Qu Yuan's hometown is Canggang Town.

First, there are many historical documents.

Hanshou, called Longyang in ancient times, is the hub of ancient water transportation in the morning sun boundary of Jingzhou 1 domain. GuChu has seven ze, "cloud dream. It's a jersey. According to the History of Great Unity, "Changde House, the land of Jingzhou, was inhabited by barbarians in Shang and Zhou Dynasties", and according to the Biography of Yaer written by Guo Pu in Jin Dynasty, "the southeast of Washington and the northeast of Longyang, including Baqiu Lake, are all" the cloud dreams of Nantuo ". It can be seen that Hanshou area is called "Cloud Dream" in the south extension of ancient Jingzhou, and Qu said: "Dream of Jiangnan".

Zhao Gong recorded in the 12th year of Zuo Zhuan: "In the past, my ancestor Xiong Yi was founded in Jingshan Road, with green roads and wading through mountains and rivers. It can be seen that the Yangtze River basin was first reclaimed by Chu people. According to Records of the Historian Chu Family, the Zhou royal family was asked to respect Chu and make him a vassal, but the Zhou royal family refused, so Xiong Tong said angrily, "I don't respect the king." "It is self-reliance. After forming an alliance with the Sui Congress, he left, and in 3 7, Chu Wuwang "began to own it". In this way, Dipu became the granary, transportation center, military stronghold and reliable rear of Chu State. This is an important measure taken by King Wu. At that time, the prince of Wu had a son named Liu, who also settled in the army. Qu Xian entered the Spring and Autumn Period of Zuo Zhuan as Mo Ao after the King of Wu opened the land, indicating that Qu Xian was "wronged as a guest because he thought he was a surname" and it was the time to open the land. According to the practice of Chu State, it is completely reasonable for King Wu to seal Qu's "land for reclamation". At the same time, the rhyme of "Qu" and "Pu" can also be regarded as the overlapping rhyme of "Qu" and "Pu", that is to say, the place where Qu's defect is caused is the place where the King of Chu opened Pu. This further shows that Qu Chu refers to the Dongting area at that time.

Wang Yi of the Han Dynasty said in Chapters and Sentences of Chu Ci that Qu Yuan's ancestors were "wronged as guests because they thought their surnames". In other words, Qu Yuan's Qu family is a "Qu" area closed by Qu Yuan's defects. We need to know this problem deeply, and we also need to know the position of Chu Qu. In Zuozhuan, there are two "bends": one is the bend of Jin, which is famous for producing famous horses, and the other is the bend of Chu. "Twenty-five Years of Zuo Gong" contains: "Zi Chu has bent the distant cities and states, which is hard to accept. Here, "Zi Chu" refers to King Chu Ping, and "Zhouqu" obviously refers to the "Qu" area of Chu, that is, Dongting area.

Qianlong's "Yueyang County Records" contains: "Linxiang County is as ancient as a city. According to the county records, Chu Zicheng is just like one person, that's all. " The "man" mentioned here is the "eggplant man" mentioned in Zuo Zhuan. This record of Chu's "Zhouqu" status is credible. According to the Book of Chu Family, King Chu Ping was attacked by the State of Wu two years before "the city was captured by the State of Chu". Therefore, the "polis bend" should be strategically located not far from "Cheng Ying" to prevent Wu Jun from attacking. The "Linxiang" mentioned here is in Dongting area, which is what Qu Yuan said. This area is a strategic area for the development of key immigrants in the Spring and Autumn Period of Chu recorded in history. King Chu Wen moved Luo people to Miluo and Miluo people to Miluo. King Chu Ping's "city-state bend" is the continuation of this strategic policy of immigration development, and it should of course be in this area. In addition, in his later years, Qu Yuan's "Birds Against Hometown, Foxes Will Die in the First Hill", "Tuoba Xian's Residence" and "Zishen Mountain Gully" are all located in the area where King Chu Wen moved to Luo, less than 5 0 kilometers away from Meicheng, which was moved to a dense place, and less than 1000 kilometers away from Linxiang, a city and state bend of King Chu Ping. The poet calls this area "hometown" and "harmony".

According to justice: "Pu is in the southwest of Chu", Liu Bozhuang noted: "Pu is in the southwest of Chu", and Tu Yu-ri said: "There is Puyi in the south of Jianning County (Yichang and Zhijiang)." Ci Yuan specifically explained that Dipu was located in the Lishui River Basin in the northwest of Hunan. This has shown that it is Hanshou, because only Hanshou has two rivers passing at the same time.

Second, there are many underground cultural relics to prove.

At least 1 8 0 0 Chu tombs were found in Hanshou. So many tombs show that Hanshou is an important family settlement of Chu. At the same time, a large number of Chu cultural relics were discovered and excavated during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, among which a rare and precious son of bronze Ge was unearthed. The above "King Wu" should be Chu Wuwang, not Qin Wuwang, because Chu Wuwang was called "King Wu" when he was alive, and posthumous title after Qin Wuwang's death, so it can't be taught by the dead. "Zi" and "heavy" are interlinked, meaning "significant", and "supervision" means commander-in-chief and supervision. This is "the commander-in-chief of the king of Wu", which means the commander-in-chief of the army of the king of Chu. It can be seen that this "Children Commander of King Wu" is the "sword on the side" awarded by Chu Wuwang to his army commander, and is the authority to exercise supreme power in this area on behalf of King Wu. Chu Wuwang was the first official king of Chu and also the king who brought Chu into the Spring and Autumn Period. We made a comprehensive investigation of this bronze cave with 65,438+0,800 Chu tombs around it, and found that this man who was named as "the commander-in-chief of children" in Hanshou area must be an important member of the royal family, the commander-in-chief of the army and the hero of opening up. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Hanshou area was the fief of this "Prince Wu's Children's Commander-in-Chief", and the family ancestors who lived here were this "Prince Wu's Children's Commander-in-Chief". According to Professor Huang Lusheng's textual research, this figure who was named "Prince Wu" was Qu Xian, the ancestor of Qu Yuan. According to the royal system of the pre-Qin Dynasty, the children's song of the prince of Wu was a veritable sword on the side, which was undoubtedly a certificate and symbol of power and meritorious service for Qu Xian. For the descendants of Qu Xian, this "weapon of the former king" is undoubtedly the amulet of the family in the ancestral temple and the foundation of the family's position in the Chu royal family. It has undoubtedly played a role in stabilizing and safeguarding the royal family in the process of constantly redistributing power and wealth. Therefore, the bronze statue Ge of Zi Du was unearthed in Hanshou, which is not only another evidence of Zhuangzi's "seal", but also a proof of the "aggrieved" center of Hanshou area and Qu family during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and a powerful evidence of Hanshou in Qu Yuan's hometown.

In addition, in recent years, the bronze official seal "Afraid of Household Seal" (that is, the seal of the capital of Chu) was unearthed from the Chu Tomb in Hanshou. According to experts' research, it may be that the consul in charge of this seal escaped from the fall of the capital of Chu and brought it back to his hometown. This man is an important member of Qu Yuan's family. It is said that he is a general who defected from Qu Gai, Shang and Qu. Why was this seal unearthed in Hanshou? This is mainly because Hanshou was the fief of the famous Qu family in Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and now it is the Dongting Plain centered on Hanshou. No matter who they are, they are all representatives of the Qu family. According to the Chu Law, the commander-in-chief of the Chu army will "die physically" when he is defeated, that is, he will either die in battle or commit suicide, such as bending over to the enemy and bending over his family to commit suicide, and bending over the beggar's death. Another example is the suicides of Xiang Yan and Xiang Yu, and so on. On this basis, in the twenty-first year of King Xiang of Chu (2 7 8 BC), he invaded the capital of Ying, and as the main commander of the city of Chu, Qu was very likely to die or commit suicide. Therefore, the "fear of household seal" should be a relic after Qu's death. The excavation of Hanshou shows that Hanshou is Qu's hometown, and "Jiangnan" centered on Hanshou is Qu's fief in Chu in the pre-Qin period. Therefore, this further proves that Hanshou is not only the hometown of Qu Yuan, but also the hometown of Qu Yuan.

At the same time, among the 3 2 ancient tombs excavated in Niejiaqiao Township, an extra-large tomb in the Warring States period was also found, with a south-north direction and a nanmu coffin lid, which was extremely luxurious. This is not an ordinary official tomb. At the same time, we found 1 3 7 ancient cultural relics, such as "Green Steel Antler Mirror", "Dragon Wind Bronze Mirror" and "Corpse Plate", which can only be enjoyed by prominent families.

Later, two precious cultural relics were found in Hanshou, namely "chime bells" with "female ding convex body" on it. The chime is a favorite musical instrument of senior court officials in ancient times. It is divided into minutes (for playing) and bells (for increasing the volume), which are exactly the same as those in Qu Yuan's poems. This makes us seem to see the senior musicians of Chu knocking on the chimes, tuning the chimes and playing the flute, playing Kevin·Z's music, and making those beautiful women with red lips and white teeth and plump flesh and blood dance. Only the prominent Qu family can enjoy such advanced treatment.

In addition, Han Shou unearthed a large number of aristocratic daily necessities such as antlers and bronze mirrors (precious cultural relics) and weapons such as bronze swords and sabres.

Mr. Guo Moruo said in the Study of Qu Yuan: "Most of the underground evidence is useless." Therefore, the cultural relics unearthed underground are very convincing proof.

Third, there are many historical sites.

There are no great civil and military officials in the history of Hanshou, nor are they important ports, but there are many places of Chu and monuments commemorating Qu Yuan:

1, San Lv Doctor Temple. There are two Hanshou temples, one in Canggang Town and the other in the southern suburb of the county seat. The former is that two years after Qu Yuan's death, General Zhuang Xin of Chu recovered five cities in the south of the Yangtze River. According to records, the Doctor Temple in San Lv, formerly known as Quyuan Temple, was used for evoking souls. It was recorded in Historical Records. At that time, Qin allowed people to worship each other, and later it was changed to a doctor's temple according to Qin's example. Doctor San Lv Temple in the suburb of Hanshou County was built during the Hanshou period when Liu Biao set up Jingzhou in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It was rebuilt according to the ceremony in the suburbs of Qin Chu. Both temples have records, which can be found in the records of Changde House in Jiajing of Ming Dynasty, Changde House in Jiaqing of Qing Dynasty and Longyang County in Tongzhi of Qing Dynasty. When Liu Yuxi came to Canggang in the Tang Dynasty, he recorded that he had seen the Doctor Temple in San Lv in Picking Ling: "Quping Temple is under the Yuanjiang River, and the bright moon shines with cold waves and white smoke".

2. Dongyue Temple. There are two Hanshou, one is next to Quyuan Temple in the suburb of Hanshou, and the other is in Dongyue Miao Township, the birthplace of Cangshui. It is recorded in the records of Jiajing Changde in Ming Dynasty, Jiaqing Changde in Qing Dynasty and Longyang County in Tongzhi. According to the Yao Dian of Shang Dynasty, "Yue is the leader of the governors on all sides". In order to avoid the word "yellow" being the same as Qin Shihuang, the original temple dedicated to the East Emperor was changed to Dongyue Temple. Dongyue Temple in Dongyue Temple Township was rebuilt in Qin and Han Dynasties, which inherited the sacrificial tradition of Chu in the pre-Qin period and had an altar in ancient times. The suburb of Hanshou (Dongyue Temple) was in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and Liu Biao set Jingzhou as a suburban ceremony when Hanshou was built.

3. Loi Wo Temple. According to Zhong Xiangji, this temple was built before the Northern and Southern Dynasties, that is, 4 2 0 years ago, and was often a place for people from all walks of life to worship goddesses.

4. Zhuo Ying Bridge. It was built during Qu Yuan's exile in Canggang, and it still existed in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China. 1 9 6 4, its bridge stone was removed and transported away, and an electric culvert was built, but its cornerstone was buried underground in the original bridge site. The original bridge site is on the northwest side outside the wall of schistosomiasis control hospital in Canggang town.

5. Quyuan Temple. Built before the Tang Dynasty, there was a poem tablet of Qu Yuan in the temple, which was made for Cui Lishan in the Tang Dynasty.

6. Tunxi Temple. Sanjin Temple, built in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, has a collection of Tang poetry inscriptions moved from Quyuan Temple, followed by a piano platform, a roof decorated with dragons, phoenixes and gourds, a stage and a stupa. During the Republic of China, the temple was changed into a temple, which was later occupied by the township office and a primary school was set up. A statue of Canglang Niangniang (said to be a girl) was moved to Tianyi Palace.

7. Tianyi Palace. It is a merit shrine built by the adherents of ancient Sanmiao to become Tang Tianyi. Later, after the Chu people came to the center of Qu Di, at the end of the Warring States Period, an additional Hall of the King of Chu was built in Tianyi Palace, which contained 17 portraits of the ancestors of the King of Chu and Qu Yuan. After Qu Yuan was buried, the descendants of Qu Yuan also offered a statue of Qu Yuan to this hall, 18.

8. Quyuan Lane (also known as San Lv Lane). It is said that it is the birthplace of Qu Yuan. His ancestor's name was "Mo Ao". He once led troops to plow fields and accumulate grain in xiang yuan, Chenyang and other places, and led more than 10,000 people to camp in Canggang. So the Qu family thrived here, and later people called it "Qu hometown". After Qu Yuan's death, it was renamed Qu Yuan Lane.

9. Qingsi Pavilion. It is said that Qu Yuan played and washed things here when he was a child. When Qu Yuan lived in Canglang, his demoted hometown, he traced back to Cangshui and found that this water source was Cangshan Qingsi Lake, hence the name Qingsi Pavilion.

10, Jiangtan. Canglang River downstream, about a Huali Road west of Canggang Town. Qu Yuan said in The Fisherman: "Qu Yuan set free and swam in the river beach", which is what it means here. According to the Records of Longyang County, Chao Chen pointed out in the article Canglang Ji: "The name of Jiangtan is still close at hand. The reason was answered by the fisherman. Why is the husband suspicious? "

1 1, orange island. In Yuanshui River, ten miles away from Canggang and ten miles long in the continent, it was named Orange Island because citrus reticulata was planted in Manchuria. According to textual research, Qu Yuan's Ode to Orange was written on the background of Orange Island.

In addition, there are Zhaoqu Pavilion, Diaoyutai, Qixingdui, Cangshan and Lanershui. , a total of more than a dozen places. These cultural relics are recorded in historical records, and the remains exist. Canggang, a small market town, has left us so many cultural relics in memory of Qu Yuan. Liu Yuxi, a great poet in Tang Dynasty, lived in Renlang for ten years. How many cultural relics are there to commemorate Liu in Changde now? The poet Li Bai has been to Hanshou Yougang. Why are there no buildings in memory of Li Bai? There are only a few memorial buildings in Zigui, Hubei Province, such as Quyuan Temple, Quyuan Temple and Lepingli memorial archway. Some buildings are hundreds or even thousands of years later than those in Canggang, Hanshou. There are so many commemorative cultural relics in Canggang, and they were built so early. If Qu Yuan's hometown is not in Hanshou, why did Canggang, a small market town, build so many memorial buildings?

The Qing Dynasty's "Tongzhi Longyang (now Hanshou) County Chronicle" said: "Longyang is Ling Jun's (Qu Yuan's) falling sail pool", and Qu Yuan came to Canglang Port, where Canglang water of Hanshou meets. Where are the rough waves? Jiang Ji, a scholar of Qu in Qing Dynasty, compared all kinds of statements in "Songs of Chu with Pavilion in Mountain Belt", saying: "Canglang Water is in Longyang County, Changde Prefecture today. Here is the birthplace of Canglang water, which flows into Canglang water "; He added: "In the old solution, the surging waves were regarded as the dirty water of the Han River. For example, in today's capital Mianyang, the waves are rough. In the north of the river, I moved to the south of the river, but I couldn't build it, and it didn't belong to the first one. In Quan Zhi, Guanchu Province, there are many questioners who bring fishermen's original questions and answers, all of which have insufficient influence. Only Wuling Longyang, Cangshan Langshan and Canglang Water, as well as Canggang City, Canggang Township, San Lv Port and Quyuan Lane, are the most well-founded. " It can be seen that Longyang Canglang Port (now Hanshou Canggang Port) attracted the attention of Qu Yuan researchers in the Qing Dynasty.

Fourth, there are a lot of Qu Yuan's poems as evidence.

Qu Yuan's poems also provide us with a lot of relevant evidence. For example, in the poem "Evocation of Soul", some experts have verified that Qu Yuan is an exorcist. The poem calls Qu Gai "Zhang Chu" and calls Qu Gai "to mourn for the south of the Yangtze River". "Chu" and "Jiangnan" here refer to Dongting Lake area. Qu Gai is the eldest son of Qu Jia. He is called "Zhang Chu" in the poem, that is, he is the commander in charge of the Chuze area, that is, the Dongting Lake area. This more accurately shows that the fief of Qu family "Qu" is in Dongting Lake area in the south of the Yangtze River.

Some experts have discovered Qu Yuan's youth life from the unique local customs and cultural atmosphere of his hometown, which shows that Qu Yuan's hometown is probably in Hanshou, otherwise it is difficult to write so realistically. Many descriptions in Qu Yuan's works are related to the place names of Hanshou, such as Canglang Port ("Canglang Water is crystal clear"), Jiangtanping ("Going south along the river") and Orange Island (Quyuan wrote "Ode to Orange Island"). Some of them are related to the customs of Hanshou. For example, Wang Yi said that the author of Nine Songs was also made by Qu Yuan. In the past, the southern city of Chu, Yuan and Xiang believed in ghosts and loved temples. "Changde Fu Zhi" and "Longyang County Zhi" both record that Changde Fu people "believe in ghosts and witches, especially Longyang". Qu Yuan's works describe the beautiful scenery of his hometown and truly show the customs of Hanshou. For example, "making lotus flowers is the best way to dress up, and picking hibiscus flowers is the best way to dress up" (the custom in Hanshou Lake area), "Xi Zhi is tied to the root of the olive tree, which runs through the falling core of Ficus pumila", "Hu Sheng is tied to the delicate mushroom flower" (the rope made of vegetables and straw in Hanshou area) and "the rest is orchids." Dongting waves under the leaves (written in Dongting), suddenly looking into the distance and watching the flowing water (written between Yuan and Li), wasting the morning and staying in the morning sun, the surging water is clear, and I can enjoy my tassel (written in Han Shou).

Qu Yuan said in Li Sao: "If I can't get in, I will take my original clothes if I leave." . Making a lotus flower is a dress, gathering a lotus flower is a dress ... "

The poet said here, "At the beginning of clothing, Wang Yi commented in Chu Sentence," I cleaned my clothes at the beginning. "It can be seen that the first dress is the clothing of the poet's youth, and the' hibiscus' and' hibiscus' here are used by the poet to symbolize his' cleanliness'. This special aesthetic concept was the unique aesthetic fashion in Yuanxiang area at that time. We can see people's unique aesthetic interest in "Lotus" and "Hibiscus" in the hometown, and even as the content and basis for beautifying clothes, houses, transportation, environment and other aspects of life, she is the expression of the unique cultural atmosphere in the hometown. Therefore, from the poet's "first clothes", we can find that the poet's youth was spent in his hometown.

Qu Yuan wrote in Li Sao: "Dividing martial arts has both inner beauty and self-cultivation. Hujiang was separated from Bi, thinking that Pei ... was facing Mulan's wood Xi, and Lanzhou's night was headstrong ... "

The poet "cultivates energy" here, and Wang Yi notes: "The word has been cultivated, so Li Jiang is chosen and alfalfa is used as the clothing; Sewing Suo Qiulan thinks she is an ornament, absorbing all the goodness and restraining herself. " Wang Yi's statement is very insightful. Yuanxiang region has a mild climate and abundant rainfall, which is suitable for the growth of subtropical plants such as Li Jiang, Loquat, Qiu Lan, Mulan and Su Mang. Poets use these fragrant trees and grasses to symbolize nobility, and Qu Yuan's unique aesthetic taste is the crystallization of the unique cultural atmosphere in Yuanxiang area. In the Song Dynasty, Liu Cizhuang's Yuefu Collection said: "Li Sao says: I think Pei is green, with green leaves and purple stems. Yuan and Li, born today. " At the same time, the fragrant wood flowers and plants described by the poet here also illustrate the characteristics of their respective growing areas, such as the rivers in Li Jiang, the neighboring Mulan and the mainland. This also tells us that there are "rivers", "borders" and "continents" in the areas where poets "cultivate energy". This landform feature is also the landform feature of the vast alluvial plain along the Dongting Lake in Yuanxiang area, with rivers criss-crossing and some Changzhou and hills in the middle. It can be seen that Qu Yuan's "nourishing qi" in his youth was in his hometown.

"Ode to Orange" begins with: "Empress, beautiful trees, beautiful oranges. I was ordered not to move and was born in the south. "

The poet said that the orange tree is a beautiful tree endowed by heaven and earth. "Born in the south", Wang Yi notes: "The south is also called Jiangnan. ..... Oranges are destined to come from the south of the Yangtze River and cannot be moved. If you plant it in the north, it will become a bitter orange. Qu yuan is like an orange, and the trace cannot be moved. " Wang Yi, a native of Xuancheng, Jiangbei, should be familiar with this habit of citrus reticulata and be credible. Therefore, from the homesickness expressed in Ode to Orange, we can also see that Qu Yuan's youth was spent in a water town in the south of the Yangtze River.

According to textual research, none of Qu Yuan's 2 6 works is related to Zigui, but 2 3 are related to Jiangnan. For example, Li Sao's "South Zheng Xi of Jiyuan Township" and "Yuan Zhi Li Xilan" written by Jiuge are all about the plain area of West Dongting Lake, which is not consistent with Zigui, Hubei Province, but both are mountainous and different from Jiangling, Hubei Province. All kinds of herbs such as orchids, orchids and lotus flowers written by Qu Yuan can be seen everywhere in Hanshou, with the characteristics of Dongting Lake Plain. According to expert research, Qu Yuan was born in Canggang, Hanshou, so Qu Yuan is familiar with Hanshou, which will naturally be reflected in his works. In particular, it is worth pointing out repeatedly that only Hanshou in China passes through Lishui and Yuanshui at the same time, so Qu Yuan's hometown is probably Hanshou in Hunan. Of course, I hope there will be more cultural relics to prove it in the future.