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What is the special meaning of "leaf"

Leaf (compound leaf) is one of the vegetative organs of vascular plants. Its function is to synthesize organic matter through photosynthesis, and it has the function of transpiration to provide roots with water and mineral nutrients from the outside. There are three parts: leaves, petioles and stipules, which are called "complete leaves", and those without petioles or stipules are called "incomplete leaves" There are also simple leaves and compound leaves. Leaves are the main body of leaves, mostly flaky, with large surface area to adapt to receiving light, communicating with the outside world and evapotranspiration of water. Its internal structure is divided into epidermis, mesophyll and vascular bundle. Chloroplast-rich mesophyll tissue is the place of photosynthesis; The epidermis plays a protective role, obtaining carbon dioxide from the outside through pores and releasing oxygen and water vapor to the outside; The vascular bundles distributed in leaves are called veins to ensure the transport of substances in leaves. The shape and structure of leaves are abnormal because they adapt to the environment and function.

Leaves can be divided into complete leaves and incomplete leaves. The leaves of each plant usually have a certain shape. Leaf shape is also one of the basis of classification, but observation should be based on the shape of most leaves. Leaves start from the leaf primordium of the growth cone at the tip of the stem. Leaves are extremely important organs for seed plants to produce organic matter. Leaves are divided into three parts: leaves, petioles and stipules.

Taking angiosperms as an example, the petiole is similar to the stem in structure, and consists of epidermis, cortex and vascular column. The basic structure of leaves consists of epidermis, mesophyll and veins.

Water in plants is lost to the atmosphere in the form of water vapor through the stomata of leaves.

The main functions of leaves are photosynthesis and transpiration.

Under the irradiation of sunlight, green plants absorb carbon dioxide and water from the outside, and use light energy to produce carbohydrate organic matter in chloroplasts and release oxygen. At the same time, light energy is converted into chemical energy and stored in the manufactured organic matter. This process is called photosynthesis. The reaction formula of photosynthesis can be expressed by the following formula:

The energy stored by carbohydrates comes from sunlight, so photosynthesis must have light.

The carbohydrate produced by photosynthesis is glucose at first, but glucose quickly becomes starch, which is temporarily stored in chloroplasts and then transported to various parts of plants.

Plants contain not only carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis, but also organic substances such as protein and fat. Protein and fat are mostly based on carbohydrates and are formed through complex changes. In the process of manufacturing protein, inorganic salts containing nitrogen are also needed as raw materials. Beck. com

The organic matter produced by photosynthesis is mostly transported to the storage organs of plants for storage, except for some used for building plants and respiratory consumption. The food and vegetables we eat are these stored organic matter. Therefore, the products of photosynthesis are not only necessary substances for plants' own life activities, but also directly or indirectly serve other organisms (including humans) and are used by these organisms. Oxygen produced by photosynthesis is also one of the sources of oxygen in the atmosphere.

The water absorbed by roots from soil into plants, except for a small part for plants to live and make organic matter by photosynthesis, is mostly turned into water vapor, which evaporates into the air through pores on leaves. This phenomenon is called transpiration.

Transpiration of leaves is closely related to the life of plants. Each plant has many leaves, with a large total area, which absorbs a lot of sunlight and is beneficial to photosynthesis. But plants absorb a lot of sunlight, which will make their body temperature rise continuously. If this heat is accumulated in large quantities, plants will be burned. During transpiration, a lot of water in leaves is continuously converted into steam, which takes away a lot of heat, thus lowering the body temperature of plants and ensuring their normal life. In addition, the transpiration of leaves can also promote the rise of water in plants and inorganic salts dissolved in water.

leaf

Shè

name

The name of the ancient city [Shecun]. In the south of Ye County, Henan Province. During the Spring and Autumn Period, it belonged to the territory of Chu State. Han Zhi county. Such as: Ye Xianfu (referring to the county magistrate who is deeply loved by the emperor)

(Today read yè) Last name. Ye Gong likes dragons (figuratively speaking, he likes something on the surface, but in fact he doesn't).

See also xié.

leaf spot

yébānéng

Leaf spot: Discolored parts on leaves due to parasitic fungal infection or environmental factors.

petiole

yébéng

"Petiole; Petiole: a handle that supports a leaf, usually cylindrical, sometimes flat or even curved.

sawfly

Yang

Sawflies: A family of insects. Adults are generally black, with a wide head, large compound eyes and whiplike, rod-shaped or serrated antennae.

Pretend to love what you are actually afraid of.

Yelv dashi

[likerodyewhoclaimedtobefound for dragonsbutwas mortally Africa of them] leaves, always reading her. Liu Hanxiang's "The New Sequence Miscellaneous Five": "Tall and good at dragons, hooked to write dragons, chiseled to write dragons, carved in the room to write dragons. So Long Fu heard it, peeked at it, and applied it to the hall. When Ye Gong saw a dragon, he turned around and ran away, scaring him like a lost soul, terrified and unable to control himself. Ye Gong is not a good dragon, and a good husband is like a dragon rather than a dragon. " Later, he claimed that he liked things with the metaphor of "Ye Gong Long Hao", but this was not a real hobby or even a fear.

renieratene

Yexun

"Red leaves are red"; See "Carotene"

leaf monkey

yèhóu

[langur]: Several long-tailed monkeys from Asia, together with proboscis monkeys and colobus monkeys from Africa, belong to the same family (colobus). They are slim, usually gray or brownish gray, with thick eyebrows and drooping chin hair.

Langur: Any of various langurs (langur langur) of eastern China.

xanthophyll

Yehuon

[Lutein] The yellow pigment in plants can carry out photosynthesis with chlorophyll.

chlorophyll

yèlǜsù

Chlorophyll

The green matter of plants, which is necessary for photosynthesis, usually exists in partitions and can only exist if there is light and iron in living cells. When extracting, a mixture of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b and different amounts of other pigments (such as carotene and lutein) are obtained.

Any of several fat-soluble pigments that make up this green substance.

impeller

Yelong

Impeller; Impeller: a wheel with blades, used to generate power or move a fluid.

Leaves fall to the roots-a person who lives elsewhere will eventually return to his ancestral home.

yèLuo-gug gun

"What comes from the soil will return to the soil; Fallingleeveswillreturnroots] metaphor does not forget the source. People living in other places will eventually return to their native land.

Leaves fall to their roots, and there is no mouth when they come. -Tang Huineng's "Six Ancestors Magic Weapon Tanjing Fu Shu Pin"

herbage

yèLuò-zh qi

"Fallen Leaves" When you see the leaves falling one by one, you will know that it is autumn. Metaphor can predict the development of things from the small changes in their development.

Autumn is known by fallen leaves, and three gifts are given. -Song Puji's "Five Lights Meeting Yuan"

leaf vein

Yemi

"Veins; [Veins] Botanical terms. Vascular bundles are distributed in mesophyll.

Leaf surface, divided into parallel veins and reticular veins.

Jemian

"Blade surface" propeller or rotor blade corresponding to the lower surface of the rising wing.

blade

Yepian

Blade: a plane or curved surface exposed to airflow, airflow or liquid flow and driven by airflow or liquid flow to rotate around an axis.

Leaf: The broad, flat part of a plant leaf.

leaf sheath

Jeccio

Leaf sheath: the part of rice, wheat, barnyard grass and other leaves that wrap the stem.

mesophyll

hello

"mesophyll; 【 Leaves without veins 】: The tissue between the upper and lower epidermis of leaves is mainly composed of parenchyma cells except vascular bundles (veins).

folic acid

yèsuān

Folic acid crystalline pteroyl glutamic acid C 19H 19N7O6 belongs to vitamin B family and is used to treat nutritional anemia and stomatitis diarrhea.

Leaf beet

Where are you?

Leaf beet is a biennial herb (beet) with long petiole, smooth and shiny leaves, thick mesophyll and brown fruit. It is a high-yield feed crop. The tender leaves are slightly sweet and can be eaten as vegetables. Some areas are called cowhide vegetables or thick-skinned vegetables.

phyllotaxy

yèxù

"blade arrangement"; Leaf order: the arrangement of leaves on the stem, such as alternate, opposite and whorled.

leaf

Yaya yaya

Leaves with leaves.

Communication between leaves. -"Yutai Xinyi, ancient poetry is Jiao Zhongqing's wife"

Auxiliary bud

Yaya yaya

["leaf axil"] The interior where the basal stem of a leaf meets the stem.

leaf branch

Yeats

"Leaf branches" (fruit trees or cotton) are on plants that only grow leaves and do not bear fruit.

leaf

yèzi

[leaf; Leaf: the general term for plant leaves. One of the vegetative organs of plants, obliquely growing on branches and stems, is responsible for assimilation, respiration and evaporation, and is generally divided into three parts: leaves, petioles and stipules.

[Leaves] [Dialect]: Playing cards

[Leaf]: In ancient times, it refers to the pages of a book.

◆ Ye surname ranking

At present, Ye's surname ranks 49th among the most popular 100 surnames in China, especially in Fujian, Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Jiangxi. Overseas, Singapore, Malaysia and the Philippines are the most, and the Chinese surnamed Ye have spread all over the world.

◆ The origin of surname

Ye Ye's surname comes from four sources:

1, from the Mi family, later descended from Zhuan Xu, taking the feudal city as the surname. According to materials such as Tongzhi Yi Tong, Tongzhi Imperial Clan takes the city as its surname, Shen Zhuliang, a descendant of Zhuan Xu, is also known as Ye Gong, who is in the idiom Ye Gong Long Hao. His real name is Shen Zhuliang, the son of Sajima Shen Yinxu of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. He is outstanding in talent. During the reign of King Hui of Chu, he was appointed as the chief executive of Ye Yi, a city in northern Chu. Ye Gong built a water conservancy project in Ye Yi, which greatly improved the local living environment, and the people of Ye Yi were reluctant to wear it. He put down Bai Gong's rebellion, held an important position and did not love power. He bravely retired to Ye Yi. Later generations took Yi as their surname, Ye Zudi and Ye Zudi as their ancestors.

2, from the leaf hanging pot. Yediao is an ancient country name, and his hometown is in Java or Sumatra in Indonesia today. In the sixth year of the Eastern Han Dynasty, envoys were sent to China to establish friendly relations. Most immigrants from Ye Diao's country came to China with Ye as their surname, which is called bamboo silk.

3. It comes from the ancient surname of China. "Yang Ye" and "Doctor Ye" in China's ancient surnames are not seen today. According to the rule that two-character surnames and three-character surnames were changed to single-character surnames, the surnames of Dr. Ye were later changed to Ye's surnames.

4. Ye's family from other lineages and ethnic minorities:

According to the research of surnames, there are many people with Ye as their surnames in Rinan County (now Vietnam), an ancient southern minority in China. For example, in the Spring and Autumn Period, Ye Xiong, a native of the State of Wu, was a descendant of the southern minorities.

(2) The Nala, Yelehe and De 'anghai nationalities of Manchu, as well as the aborigines, Yi, Mongolian, Tujia, Xibe, Baoan, Hui and Miao nationalities in Taiwan Province Province all have Ye surnames.

Zu: Ye. In ancient times, Lu Zhong, a descendant of Zhuan Xu, had six sons, and the youngest son was named Ji Lian. The descendants of Ji Lian used to be Zhou Wenwang's teacher, who was hunted by Zhou Chengwang in Jingshan (present-day western Hubei). When the People's Republic of China was founded, it was Jing, with Danyang as its capital, then moved to Ying, and changed its name to Chu. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Xu, our great grandson, was Yin of Shenxian County (now Linquan County, Anhui Province) when King Chu Ping was king, and his successor was Shen Shi. Sakima, the successor of Chu, was respected by Chu people for his integrity and hatred. In the eighteenth year of King Zhao of Chu (498 BC), he died heroically in the war with Wu Jun, so he sealed his son as Yin. Inheriting his father's footsteps, pacifying the white rebellion, benefiting the king of Chu, and making great contributions to Chu. He was named Nanyang people and Ye Gong, and the world respected him as Ye Gong. Later generations took the city as their surname and were honored as the ancestor of Ye. Because of its large font, later generations used to call it Gaoye.

◆ Migration distribution

1. After his death, during the Warring States Period, the State of Qin destroyed Chu. In order to avoid the disaster of genocide, one or several of his descendants changed Shen to Ye and respected him as their ancestors, and moved to Hejian, Hebei, Yongzhou, Shaanxi and Xiapi, Jiangsu. This is why Ye County is Ye's ancestral home, but there are not many Ye people, and most Ye in Henan moved south to return home.

2. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, because all ethnic minorities had won the Central Plains, some descendants of Ye who migrated to Shaanxi and Hebei moved south and some returned to the Central Plains. At this time, the concept of aristocratic family represented by "Nanyang Ye" was formed.

3. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, leaves migrated most frequently. This time, due to many branches, the migration is uncertain. Some of them avoided the chaos in the late Tang Dynasty, and some of them went south to be officials in the Song Dynasty. One of them moved from Ye County, Henan Province to Gushi, Guangshan and other places, which had a great influence on the migration after Ye. Ye Ang, Ye Ting, who moved to Fujian at the end of the Song Dynasty, became the ancestors of Ye surnames such as An Bing, Foling and Lianxi. Ye, who lives in Xiapi, also moved to Shuozhou and Ningbo in Zhejiang. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, a large number of celebrities named Ye emerged, and Ye became a famous surname in the south of the Yangtze River.

4. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the rise of western industrial civilization, people with lofty ideals in coastal areas went overseas to develop, including many famous people. Many people crossed the sea to Taiwan Province Province in the Ming Dynasty, and even more people went to Taiwan Province Province to start businesses in the Qing Dynasty. It can be said that there is not a Hakka named Ye in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Guangdong who does not develop in the sea. Ye, who lives in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, is his descendant. Ye has a population of more than 200,000 in Taiwan Province, ranking 20th among the major surnames.

5. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Ye descendants from coastal areas, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan began to develop in Southeast Asian countries, especially in Singapore, Malaysia, the Philippines and other places, and Ye sages and elites also appeared in the United States, Canada, Australia and Japan. Ah Loy Yap, who lives in Malaysia, has become a big family in Malaysia.

At present, Ye has experienced thousands of years of reproduction, and has already traveled all over the world. Especially in Fujian, Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and other places with the largest population and densest distribution. Overseas, Singapore, Malaysia and the Philippines are the most, and the Chinese surnamed Ye have spread all over the world. Ye's surname ranks forty-ninth among the hundred surnames in China today, with a large population, accounting for about 0.4 1% of the Han population in China.

◆ Historical celebrities

Ye Shi: A native of Yongjia, Wenzhou (present-day Zhejiang), a materialist philosopher and thinker in Song Dynasty, a master of Yongjia School, assistant minister of rites, and works such as Xue Ji and Collected Works of Mr. Shui Xin.

Ye Xin, a native of Songjiang, Shanghai, was a famous painter in Qing Dynasty and one of the "Eight Schools of Jinling".

Ye Xie: Born in Wujiang (now Jiangsu), he was a writer in Qing Dynasty, good at poetics, and wrote The Original Poem and other books.

Ye Zi: Yiyang, Hunan, a modern novelist. His works include Harvest, Night in a Mountain Village and Stars.

Ye Ting: a native of Huiyang, Guangdong, a proletarian strategist in China and one of the founders of the People's Liberation Army in China. He led the "August 1st" Nanchang Uprising and participated in the Guangzhou Uprising. Later, he served as the commander of the New Fourth Army and was killed in a plane crash.

Ye: A famous painter in the Song Dynasty, his works are mostly based on the customs of Tianjia in the south of the Yangtze River. Ye Mengde: A famous litterateur in Wuxian County in Song Dynasty, he was a senior official of the Ministry of Finance, and he wrote books such as Biography of Stone Forest in the Spring and Autumn Period, Collection of Literati in Jiankang Stone Forest, Stone Forest Ci and Stone Forest Poetry.

Ye: A native of Fuqing, Fujian Province, he was an official during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. He was a scholar of Dongge, a prime minister in Guangzong, a loyal minister with integrity and honesty, and he wrote a book "Lecture". Xianzu Ye: A native of Yuyao, Zhejiang Province, was a dramatist in the Ming Dynasty. There are seven kinds of legends and twenty-four kinds of zaju.

Ye: Longquan (present-day Zhejiang), a scholar in Ming Dynasty, is the author of four volumes of Caomuzi.

Ye: Wujiang (now Jiangsu) was a writer in the Ming Dynasty, and his works include Ye Tian Zhong.

Ye: Guangxi native, general of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, was killed in the battle between Anqing and Xiang Army.

Ye Gongchuo, a native of Panyu, Guangdong, was a teacher at Hubei Agricultural School and Dialect School. He once supported Yuan Shikai as emperor, and later served in the Kuomintang. He wrote Yuan Anjiang's Draft and On Saving the Country by Traffic.

Ye Chuchen: A native of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province, joined the League in his early years and participated in the establishment of National Daily. Later, he became an important member of the Kuomintang, and served as the chairman of the Kuomintang Jiangsu provincial government and the vice president of the Kuomintang government legislative yuan.

Ye Shengtao: a native of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, is a famous writer and educator. He used to be a member of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), deputy director of the General Administration of Publication, deputy minister of education and editor-in-chief of People's Publishing House.

Ye Jianying: A native of Meixian County, Guangdong Province, a famous proletarian revolutionary and strategist, and one of the top ten marshals of China People's Liberation Army. In his early years, he served as deputy director of the professor department of Huangpu Military Academy, and later participated in the Northern Expedition and led the Guangzhou Uprising. After liberation, he served as an important leader of the party and the country.

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