Japan succeeded in attacking Pearl Harbor. Why doesn't it go to Hawaii?

194 1 year 12.08 am10.30 (local time 12.7), Japan's United Fleet 138 fighters and torpedo bombers took off from six aircraft carriers. 15 minutes later, the first attack fleet was formed.

At 7: 49, the commander of the first attack fleet, Mixiong Tomita, issued a signal of "Sudden, Sudden, Sudden", and various Japanese planes pounced on the US fleet and the airport on Pearl Harbor Island and launched a fierce attack. Black smoke billowed from airports in Ford Island, Hikem and Wheeler in Pearl Harbor. Then, the second wave 167 Japanese bombers joined the battle.

Shortly after the first wave of attacks began, Hirota sent a telegram to Lieutenant General Nan Yunzhong, commander of the assault formation, saying that the attack was successful, and Isoroku Yamamoto, Tokyo Admiralty and the Japanese base camp all received this unusual "good news".

In this sneak attack, the US military suffered heavy losses: four of the eight battleships were sunk, 1 ran aground on the way to escape, and the other three were seriously damaged. Six cruisers and three destroyers were injured, 188 aircraft were destroyed and 155 aircraft were injured. 2,403 Americans were killed and 1299 were injured. The Japanese army lost only 55 planes, with about 65,438+000 casualties, including 55 pilots.

In the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japan did its best to calculate:

1, calculate the time. The time was chosen on February 8, 65438, because it was a Sunday in Hawaii (65438+February 7), which was the rest day of the US military. The US fleet returned to Pearl Harbor from the ocean training area for a rest on weekends, so the precautions were relaxed. It was chosen in the early hours of the morning because the US military was sleeping.

2. Coordinated calculation. On February 8, 65438, while attacking Pearl Harbor, the Japanese army attacked Hong Kong and landed in Malaysia in order to "cooperate with each other" and achieve "maximum action effect".

3. Diplomatic calculation. In order to paralyze the United States, the Japanese government instructed the ambassador to the United States, Kojiro Nomura, to deal with the United States and terminate the negotiations without leaving any impression on the United States. 194 1 In the spring of, Yoshizaburo Nomura, who was appointed as the ambassador to the United States, was a friend of President Roosevelt of the United States and has always been famous for advocating goodwill between Japan and the United States. Japan used this man to play the role of "peace messenger" with the purpose of deceiving the United States. Before the war, the Japanese sent a special envoy to Saburo to negotiate with the United States. 165438+1On October 26th, the United States presented the Hull Memorandum to Japan. On this day, the Japanese fleet that attacked Pearl Harbor has sailed from the dizzying single crown bay on the island to Pearl Harbor, 10 sailed for 3,400 nautical miles and quietly approached Pearl Harbor.

3. The spy's calculation. Japan's plan to attack Pearl Harbor has been made. 194 1 Since May, more than 200 spies have been sent to Hawaii, disguised as travelers, journalists and businessmen, to provide information for the Japanese attack. Among them, Masataro Morimura, who was deliberately placed in the Japanese Consulate General in Hawaii as the foreign secretary, stole a lot of top secret information for the sneak attack.

4. Calculation of route. The six aircraft carriers, dozens of battleships, cruisers and oil supply ships of Japan's joint fleet did not sail directly eastward to Pearl Harbor, but diverted, bypassing Chang 'an Port in the north and quietly assembled, giving people the illusion. In order to avoid the reconnaissance of US patrol aircraft, we chose to sail in the sea between Aleutian Islands and Midway Island. Worried about encountering American patrol submarines, the Japanese fleet implemented 24-hour vigilance measures against submarines; In order to avoid revealing secrets when meeting merchant ships from other countries, three submarines were sent to search ahead in front of the brigade, and in case of any situation, the course was changed from a large angle.

5. Calculation of public opinion. In Tokyo, Japanese marines stationed in Yokosuga were given a holiday to visit downtown Tokyo from June 5438 to early February. What people see is the lightness and care of the ceremony, and it is hard to think that the mobile troops rushed to Pearl Harbor. Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese newspapers published official news, saying that "Japan will never give up hope for peace and try its best to adjust Japan-US relations", fooling the Japanese people internally and confusing the United States externally.