the two warring sides had a military advantage over the Mexican army, with 32 thousand men, but they lacked training, lax discipline, insufficient equipment and low command level of officers. (Because fighting in Mexico, Mexico is familiar with the terrain and has high mobility. There are 8,600 regular troops in the United States, and from June to June to 65438+February, volunteers were recruited as the main source of troops. During the war, the total strength of the US Army reached 3 1000, and the total number of naval and army combat teams reached 1004. The disadvantages of the United States are imperfect transportation and communication, insufficient sanitation facilities, and the death rate of soldiers due to illness is as high as 10%. As a Whig general, Zachary Taylor was at odds with the Commander-in-Chief, Winsfield Scott, and had a tense relationship with the Democratic President and his cabinet. )

Politically, Mexico's national strength is declining and its leadership is incompetent. The United States, on the other hand, is in the heyday of mainland expansion and westward advancement, and modern industrialization has made great progress. However, around the restriction and expansion of slavery, there are obvious differences between the north and the south in their attitudes towards war. At the beginning of the war, the war department had not made a military plan. During the war, the strategic deployment was gradually improved. )

The United States has an absolute advantage over Mexico in strength. The United States has a developed economy, well-trained and well-equipped troops, advanced front rifles and cannons, and the navy controls the sea power. Mexico is a backward agricultural country with a population of 7 million, most of whom are Indians. The country has only 32,000 soldiers, almost no navy, poor equipment and lack of training and discipline.

After the United States declared war on Mexico, the American army invaded Mexico in three ways, and Colonel stephen kearny was ordered to command the western troops and expedition to New Mexico and California. John Slote's fleet commander was ordered to attack the Pacific coast from the sea; General Zachary Taylor commanded the main force of the American army to fight with the main force of the Mexican army in northern Mexico, and directly occupied the Mexican capital.