/kloc-what about China in the eyes of westerners in the 20th century?

1, Blame Taiping Army (Luo Xiaoquan: North China News,1February 8, 862) ... Hong Xiuquan's religious tolerance and various forms of free churches are just a farce. ..... It is just a machine to publicize and spread its politics and religion. That is, he is equivalent to Jesus Christ, forming a father-son relationship with the Lord God and establishing a Lord above all beings! 2. The Cat's Clock (Gubocha: Imperial China, Volume II, Page 3 15-3 16) The pupil of the cat's eye shrinks rapidly near noon 12. It is 12 noon when it shrinks into a hairline and passes through the eyes vertically. 3. Special paper (justus doolittle: Social Life of China People, Volume 2, page 168- 169) "letted-paper Society", with members ranging from 10 to 100 or even more, its main purpose is generally speaking, Each organization employs one or more employees. They walk the streets and collect any writing paper that falls on the ground or sticks on the wall of a house or shop. Some people collect used waste paper, old books/advertisements and sell them to the leaders or agents of these organizations, often for only half a cent or less per pound ... Paper ashes are carefully put into crocks, kept to a certain amount, then poured into baskets and marched to the river, where they are either poured into the river and floated downstream into the sea, or loaded into boats and walked along the river for several miles. ..... When this ceremony is held, a group of trumpeters will be hired, and they will follow the team and blow across the street. Each member of the organization held a big incense that had already been lit, put it on his chest and respectfully stepped forward. At that time, people's attitude towards written paper was just like that of some illiterate people in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and there was a kind of treasure, which inherited the spirit of our ancestors. The preciousness of words may come from the difficulty of obtaining paper, that is, the difficulty of literacy. In fact, this behavior of ancient people burning paper is very similar to the function of modern shredders. Ancient people burned paper to protect their privacy. This shows that China people respect the written word. 4/ Women's Social Status in China (Gubocha: Chinese Empire, Volume 1, Page 248-25 1) "The situation of women in China is the worst. Suffering/suffering/discrimination, all kinds of suffering and condemnation are relentlessly accompanying her from cradle to grave. As soon as she was born, she was considered a disgrace to the family. ..... If she hadn't been drowned immediately ... she would have been regarded as a humble animal, hardly as a human being ... This open and hidden slavery of women-slavery branded with triple marks of concept/legislation and code of conduct-has become the foundation of China society to some extent. The young girl is confined to the house where she was born and can only do housework. She is regarded as a handmaiden by everyone, especially her brother, and has the right to ask her to do the meanest and hardest things. She knew nothing about the happiness and happiness of her time; All the education I received was learning how to thread a needle; She neither reads nor writes; For her, there is neither school education nor family education; She is completely ignored like a plant, no one will think of her, and no one will worry about her until the age of marriage comes. No, his concept of insignificance is so ingrained that a woman is still worthless at the most important and critical moment of life; It is considered most unnecessary and absurd to discuss or tell her her husband's name in any way. Young girls are just a transaction, a commodity waiting for the price. ..... A newly married young woman in makeup is just a sacrifice. Young/fragile/inexperienced, she was thrown into a group of complete strangers, suffering and discrimination, and was dominated by buyers. In her new home, she will bow to everyone without exception: she can't eat at the same table as her husband; She can't even eat with her son: her duty is to serve them, stand still at the table, pour them wine and decorate their pipes. She must eat quietly in the corner alone after everyone has finished eating; The food is so rough that even her son's leftovers dare not move. " Much like most oriental women. Nowadays, the status of women has improved a little. What great progress this is! 5/ Dyeing green tea (Fu Jun: A trip to China tea country, pages 92-94) I have published many European and American views on dyeing green tea before. Next, I will make a "comprehensive and detailed description" of the whole dyeing process of green tea exported from Huzhou rural areas. Because I recorded the whole process at that time in detail in my diary, I extracted it from it: "The supervisor personally mixed the colors. First put indigo in a porcelain bowl like a chemist's mortar and grind it into fine powder. At the same time, a certain amount of gypsum is burned in the charcoal of fried tea. ..... After the gypsum is burned to a certain degree, it is taken out of the fire and put into a porcelain bowl to break the ice and ground into fine powder. Mix gypsum and indigo in a ratio of four to three ... "Sprinkle this dye on the tea in the last step of frying tea. Five minutes before the tea leaves are taken out of the pot-it takes time to light a stick of incense-the supervisor applies dye to each pot of tea with a small porcelain spoon. Tea-frying workers quickly turn the tea leaves by hand so as to dye them evenly. "In this operation, the workers' hands turned blue. I can't help thinking that if there were people drinking green tea at that time, their appetite would not change, and if I dare to say so, their appetite would be greatly expanded. It is absolutely ridiculous that a civilized nation prefers to drink dyed tea instead of natural tea. No wonder people in China think westerners are "barbaric" people. "One day, an English gentleman in Shanghai chatted with some people from the tea country and asked them why they dyed green tea. ..... They admit that tea tastes better without any additives, and they never drink dyed tea themselves, just because foreigners seem to like to add a mixture of indigo and gypsum to tea to make it harmonious, bright and beautiful. Because these things are very cheap, China people have no reason to object to this practice. What's more, the price of this tea is higher! " I worked hard to figure out the exact amount of pigment added in the dyeing process ... People who drink green tea in Britain, especially in the United States, show how much indigo and gypsum they drink every year. 14 1 kg of tea plus 8' mace' 2 and 1 '(candareens' color dyes! However, if these people who drink dyed green tea are told that China people eat cats, dogs and mice, they will be dumbfounded and feel sorry for the poor people in China! "Food safety is a matter of life. Foreigners prefer dyed green tea, just as some people in China like foreign garbage. A bear's paw is B's arsenic, but as for food additives, my opinion is that if it is harmless to people's health, it can add delicious food, so why not? Everything is on the premise of harmlessness. On the one hand, I admire the business acumen of our ancestors. . . 6/ Immigrants around Fuzhou (Guo: China Coastal Sanfan Diary, page 165- 167) "All areas under the jurisdiction of Fuzhou government ... have sent a large number of immigrants, who tirelessly maintain a simple life in foreign countries. They leave the rest of their hard-earned money to their relatives who are seriously ill every year. It is amazing how hard they worked to get this meager salary and send it home. An honest and reliable worker was ordered to collect the money sent home by every immigrant and bring it back to his family. The amount of money has been officially recorded, and of course, the express delivery must be paid according to a certain proportion ... As soon as the ship docked, he was warmly welcomed by all the people in his hometown who expected the arrival of money. The amount of money sent back is very large, and some ships bring back more than 60 thousand dollars. Immigrating to a foreign country, the conditions are extremely difficult, there is no clothes to wear, and there is no money to maintain a day's life. Sometimes they can't afford the travel expenses ($6 or 12), so they become indentured slaves of anyone who pays their travel expenses, or become prisoners of robbers and serve them for more than a year. They sat on a crowded sailboat, which reminded people of slaves in Africa. People crowded on the deck and suffered from the wind and rain. There is no cover on the ship because the cabin is full of goods. Their food is only dry rice and some fresh water; If the distance is particularly long, it is often not enough. Many people actually starve to death. "Fuzhou is a city with many overseas Chinese, and people around Fuzhou are indispensable in every corner of the world. In the last century, when it was not so convenient for China to leave the country today, many people around Fuzhou took the above-mentioned smuggling method to make a living abroad. Fuzhou and its surrounding cities belong to the hilly terrain near the sea, with less land and more people. The land is mostly red soil with high acidity/poor fertility. Because fishing at sea can't completely fill a family's stomach, going abroad has become the most effective way for a family to get rich. In general families, it is the father or son/husband who goes abroad illegally. The difference between smuggling and19th century is that people who arrange smuggling should be paid a sum of money (ranging from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands). Since it is impossible for the family to pay such a large sum of money, they often borrow money from local usurers. In the process of smuggling, the conditions are very difficult. /kloc-in the 0 th and 9 th centuries, the cabin was filled with goods, so people were exposed to the sun on the deck. But in the last century, the control of illegal immigrants in western countries was very strict, and illegal immigrants could only hide in the compartments of warehouses loaded with goods to avoid being opened for inspection. The carriage is not only crowded, but also airtight, where you can eat, drink and sleep. Only in the middle of the night can they get on the deck. It will take several months to reach the other side of the ocean. Some people will die on the road during this period for physical reasons. Someone was dying, and the snakehead hid the remaining illegal immigrants to avoid inspection and threw them into the sea. I don't think many of them survived, most of them were buried in the belly of the fish. After going abroad, some people can find people smuggled out of the same village to help them find jobs, while those who break into the world alone can only grope in the dark and get up by themselves after falling. As a stranger, there must be a lot to eat. At this time, persistence and fear of hardship are the only things you can rely on. For the family at home, for all the hardships on the road, we can only persist. Because there is no legal status, illegal immigrants can only do black jobs, with low wages and poor living environment. The most important thing is not to get sick. Medical expenses are too expensive to see a doctor. In addition to solving the language problem, we should also find fellow villagers or Chinese as soon as possible. Illegal immigrants who come out to make a living together naturally have more mutual appreciation and care. Work hard, be a man with his head between his legs, and try to save money and send it to relatives in his hometown. After struggling abroad for several years, progressive people may open their own restaurants in China Street, and ordinary people may have their own lives abroad. After paying back the money at home, I plan to let more people in my family come overseas when the economic situation at home improves. This is one of the reasons why there are so many overseas Chinese around Fuzhou. The famous Xiamen University in Fujian was founded by Chen Jiageng, an overseas Chinese. He used to be the rubber king of Southeast Asia, and he had a pure heart for his native land. Hometown people should not lose their lives on the high-risk smuggling road again. Change destiny with knowledge. Although today's smuggling phenomenon has not been completely eliminated, smuggling purely for the purpose of going abroad to make a living has been reduced a lot. Appropriate labor export is also a way. People around Fuzhou are creating wealth on the land of the motherland with their hardworking hands!