Wen Yiduo's dedication to the revolution

Wen Yiduo searched for the way to save the country.

Wen Yiduo, formerly known as Wen Jiahua, 1899, from Xishui, Hubei. 19 12 was admitted to Tsinghua University, and 1922 went to study in the United States. He received western art education in Chicago Academy of Fine Arts, University of Colorado and new york Art Institute. 1September, 923, his first book of poetry, Red Candle, was published in China. 1925 After returning to China in May, he taught in Beijing, Nanjing, Wuhan and Qingdao successively. 1937 when War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, he resolutely went south and taught at the National Temporary University (later changed to Southwest United University) jointly established by Tsinghua, Peking University and Nankai University. 1944 joined the China Democratic League and became the NLD Central Executive Committee after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. On July 5th, 1946 and 15 denounced the Kuomintang spy at the memorial meeting for Li Gongpu, and delivered the famous "Final Speech". He was assassinated by a spy that afternoon at the age of 48. His main works are Red Candle, Still Water, Miscellaneous Poems of Tang Poetry, Interpretation of Li Sao, etc.

"Do you know that Macau (Ma Gang) is not my real name? I've been away from your children for too long, mom! But what they took away was my body, and you still kept my inner soul. My birth mother has been dreaming for 300 years. Please call my son by his real name and call me' Macau'! Mom! I want to come back, mom! " On the eve of the return of Macao in 65438 to 0999, this touching song spread like wildfire with the broadcast of TV documentary, and spread all over the country. Its lyricist is Wen Yiduo, a famous modern poet, scholar and democratic fighter.

On the night of the May 4th Movement, Yue Fei's calligraphy "Man Jiang Hong" was posted in front of the school cafeteria and became an active figure in the student movement in Tsinghua campus.

He compared seven ceded and leased places, such as Macau, Hongkong and Taiwan Province Province, to seven children who had been abducted from their mothers, and wrote the Song of Seven Children, which was widely sung during the return of Macau in 1999.

19 12 years, Wen Yiduo, 13 years old, was admitted to Tsinghua Preparatory School for Studying in the United States (predecessor of Tsinghua University) with the first place in Hubei, where he spent 10 years as a student. In the meantime, he studied hard, joined various student groups and became an active figure. On the day of the May Fourth Movement, Wen Yiduo was so passionate that he wrote Yue Fei's "Man Jiang Hong" in calligraphy late at night and posted it in front of the canteen. This summer vacation, he made an exception and didn't go home. He wrote to his parents and said, "The state nurtures students, who are thousands of years old. Once something goes wrong, who should the students treat if they don't contribute? " Participate in publicity during school, and attend the inaugural meeting of the National Student Union as a representative of Tsinghua.

1July, 922, Wen Yiduo went to the United States to study, and successively entered the Chicago Academy of Fine Arts, the University of Colorado, and the new york Art Institute. When he specializes in fine arts, he likes drama and loves poetry. 1September, 923, his first book of poetry, Red Candle, was published in China with the help of Guo Moruo, which established his position in the poetry circle. During his stay in the United States, Wen Yiduo's love for the motherland was aroused by the discrimination suffered by the people of weak countries. He said: "I want to praise the flowers of my motherland;" I want to praise my flowery motherland! " He compared seven ceded and leased places, such as Macau, Hongkong and Taiwan Province Province, to seven children who were taken away from their mothers, and wrote Song of the Seven Sons. More than 70 years later, when welcoming the return of Macao, he created the Song of Seven Sons of Macao, which was widely sung.

1925, Wen Yiduo returned to China as the provost of Beijing Institute of Art. Later, he participated in the supplement of Beijing Morning Post edited by Xu Zhimo, editing poetry collections. After the famous journalist Shao Piaoping was shot by warlords, Wen Yiduo went south to Wuhan, and at the invitation of Deng, he became the head of literature and art of the General Political Department of the Northern Expeditionary Army. He once painted a large mural against warlords and hung it in front of the Yellow Crane Tower.

In his early years, he believed in nationalism and was biased against productism. During the Anti-Japanese War, I witnessed the corruption of the Kuomintang and the hardships of the people, so I walked out of my study and shouted:

Now there is only one way-revolution. When he joined NLD, he said that "he will definitely ask to join the * * * production party in the future"; As a famous professor, he supports his family by carving after class. When the Kunming garrison commander asked him to carve the seal with a large sum of money, he sneered.

After 1927, Wen Yiduo was hired by Nanjing Central University, Wuhan University, Qingdao University and Tsinghua University successively. From a romantic poet to a cautious scholar. His research fields range from the poems of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties to the Songs of Chu, from Zhuangzi to the Book of Changes, including ancient philology, phonology and folklore, which made Guo Moruo successful. In addition, he has profound attainments in fine arts, drama, calligraphy and seal cutting. His seal cutting is regarded as a masterpiece for its profound aesthetic cultivation and superb knowledge of ancient Chinese characters. After the guns of the Anti-Japanese War sounded at Lugou Bridge, Wen Yiduo despised the literati Zhou Zuoren and others for staying in the city and being ruled by the enemy, and he did not hesitate to give up the treasure for many years, because the conquered people in the war went south alone.

When studying in Tsinghua, Wen Yiduo believed in nationalism, believing that anarchism and * * * productism only destroyed and did not build. He attended several meetings organized by nationalists in Peking University, and almost every time he had a fierce conflict with the producers of * * *. During the Anti-Japanese War, he went out of his study and went deep into the society, and his thoughts changed. During the great transfer from Beijing to Kunming, he participated in a hiking group that lasted more than two months and spanned more than 3,000 miles in Hunan, Guizhou and Yunnan provinces, and deeply understood the sufferings of the lower class and the corruption of the Kuomintang regime. 1in the spring of 943, Chiang Kai-shek published "The Destiny of China" to promote new absolutism, which Wen Yiduo thought was "openly challenging the May 4th Movement, and I couldn't stand it anyway". Soon, he read a poem by Tian Tian, a poet in the Liberated Area, and was deeply shocked by his fighting spirit. He immediately published the article "Drummer of the Times-Reading Poems in the Field", which caused a shock in the rear area. By reading all kinds of progressive books, he got a detailed understanding of the various situations of the * * * production party and shouted from the heart: "Now there is only one way-revolution"! Under the introduction of Wu Han, a professor of progress, and Hua Gang, the head of the underground party in China, Wen Yiduo participated in the Southwest Cultural Research Association of the underground party organization, and secretly joined the NLD in the summer of 1944, saying that he must ask to join the * * * production party in the future.

In the late period of the Anti-Japanese War, prices soared and corruption prevailed in the Kuomintang-controlled areas, so it was difficult for professors without "extra money" to support their families by wages. Wen Yiduo is a famous teacher in The National SouthWest Associated University. Besides attending classes, he has to wear a patched gown, so he has to mark a price and carve a seal to support his family. The Kunming garrison commander admired his reputation and sent someone to find him to engrave, saying that he could pay a lot of money. Wen Yiduo sneered at the Kuomintang military police out of contempt, completely ignoring the possible danger of offending this person.

He was furious at Li Gongpu's memorial service. Facing the threat of the secret agents in the audience, he made a famous speech, firmly stating that "the front foot stepped out of the gate, and the back foot was not prepared to step into the gate again". A few hours later, he was killed by a spy on his way home; Mao Zedong once said, "We should write an ode to Wen Yiduo". Now Wen Ting is standing on the campus of Tsinghua, and a statue of him is smoking a pipe in front of him.

After Japan surrendered, Wen Yiduo actively participated in various gatherings and wrote essays and declarations full of fighting spirit. The spy students were so hostile to him that they posted threatening leaflets at the National Southwest Associated University, which is known as the "bastion of democracy", and deliberately renamed it "Wen Yiduo" similar to the Russians. 1945 12 1 day, Kunming college students held a lecture evening on anti-civil war in The National SouthWest Associated University. The Kuomintang authorities unexpectedly sent an "officer corps" composed of secret agents to rush into the campus and throw grenades, creating a "December 1" tragedy that shocked China and foreign countries. Wen Yiduo was filled with indignation, went to the Martyrs Memorial Hall to pay homage, and wrote an elegy of "People are not afraid of death, why should they be afraid of death", and walked at the forefront of the funeral procession for four martyrs.

/kloc-in the summer of 0/946, the National Southwest Associated University was dissolved. Wen Yiduo wanted to go back to Tsinghua with his teachers and students, but he was stranded because of the relocation expenses of his family. At this time, the Kuomintang authorities thought that the democratic forces in Kunming had been weakened and became arrogant. On the night of July 0, they used silent pistol to assassinate Li Gongpu, a member of the NLD Central Committee. At that time, some famous scholars ran to foreign consulates to take refuge. It was widely rumored in the city that Wen Yiduo was next on the blacklist, and the underground party informed him to hide temporarily. Regardless of his life and death, Wen Yiduo resolutely attended the memorial service for Li Gongpu held in Yunnan University on the afternoon of June 5438+05. He was not scheduled to speak at the meeting. When Li Furen introduced her husband's murder, he burst into tears, but the spies who infiltrated the meeting shouted that trouble was coming. Wen Yiduo couldn't bear it. He delivered a famous final speech in his life to thousands of teachers, students and arrogant spies, announcing that he "stepped out of the gate with his front foot and was not prepared to step into the gate with his back foot". After the meeting, he rushed to Democracy Weekly to attend a press conference. At five o'clock, on the way back to Xicangpo dormitory, he was killed by submachine gun fire in a military jeep. His eldest son Wen was seriously injured to protect his father, and the murderer drove away. This "literary tragedy" shocked China and foreign countries. In Nanking, Zhou Enlai angrily condemned: When the Kuomintang attacked the * * * production party, both sides could fight with weapons; He treated unarmed scholars like Li and Wen like this and wanted to use cowardly assassination. In the face of the national condemnation wave, the military government lied that its members heard Wen Yiduo's "insulting the leader" and shot without authorization because of "indignation" instead of directing the summit.

1In August, 949, Mao Zedong praised Wen Yiduo's spirit of "being angry with the Kuomintang pistol" in his farewell to Si Tuleideng, and proposed: "We should write a hymn for Wen Yiduo and Zhu Ziqing, because they showed the heroism of our nation". Later, in the comment on writing written by Mao Zedong after reading Twenty-four History, he praised Wen Yiduo for "dying for life!" Decades later, Wen Ting Pavilion and Ziqing Pavilion have stood on the campus of Tsinghua. In front of Wen Ting stands a thin statue of Wen Yiduo with round glasses and a pipe. His famous saying is engraved on the stone tablet: "The poet's main talent is love. Love his motherland and love his people. "

"If you listen to Taoism, you will die at night." From a wild poet during the May 4th Movement to a supporter of the * * * production party, Wen Yiduo completed the sublimation of his life.

Wen Yiduo's life is full of changes. He used to be a poet famous for "Dead Water with a Red Candle". Then he changed from an emotional poet to a calm scholar; Finally, he walked out of his study and sacrificed heroically for democracy and freedom. This seems to be full of contradictions, but in fact it is consistent, that is, whether it is a poet, a scholar or a soldier, Wen Yiduo is always looking for a way to save the country.

Wen Yiduo was influenced by national culture since he was a child, and the great contrast he saw after going to the United States enhanced his patriotic feelings. As he said, "I love China because she is my motherland, and Juventus is a country with that lovely culture." He wanted to find a prescription for treating ethnic diseases from the historical and cultural origins, but after searching for ineffectiveness in his research, he finally embarked on social activities. Wen Yiduo believed in anti-* * nationalism in his early years, but through long-term personal experience and constant search for truth, he finally corrected his understanding in the late period of the Anti-Japanese War and turned to support the principles and policies of the * * * production party. "If you listen, you will die at dusk." He believes that the story of fighting for democracy at the cost of life is the highest sublimation.