Prehistoric history of Scottish history

Evidence that Scotland is inhabited can be traced back to at least 8500 BC. In the Bronze and Iron Age, Celtic culture was the main influence in this area, but there was no large-scale immigration or invasion. According to the records of the Roman Empire hundreds of years later, Scotland may have had many tribes and even very small kingdoms after 700 BC.

Beginning in 43 AD, the Roman Empire formally invaded and occupied the island of Great Britain, suppressed the rebellion in the southern part of the island, and established the province "Britannia" in some parts of today's England. In the northern part of the island, the Romans met the resistance of the local people and named this place Caledonia. This name is still one of the nicknames of Scotland. The local residents, also known as Picts, are mainly Celts.

The unorganized resistance of Caledonian tribes is no match for the professional regular army of the Roman Empire. Roman troops marched around 80 A.D. and reached the Tay River valley in central Scotland. Their navy completed the exploration of the northern coastline of the island of Great Britain farther north and confirmed that it was an island.

Island.

However, although the Roman Empire could easily conquer many areas of "Caledonia", it could not occupy such remote areas for a long time. Many leaders of Britannia tried to set up strongholds and defensive facilities in different places, such as the Great Wall of antonin, but they were eventually abandoned. The relatively fixed northern border of Roman Britannia lies in Hadrian's Great Wall, which lies on the line between Newcastle and Carlisle in the northern English cities today.

The occupation of Great Britain by the Roman Empire not only made the present Scottish region known to European civilization, but also made different cultures and residents begin to flood into the region. There are mainly Anglo-Saxons in the southern part of the former Great Britain Island and Celtic Gaelic Scots (Scoti or Scotti) in Ireland Island. Hundreds of years later, the word Scott was wrongly used to represent Scotland in English.

When Christianity spread in European civilization, it also spread to Scotland today.