Shi Ding manor tourist attractions

On the right side of Shi Ding Manor facing the gate is a big artificial lotus pond, which means that the breeze winds around the pond and the winding path leads to a secluded place. Changyu, along the stone road by the pool, is the guard building connecting the compound. Because the whole compound is on the ground floor, the leaky guard building is integrated with the whole compound.

When you walked into the gate of the dam, your eyes suddenly opened. The dam, which is nearly 1 1,000 square meters, is a semicircular wall made of stone strips. Outside the wall is a courtyard river 5 meters wide and 40 meters long.

The manor looks like a giant with open arms. The middle row of main buildings is tall and majestic, with two floors, all of which have wooden hanging floors.

In the middle of the dam is the gate of the compound, which is arched with stone strips and has several external windows on both sides. The couplet engraved on the stone on Zheng Da's door reads "Rites, music, poems and books are family heirlooms, while Lingde is the Yan 'er elixir", and the cross section reads "Farming and reading are family heirlooms". Judging from the architectural momentum of the compound, this main entrance is a bit stingy, but it just confirms the cautious architectural style of Hakka dwellings, which integrates residence and protection. It reflects the record of Hakkas' confrontation and self-isolation with the aborigines, and it is also the expression of Hakkas' psychological needs for survival and safety in a foreign land.

Entering from the gate is the living room of ordinary guests, and the post above the head is engraved with the time and builder of the manor: in the fifth year of the Republic of China (19 16), Ding, Ding, Ding Qiuzhen chose Kyrgyzstan to build it.

The window of the living room is beautifully carved, engraved with "wealth and perfection", which embodies the idea that Ding Jia wanted to occupy the word "wealth" at that time.

Through the hall, there is a wide patio of more than 200 square meters with stairs on the left. The courtyard is surrounded by two floors, high in the north, low in the east and high in the west. Four large plaques with six golden dragons carved on the edges are hung on all sides, and the plaques are engraved with auspicious words and greetings such as "Phoenix crane pine", "Best for kindness", "Moistening things quietly" and "Moistening beautiful things" respectively. Among them, the plaque of "being the happiest for kindness" was given by Wang Gongqing, the county magistrate of Yilong County in the Republic of China 19 (1930).

In the middle of the courtyard is the main hall, above which there is a plaque: Splendid Tenghui, and the name and construction time of the builder are engraved on the main beam of the roof. The builders were the four Ding brothers, but the time was in the first year of the Republic of China (19 12). This shows that the whole manor was not built in one year.

There are bedrooms on the left and right sides of the main hall, with exquisite carved queen beds, which are magnificent.

On the left and right sides of this big quadrangle, there are two small quadrangles. Small quadrangles are all "sun" shaped, and there is a rectangular pool in the middle of the yard. A stone bridge passes through the pool from the middle, and the water under the bridge is connected. The bridge is covered by eaves, and the stone bridge and the eaves covering the bridge act as a cross in the middle of the word "Sun". Therefore, whether seen from the middle of the yard or from the air, the small quadrangles are all in the shape of the sun, which is unknown.

It is said that the whole manor has 108 rooms. Take the meaning of Liangshan in the Water Margin as an example. It once said, "Liangshan has one hundred single generals and Ding family has one hundred single eight rooms. Their descendants all live here, and they are all heroes." This architectural thought also confirms the loyal Central Plains legacy in Hakka bones.

Climb up the stairs along the escalator, but you can see that the buildings are connected by corridors and the sides are connected by doors. There is a corridor upstairs for other wives in the family. There are beautifully carved beams and railings in the corridor, and the wide corridor can accommodate six or seven people in parallel.

According to some local old people, the Ding family called this corridor connected on all sides "around the corner building". On holidays, the Ding family will invite a troupe to sing in the South Gallery, and a family of men, women and children will gather in the North Gallery to watch.

There are corridors and doors in every room, hall, patio, corridor, roadway and between buildings, which is very convenient for production and life. It's really unique and makes you feel spacious and winding. The space of the manor is smooth and transparent, which is not only unexpected and changeable, but also has a clear central axis, emphasizing symmetry, and has the artistic conception of "mountains and heavy waters have no way to return to doubt, and the willow flowers are bright and the village is bright", which fully embodies the architectural style of blending Chinese and western civilizations.

Defense design is an important part of traditional architecture in China, and Shi Ding Manor can be said to be the ultimate. Behind the manor is a mountain, and in front is a fort with a stone height of more than one foot. Below the ridge is a "moon" pond similar to a moat, with a length of more than 60 meters, a width of more than 10 meters and a depth of 3 meters. It is almost impossible to attack from front to back. There are only roads and doors on the left to enter the whole manor, but just outside the small courtyard on the left, there is also a yard. There is a watchtower in the north of the yard that looks like two floors but is actually three floors. There are gun holes on all sides of the watchtower, and the other side of the courtyard is blocked by a tall wall. The only access is under the watchtower's watchhole.

It is said that the Ding family was equipped with two earth cannons and two jar cannons on the watchtower, and also purchased 30 rifles, 4 old cannons and 150 knives and guns. They kept more than 30 servants all the year round and were not infringed for decades. Looking out from the watchtower, I found that all angles near the entrance of the manor were within the shooting range of the gun hole. Even if someone breaks into the courtyard to avoid bullets, the rooms in the courtyard 108 are connected, but the doors are independent when they are closed. Unfamiliar people are like entering a maze and becoming turtles in a jar of Ding Jia. 1942 or so, about 500 bandits gathered in Yilong and its vicinity for a long time took aim at the Ding family, and spent three months lurking in the mountains day and night, using various means to investigate, but because they could not find out the details of the Ding family, they dared not start work easily.

Shi Ding Manor is a combination of practicality, firmness and aesthetic taste. For the shelf structure and its layout, we should not only grasp the fulcrum, stress point and key point through mechanics, but also reflect the owner's aesthetic taste, values and spiritual feelings in modeling, so that the relationship between ideal and reality, aesthetics and practicality, entertainment and education can be established and realized in daily life. The architectural techniques, decorative techniques and carving techniques that can be seen everywhere in the courtyard are ingenious and unique. From eaves, arches, walls, kissing animals to cornerstones, shrines, stone drums, doors and windows, the modeling is realistic, the conception is strange and original.

The whole compound has 120 gates. It is said that it took two masons three months to finish the stone carving of the gate post of this manor. There is also a 12 half-moon stone arch in the manor. All the doorways are carved with flower and bird patterns, including chrysanthemums, peonies and beautiful clouds, or "magpies make flowers", or "peony is rich", or "Yuanyang Lotus", or "birds flying towards the phoenix", which fully shows Ding's precious celebration and contains auspicious meaning.

The woodcarving of Shi Ding Manor mainly includes window woodcarving, doorframes, screens, furniture, foreheads, eaves, columns and corridors in the mansion, which is not only the focus of modeling decoration, but also the aesthetic materialization of Yilong Hakka.

Ruiyun, lotus, peony, fairy beast, vase and so on are carved on the shoulders and buckets of the manor. Shaped like a phoenix flying high. The sparrows on both sides of the wooden column are not only decorative, but also load-bearing components, which are antique.

Shi Ding Manor has more than 70 windows, which are round, rectangular, hexagonal, simple, complex and orderly, stable and ancient, with different postures and characteristics.

Not only are wood carvings finely carved, but stone carvings are also finely carved and ground, such as glass and mirrors; Jade carving in the pavilion corridor, with light makeup; Free and diverse forms, whimsy.

The contents of these stone carvings, wood carvings and couplets reflect the cultural atmosphere of the owner's pursuit of family harmony, cultivation and reading, education of poetry and books, and prayer for longevity. It should be said that the Ding family history is not only the best witness of Hakka migration, survival and reproduction, Hakka culture and folk customs, but also the crystallization of Hakka labor wisdom, which exudes unique artistic charm. There is a special theater in the compound. There is a stage in the theater, a hall that can accommodate hundreds of spectators, and a place dedicated to singing shadow play. It is said that Zhu De is a naughty boy who often comes here to watch plays, so he is often bullied by Master Ding Jia.

The theatre gives visitors three performances every day.

There is also an introduction about the history of Hakkas moving to Sichuan and the situation of Hakkas in Yilong. According to Modern Chinese Dictionary, Hakkas refer to the Han people who gradually moved southward from the Yellow River valley in the early 4th century (the end of the Western Jin Dynasty), the end of the 9th century (the end of the Tang Dynasty) and the beginning of the13rd century (the end of the Southern Song Dynasty), and are now distributed in Guangdong, Fujian, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Hunan, Taiwan Province and other provinces. It is said that the word "guest" is pronounced as "Haga" in Hakka and Cantonese, which means "guest".

Hakka people migrate from generation to generation. During the decades from the end of Ming Dynasty to the beginning of Qing Dynasty, due to wars, plagues and natural disasters, Sichuan's population dropped sharply and cultivated land was abandoned. Encouraged by the Qing government's preferential immigration policy of "recruiting refugees, rewarding agriculture and weaving, and never giving more", Hakkas who moved south from the Yellow River valley entered Sichuan with the immigration tide of "Huguang filling Sichuan". Emperor Kangxi also gave 8 taels of silver to migrating men and 4 taels to women and children, encouraging Hakkas to move to Sichuan. However, the fertile land in Chengdu Plain has been occupied by Huguang people who arrived in advance, and the Hakkas have to settle in the mountains and hills after many twists and turns. Even so, the Hakkas, who suffer from poverty in Lingnan mountainous areas, are still eager to move to Yilong. Yilong county is a big Hakka county in Sichuan. At present, there are 220,000 Hakkas with the surname 18, accounting for more than 20% of the total population in Yilong County. According to the survey, the Hakkas in Yilong are all from Ruyuan County, Shaozhou, Guangdong Province, and they are all relatives. Zhu De wrote in the article "Remembering Mother": "My family is a tenant farmer, and my ancestral home is Shaozhou, Guangdong, and I am a Hakka."

According to the records of Yilong County, after entering Sichuan, Hakkas lived in groups, rarely married their neighbors, lived in a relatively isolated mountainous area, and always followed the ancestral motto of "selling ancestral fields, rather than losing ancestral words", which made the etiquette and customs such as Hakka dialect, weddings and funerals, and respecting religion spread in Yilong folk songs. The picture on the right shows the actors and tourists in the manor theater performing together-Hakka women throw hydrangeas to recruit their sons-in-law.

Hakka people have read all the vicissitudes of history, traveled all over the world, and achieved perseverance and courage in the long migration experience. The Encyclopedia Britannica commented on Hakka: "Hakka men are brave adventurers and Hakka women are strong laborers." Edel, a British scholar, also pointed out in his book "A Brief Introduction to Hakka Species": "Hakkas are both hard and soft, and they are not afraid of bullying and violence."

From June 5438 to February 2002, after Shi Ding Manor was listed as a provincial-level cultural relic protection unit, the relevant departments also carried out comprehensive maintenance on the manor house, restored its luxurious old appearance, created surrounding gardens and pedestrian walkways, restored courtyard flowers and trees and moat roads, rebuilt the lotus pond, and set up the first Hakka folk culture exhibition in northeast Sichuan, which was known as the "Hakka Folk Museum".