What are the historical stories about the Silk Road when the new waterway was opened?

The Silk Road is a historic international passage. It is this ancient road that connects ancient China culture, Indian culture, Persian culture, Arabian culture with ancient Greek and Roman culture, and promotes the exchange of eastern and western civilizations. This paper starts from Chang 'an (now Xi 'an), the ancient capital of China, in the east and reaches the eastern Mediterranean in the west.

On this ancient Silk Road, there are many places of interest left over from history. This is the eighth wonder of the world, Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses, an underground army array 2000 years ago. There is a world-famous art treasure house-Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes; Jiayuguan, the end of Wan Li Great Wall; Qinghai Bird Island is known as the "Kingdom of Birds". The picturesque "On the South of the Yangtze River"; Turpan basin is known as the hometown of songs and dances and the hometown of melons and fruits.

Do you know who started the famous Silk Road? Zhang Qian, the great explorer of the Western Han Dynasty.

Zhang Qian was from the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. In BC 139, he was ordered to send people to the western regions to find and contact the Yue family who had been driven away by the Huns and jointly attack the Huns.

Zhang Qian and his party set out from Chang 'an and went west via Longxi. Along the way, the sun and rain, snow and snow hit, and the environment was sinister and difficult. But he was confident, regardless of difficulties and obstacles, and ventured westward. When they came to the Hexi Corridor, they were discovered by tarquin in the occupied area. Zhang Sai and his entourage were all captured.

Xiongnu Khan knew the purpose of Zhang Qian's Western Expedition, so he wouldn't let it go easily. Scattered out to put sheep and horses, strictly controlled by Huns. Back in Zhang Qian, I married a Hun woman, one to spy on him, and the other to induce him to surrender. However, Zhang Qian is unyielding. Although he has been under house arrest and grazing, he has been waiting for the opportunity to escape to complete his mission.

After eleven spring and autumn periods, the supervision of Xiongnu was relaxed. Zhang Qian took the opportunity to escape with his personal entourage, Gan Fu, and left the Xiongnu territory to continue westward. Because they fled in a hurry and didn't prepare dry food and drinking water, they were often hungry and thirsty along the way and would fall on the desert beach at any time. Fortunately, Ganfu's arrow method is good. He often hunted some birds and animals along the way, drank blood to quench his thirst and ate meat to satisfy his hunger, only then did he escape the threat of death.

In this way, I ran around for many days, and finally crossed the desert Gobi, crossed the snow-covered green ridge (now Pamir Plateau), and came to Dawan country (now Fergana). King Dawan with a high nose and blue eyes had long heard that the Han Dynasty was a rich country and wanted to establish contact with it. However, due to the long distance and inconvenient transportation, it has not been possible. So I was overjoyed to hear that the emissary of the Han Dynasty came, and received Zhang Qian warmly in Beijing. He invited Zhang Qian to visit the Blood Horse in Dawan. With the help of King Dawan, Zhang Qian went to Kangju (now Samarkand), Da Yue and Daxia successively. However, the Yue family lived happily in the upper reaches of the Amu Darya River and did not want to go east to fight the Huns. Zhang Qian failed to complete the mission of forming an alliance with Dayue family to attack Xiongnu, but he gained a great deal of knowledge about human geography of western countries.

Zhang Qian was captured by Huns again on his way back to the East, and then he planned to escape. Finally, he went through all kinds of hardships and returned to Chang 'an after 13. This trip to the Western Regions made people living in the hinterland of the Central Plains understand the reality of the Western Regions, inspired the ambition of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to "expand the territory" and launched a series of wars against the Huns.

In BC 1 19, in order to further contact with Wusun, the Han Dynasty broke off the "Xiongnu's right-hand man" and sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions again. This time, Zhang Qian took more than 300 people and arrived in Wusun smoothly. He also sent envoys to visit Kangju, Dawan, Da Yue, Daxia, Rest in Peace (now Iran), Body Poison (now India) and other countries. However, due to the civil strife in Wusun, the purpose of the alliance was not achieved. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Huo Qubing to attack the Xiongnu with heavy troops, wiped out the Xiongnu occupying Hexi Corridor and Mobei, established four counties and two customs in Hexi, and opened the Silk Road. And won the Xiongnu's "Golden Sacrifice" and brought it back to Chang 'an.

Zhang Qian braved difficulties and obstacles, sent two missions to the western regions, communicated the traffic arteries in the interior of Asia, officially started friendly exchanges with western European countries, promoted extensive economic and cultural exchanges between the East and the West, and opened up the Silk Road, making him the first person in China to go to the world. Century after century, a silver belt linked China, Indian, Greek, Roman and Persian cultures. China's ancient inventions of silk, gunpowder, papermaking and printing were introduced to the west. The ancient western cucumbers, carrots, peonies, pomegranates and walnuts were introduced to China along this ancient road. This road, which mainly transports silk, is called Silk Road.

The Silk Road is also the general name of communication channels between ancient China and the outside world and the West. With the changes of history, it has undergone great changes. It is not the concept of highway connection today. In fact, there is not only one fixed road. Broadly speaking, it refers to the passage of ancient China silk into the West, and it is also a long-term, wide-ranging and large-scale route of cultural exchange and material trade interaction between China and the West.

The Silk Road starts from Xi 'an, China, in the east and ends at the eastern Mediterranean in the west. Chang 'an is the capital of Han and Tang Dynasties, where silk from all over the world is concentrated to form camel caravans. It takes several months or even years for Dunhuang area to enter Xinjiang through Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province. Then it passes through Xinjiang, which is divided into three main lines: one is the southern line, which runs from Dunhuang along the northern foot of Kunlun Mountain, passes through Ruoqiang and Hotan (formerly known as Khotan) to shache and crosses the Pamirs; The second is the middle road, which runs through the Pamirs along the southern foot of Tianshan Mountain and passes through Turpan (called Gaochang in ancient times), Yanqi, Kuqa (called Qiuci in ancient times) and Kashgar (called Shule in ancient times). The third is the northbound road, which runs along the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain through Hami (formerly known as Yiwulu), Jimsar (formerly known as Beiting) and Yili (formerly known as Arimuri), and reaches the Caspian Sea coast in the west.

The middle, south and north roads of the Silk Road meander for thousands of miles in Xinjiang and have been handed down from generation to generation. Thousands of messengers, businessmen and monks braved difficulties and obstacles and rushed to this road; Countless soldiers shed blood in order to defend its smoothness, which made this road a beautiful ribbon connecting Eurasia and a bridge that conveyed the ancient civilization of mankind. The rise and fall of history has left countless ancient cities, beacon towers, grottoes, temples and countless treasures buried deep underground or in the desert, which has always attracted the attention of people all over the world.

Historically, the role of the Silk Road in promoting the economic and cultural development of the western regions has always been affirmed by people. Today, almost all the important towns in Xinjiang are on the traffic line of the ancient Silk Road. The construction of modern towns has revitalized the Silk Road. Ancient cities and modern towns not only have space, time and distance, but also are interrelated and interdependent, which is a historical necessity and an objective law. Tashkurgan New Town, located on the highest Pamirs, is connected with Stone Town, and Turpan City, the lowest, is accompanied by Gaochang and Jiaohe Old Town. Urumqi, once a beautiful pasture, has now become a modern metropolis. Nowadays, I don't know how many people come here to travel in the land of vast expanse, Xinjiang, to visit the ancient times and explore the secluded places, to appreciate the new look of the Silk Road town and to show the rich ethnic customs.