Ethan immigrants

In the last article, we mentioned that although the warring parties in World War II were divided into two camps and given the distinction of "good and evil", the essence of this war has not changed, and it is still a struggle for interests among world powers. Just after the end of World War II, established powers such as Britain and France tried to consolidate their traditional spheres of influence and try to cover up the fact that their national strength was declining. "nouveau riche" like the United States and the Soviet Union tried their best to intervene in these areas, aiming to spread their influence to every corner of the earth. In this round of confrontation between the old and the new, a wonderful, abrupt but inevitable game was staged. 1947 February 18, British foreign secretary Ernest ernest bevin announced that the fierce Palestinian issue would be handed over to the United Nations. Seeing that * * * countries and Jews are at loggerheads in this palm-sized place, Britain, whose national strength is seriously declining, said that there is really nothing it can do. Before that, the British authorities had done their best. On July 3 1946 and 3 1 day, a plan called "Morrison Grady Plan" was thrown out, which suggested that the Palestinian area should be divided into four parts, namely, an autonomous province, a Jewish autonomous province and two British provinces, which was opposed by all parties. 1947 65438+1On October 27th, the British Foreign Office put forward another plan: to achieve ayutthaya autonomy within five years and make it an independent country after five years. Until then, Britain will continue its mandated rule. This much bigger plan is still rejected. As a veteran hegemon in the Middle East, the Palestinian issue was finally thrown to the United Nations, which seems to be a helpless move for Britain's national strength and influence to decline. However, what really bothers the British is not the country and the Jews, but the Soviet Union and the United States. Speaking of it, Britain actually played this game with the purpose of "delaying troops", but it was countered by the Soviet Union and the United States. Especially the Soviet Union, plays a very special role in this issue. For Jews, Russia and the Soviet Union are not good masters. There is a strong tradition of anti-Semitism in this land. Until the first half of Stalin's era, Jews and their Zionism were still regarded as dangerous enemies by the authorities. After the establishment of the Soviet regime, the Jewish way was included in the category of fundamental ideological opposition-Judaism took the "state" as its ultimate goal, while Marxism–Leninism believed that the state was only a transitional stage in the development process, and when the society developed to a certain stage, the state had no meaning of existence. In addition, Jews are all over the world, and their composition is complex, but they always repeat the word "nation"; Stalin once defined this concept as follows: "A nation is a stable isomorphic body with the same language, the same region, the same economic life and the same cultural and psychological quality." From this perspective, what kind of people are Jews? There are many Jews in Russia, and Lenin and Stalin both believe that the so-called Jewish problem is only the product of class contradictions and oppression. Jews clamor for "national consciousness" and "establishing a Jewish state" all day, but they are actually exaggerating the problem. Therefore, before the outbreak of World War II, the Soviet Union's means of dealing with the Jewish problem had been simple and rude-assimilating them, but Moscow's response to those sharp claims was very official, especially in the early days of the establishment of the Soviet regime. In order to unite all forces that can be United, the authorities constantly comforted Jews: "Anti-Semitism, as a phenomenon that is strongly hostile to the Soviet system, will be severely criticized and punished." "The Soviet Union has always hoped that things can roll with the punches and roll with the punches, but there are always people watching and thinking that things are not too big, and they have to find a way to pry open the starting point so as to fish in troubled waters. 1917 In February, Duke Arthur James Balfour, then British Foreign Secretary, published the famous Balfour Declaration, which found a home for the "kindness" of European Jews. Since then, tens of thousands of Jews have flooded into Palestinian areas. After the end of World War I, Britain has trained a large number of "interest spokesmen" within its sphere of influence, who have made great contributions to the Soviet regime. In return, the British authorities allowed Jews to "do whatever they want" in the region, and for a time, "Zionism" was rampant. On the contrary, the relationship between the Soviet Union and Judah deteriorated rapidly. By the end of Lenin's era, the Soviet Union directly characterized Zionism as "counter-revolution", and the participants would be arrested on the charge of "British spy". Countries like the Soviet Union are heavily guarded. Take drugs as an example. Drug control is a headache for all countries in the world, and the problem that has been repeatedly banned has actually been solved. In contrast, Jewish complaints seem to be nothing at all. If there is no accident, it is not difficult to imagine that the British want to use the Jews to pry the foundation of the Soviet regime, which is simply throwing eggs at stones. However, the drama of history is amazing, and at this juncture, World War II broke out. From 1939 to 1940, the Soviet Union ate eastern Poland, Bissarabia, northern Bukovina and the Baltic countries, and about 2 million Jews became refugees. In order to allow more Jews to flee to Palestine, Weizmann, the leader of the world Zionist movement, even demanded that hundreds of thousands of people in the region be removed. " Take them to Iraq and Jordan. "After the outbreak of World War II, the Soviet army collapsed, a large area of land fell, and the situation was in jeopardy. In this situation, Moscow had to consider using all available resources and strength, and the Jews hated by the authorities instantly became a hot potato. As the saying goes, the enemy of my enemy is my friend. This is particularly evident in the change of Soviet-Jewish relations at this stage. 194 1 At the end of the year, the Soviet Union established the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee. The former loudly condemned the crimes of Germans persecuting Jews all over the world and suddenly became "good friends" of Jews. Although this operation seems clumsy, the effect is outstanding: the Soviet Union provided shelter for Jews, in return, Jews from all over the world provided funds and various resources to the Soviet Union, and they even influenced the decision of the United States to assist the Soviet Union. In the battle of Moscow, the Soviet Union entered the honeymoon period, and the relationship between the two sides quickly warmed up, and the asking price and quotation between them also increased. Ivan Maiski, the Soviet ambassador to Britain, once said to Zionist leader David Ben Gurion, "If you can let Americans know about our situation and continue to help us, it will be our greatest support. We need a lot of tanks, cannons and planes. The Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee seems to be nothing more than the product of interests under the influence of special historical background. In fact, the fate of the Jews has been rewritten since then. After World War II, the Soviets fundamentally rewritten their position on the Jewish issue. With the approval of the Soviet authorities, a large number of Jews were able to return to Poland and other countries. But under the influence of Germany, Poland also became unpopular with Jews; Anti-Semitic incidents in Poland are becoming more and more frequent, and hundreds of thousands of Poles have to leave Poland and choose another place to stay. At that point in time, Britain was still the nominal hegemon in the Middle East, and the United States did not even have a base along the Mediterranean coast, nor did it have a reasonable excuse to open a stronghold; Britain sees this treasure land as watertight, and when Americans are at a loss, it is this that allows them to see the opportunity to intervene. On August 3rd1945 and 3rd1,US President Truman asked British Prime Minister Clement Richard Attlee to immediately issue another 65,438+million immigration permit to allow European Jews to immigrate to Palestinian areas. After some investigation, the British authorities came to the conclusion that the Arab and Jewish sides are in a hostile state and it is obviously unrealistic to establish a Jewish state; Therefore, it is reasonable to issue 654.38 million immigration permits and cancel the restrictions on Jewish land purchase, but it is also necessary to continue the British mandate. On the surface, the first American plan to settle in the Middle East was successful. In fact, Britain takes this opportunity to emphasize its position in the Middle East. Just as the United States and Britain were fighting each other for this, the Soviet Union also took the opportunity to share a piece of it. As we said at the beginning of the article, since September 1946, many suggestions put forward by the British Foreign Office have been rejected one by one. Both the country and the Jews want to take most of the benefits for themselves, and all proposals that are conducive to Britain's hegemony in the Middle East will be opposed by the United States and the Soviet Union. Britain has not really decided to throw the problem at the United Nations. 1946, Britain also signed a treaty with Jordan, leaving itself a way out. According to experts' analysis, Britain believes that the Palestinian issue cannot be solved quickly at the United Nations. After all, there are too many forces involved behind it, and it can be counted day by day. British colonial minister Kreiger Jones even said directly: "The British have no intention of giving up the mandate at all. However, the influence exerted by the Soviet bloc surprised Britain. There will never be permanent enemies in politics, only permanent interests. Both the United States and the Soviet Union wanted to end British hegemony in the Middle East, so they reached a subtle tacit understanding: 1947, 14. In May, Andrei andreyevich gromyko, the permanent representative of the Soviet Union to the United Nations, made a famous speech at the special meeting on Palestine held by the United Nations, which greatly promoted the Zionist movement. 1On October 29th, the Soviet bloc voted for the partition plan of Palestine. The United States followed suit and even forced France to "betray" its die-hard ally Britain. It is worth mentioning that after the partition plan was passed, Egypt, Iraq, Syria and other countries expressed strong * * * *, and they declared at the subsequent * * * alliance meeting: "The people of * * * are determined to oppose the United Nations resolution to split Palestine and will fight to the final victory according to the will of * * *." -This laid a footnote for the later Middle East war. On the day the resolution was passed, violent clashes broke out between Jews in the Palestinian area, and the situation was in chaos. * * * The country even took the opportunity to send irregular armed forces to stir up trouble and put pressure on the United States. Under the influence of a series of factors, the United States once hesitated. As a matter of fact, Americans know very well that although the partition plan can end Britain's hegemony in the Middle East, it has provided convenience for the Soviet Union. In contrast, the Soviet Union is a more powerful opponent. The U.S. military also analyzed that once the Soviet troops settled in the Middle East, Soviet spies and troops would take action, on the one hand, trying to overthrow the local * * to establish the Soviet regime, on the other hand, the Soviet troops would use violent means to establish and consolidate their own interest system. 1948, 19 In March, the United States suggested to the Security Council: "In view of the deterioration of the situation in Palestine, the United States believes that the United Nations Trusteeship Council should temporarily administer Palestine to maintain peace." This sentence is grandiose. In fact, before the next round of interest struggle, the United States has realized cowardice. In contrast, the Soviet Union has been unswervingly supporting the Jewish people's founding, one after another, which is more "reliable" between the United States and the Soviet Union is self-evident. Interestingly, the repeated performance of the United States angered the Jewish terrorist organization Ilgon, which even declared: "If the United States sends troops to Palestine to achieve trusteeship, we will fight it to the death. "1948 14 At 4 o'clock in May, the Jewish National Committee officially announced the founding of the country in Tel Aviv Museum; The next day, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Jewish state called "Israel" respectfully sent a telegram to the Soviet authorities, asking the other side to recognize Israel and set up a legation "to establish a long-term and profound friendship". In contrast, the United States, which had previously been timid on this issue, was extremely active-David Ben-Gurion read out Israel's declaration of independence 1 1 minute later, Washington announced that it actually recognized Israel temporarily.