How to realize the fantasy of emigrating to space?

The universe is deep and the space is ethereal and fascinating. At all times, there are many fairy tales and scientific fantasies circulating in the world, hoping that one day human beings can "land on the moon for nine days" and move towards that wonderful "heaven and earth".

Since 1957, when the Soviet Union launched the first artificial satellite, mankind has successfully launched various satellites and spacecraft probes into space and landed on the moon. Scientists predict that human migration into space is not far off.

2/kloc-at the beginning of the 20th century, mankind will build spaceports in near-earth orbit, orbit around the moon, orbit of Mars and free points of the Earth-Moon system as transit stations for space passenger transport. During this period, there will be a survey ship flying around all the year round, and a transshipment ship will shuttle goods and personnel between the space port and the survey ship like a barge. After the completion of the near-earth space port and the Mars space port, a complete space transportation network will be formed. If human beings want to work, live and settle in the moon, Mars and space port for a long time, they must develop a completely self-sufficient biosphere without relying on the earth, establish the initial outposts and bases, and form a complete system for developing the solar system.

2 1 century, mankind will further develop space technology, open up the road to heaven, build a bridge between stars, and realize the great ideal of creating the world. By reducing the cost of transporting payload to orbit, the tasks of carrying people and cargo are separated. Large launch vehicles are still used to transport goods; Manned people descend from the sky and use the winged transportation system, so that all of them can be reused. Among them, people will create an aerospace plane with many excellent characteristics such as emergency and good maneuverability, which can take off and land horizontally. The design schemes include X-30 testing machine ("Orient Express"), Hotell, Saenger, etc.

At present, some countries are brewing a plan to solve the earth's energy crisis-building space power plants. The space power station consists of two parts: the space part-solar power generation satellite and the ground part-receiving power station. Solar power generation satellites are launched into space orbit by rockets. In space, power generation satellites convert solar energy into electric energy, which is transmitted to ground receiving power stations through microwaves, and then supplies power to users.

The sun is a huge energy pool, and solar radiation releases huge energy. Because the earth has a "thick coat", most of the solar energy emitted to the earth is absorbed. Therefore, only by launching the power generation satellite into the outer space orbit with thin air can the solar energy be fully converted into electric energy.

1992, Japan Cosmological Research Institute manufactured a small solar power generation satellite with a triangular prism shape, designed output power of 1000 kW and satellite orbital height of 1000 km. The power generation satellite is equipped with a transmission antenna and a plate-shaped solar cell array made of amorphous silicon, and it orbits the earth once every two hours. When the satellite runs close to the ground receiving antenna, it immediately emits microwaves with a frequency of 2450 MHz and integrates the microwaves into the ground receiving antenna.

According to the latest disclosure of the Defense Advanced Technology Research Projects Agency of the US Department of Defense, the United States intends to launch 5 ~ 16 small nuclear power plants into space around 20 10, and further develop large nuclear power plants to provide energy for space bases.

Nuclear engineering experts at the University of Illinois predict that spacecraft flying in space in the future will be able to fill fuel tanks at the fusion fuel stations of the moon and Jupiter. Because fusion energy can be used not only as the power of spacecraft, but also as the power of orbiting spacecraft space station. Jupiter and the moon are rich in elements that can be used for nuclear fusion, such as deuterium and helium. The first gas station will be built on the moon to "refuel" the spacecraft flying to Mars.

It is more and more possible for human beings to build permanent buildings in space, and space factories will be included in the first batch of space buildings. Without the constraint of gravity, under the special conditions of high vacuum, the space factory will become an ideal place to manufacture some rare products that cannot be manufactured on earth. The space shuttle sends raw materials to space factories, or uses the resources of the planets in the solar system to manufacture and process needed products, and then transports them back to Earth. Because there is no cold and hot convection, shading, precipitation and other phenomena in space, the purity of drugs made in space factories is at least 5 times higher than that made on the ground, and the pharmaceutical speed is 400 times faster.

The United States, Japan and Europe have all listed "long-term experiments of plants in sealed capsules" as key research projects in their space programs in the 2 1 century, and are designing space farms. Scientists believe that the space farm may be built into a spherical cap, and its external rotatable mirror is used to adjust the indoor temperature, so that plants are in the same growth environment as the earth.

Scientists have analyzed the soil retrieved from the moon, and believe that it can be used as the soil for planting crops in space farms with a little modification, and can also be used to extract oxygen and synthetic water to meet the needs of astronauts.

There is no need to weed crops and spray pesticides on space farms, so there is no pollution, and the vegetables and fruits are clean. In addition, the space farm is fully automated, and crops can be fully managed by simply manipulating buttons in the "control room".

Russia's "Peace" space station has a space greenhouse with an area of about 900 square centimeters, and dozens of "space seeds" of different varieties of wheat are planted. Under the condition of weightlessness in space, the sown wheat is expected to mature in 70- 190 days. In this closed space greenhouse, all farm work such as loosening soil and watering is done automatically by robots under the control of astronauts.

2 1 century, space will become another tourist attraction for mankind. Shimizu Corporation of Japan, together with experts from Bell and Trotti Corporation of the United States, designed a space hotel, which will be located at a height of 450km above the earth, shaped like a large amusement park, with a diameter of140m, and the room can accommodate about 100 tourists. In order to avoid the discomfort of space tourists due to weightlessness, the space hotel will rotate three times per minute, thus producing gravity similar to that of the earth. American space experts believe that because space travel is very safe, people who take part in the tour do not have to have the physique of athletes, as long as they pass the general physical examination and their physical fitness can reach a certain level. People can expect that one day they can pack simple things, put on spacesuits, travel in space by space shuttle and stay in space hotels, just like going on business trips abroad.

In order to cooperate with the Ad Astra Plan, NASA cooperated with Boeing Company to develop an experimental space capsule named "Space Garden". This new type of space capsule is actually a "life support system" that controls the ecology. In this system, citrus, cotton, grain and other plants will be planted to provide food and drinking water for astronauts, and the carbon dioxide and feces discharged by them will be recovered. Scientists and technicians will also use Chlorella system to remove carbon dioxide and produce oxygen to keep the air fresh. In emergency, air and water can be used separately. Space Garden has a relatively weak "sports area" for tourists to enjoy "space sports".

Due to the rapid expansion of the world population, the earth is becoming more and more crowded, so scientists put forward the idea of building a space city. A design scheme of space city proposed by American scientists is a rotating cylinder with one end facing the sun and the other half spherical. A cylindrical space city with a radius of 100 m and a length of 4000 m can accommodate about 100 residents. Another design is a wheel-shaped space city rotating around the center. The overall diameter of the Space City is 2,800 meters, and the diameter of the rim itself is 300 meters. The outer edge of the wheel is the ground of the space city, and the inner edge of the wheel is the top of the space city. The "roof" is made of transparent material, and sunlight shines through the skylight. The adjusted space city is bright and warm as spring.

Scientists agree that human migration to space is no longer an illusory fantasy, and large-scale human migration to space is not far off. Fly out of the earth, there are people in the sky!