Among the most popular surnames in Danyang, where does the surname Mao come from?

The birthplace of the surname Mao is the Mao Kingdom, which was acquired by the son of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty. According to people's research, the location of Mao Kingdom is in the area of ??Yiyang, Henan today. Taking this as its origin, the Mao surname spread and multiplied step by step, and soon developed in Xihe, Shanxi (today's Yangcheng area, Shanxi) and Xingyang, Henan. Later, it was used as the center and spread throughout the country.

Another source of the surname Mao is that King Wu of Zhou Dynasty granted Dan Dan to Maoyi, which is now the Lingbao area of ??Yiyang, Henan. Dan was a son of King Wen of Zhou, an earl, and was known as Bo Dan. His descendants also took Yi as their surname. These two Mao surnames actually come from the same origin, and they are both descendants of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty.

This descendant of King Wen of Zhou has appeared in many famous figures in the history of our country. The earlier ones were Mao Gongheng of the Zhou Dynasty, and later Mao Sui of the Warring States Period, as well as the "Big Mao Gong" Mao Heng and "Little Mao Gong" Mao Chang who passed down the Book of Songs.

2. Changes of the Mao surname

During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the surname Mao was also joined by people of ethnic minority descent. This is what "Surnames·Talks" says: "The Di chieftains also had the Mao surname. , Fu Jian will have Mao Gui, see "Later Qin Lu" "The Mao family who lived in the north moved south to various places in the south of the Yangtze River. According to later scholars' research, it was around the Han and Tang Dynasties. A group of people surnamed Mao moved from the Central Plains to what is now Longcheng, Jizhou, Jiangxi (Jishui, Jiangxi), and then developed and multiplied here. Some of them moved to Lancangwei (now Lancang County) in Yunnan under the leadership of Mao Taihua. After the founding of the Ming Dynasty, Mao Taihua led his eldest son Mao Qingyi and fourth son Mao Qingsi to the north to serve as officials and lived in the north of Xiangxiang County, Hunan. Feizijiao outside the door (near today's Xiangxiang Railway Station). More than ten years later, Mao Qingyi and Mao Qingsi moved to the 39th capital of Xiangtan (today's Shaoshan) and finally settled here. Soon, another group of people with the surname Mao moved here under the leadership of Mao Mingchuan. From then on, the above-mentioned two groups of people with the surname Mao lived and multiplied in the area of ??Shaoshan, Hunan Province today, working hard and cultivating silently. It was not until 20 generations passed down from Mao Taihua that Mao Zedong, an outstanding figure who rewrote Chinese history, emerged.

Today, in terms of population, the surname Mao ranks 76th among the 100 most popular surnames.

3. Maoist celebrities

The earliest Maoist celebrity should be the well-known strategist-Mao Sui. Mao Sui was a native of the Zhao State during the Warring States Period. He was a diner under the Pingyuan Emperor and was never taken seriously. In the ninth year of King Zhao Xiaocheng's reign (257 B.C.), Qin besieged Handan. Lord Pingyuan came to Chu for help, and he volunteered to go with him. Lord Pingyuan negotiated with the King of Chu, but failed to achieve anything. At the critical moment, Mao Sui stepped forward with his sword and said that he was powerful, convincing the King of Chu to agree to the alliance between Zhao and Chu. Zhao Sheng, Lord of Pingyuan, sighed at this and said: "Sheng dare not return to the Xiangshi. There are thousands of Shengxiangs and hundreds of few. He thought he had not lost the world's scholars, but now he has lost them to Mr. Mao. Mr. Mao As soon as he arrived in Chu, he sent Zhao Zhong to Jiuding Dalu. With his three-inch tongue, he was stronger than a million soldiers." From then on, Mao Sui stood out and was treated as a distinguished guest by Lord Pingyuan.

At the time of Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty, a painter named Mao Yanshou emerged. Legend has it that Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty had too many concubines, so he ordered Mao Yanshou and others to paint the images of the palace ladies for the emperor to choose from. Many palace ladies tried to bribe the painters in order to favor Emperor Yuan, but only Wang Qiang and Wang Zhaojun refused to do such a thing. As a result, she failed to see the emperor. Later, when the Han Dynasty made peace with the Xiongnu, Wang Zhaojun was selected and prepared to go to the north of Saibei to become the wife of the Xiongnu king. When he was leaving, Emperor Yuan summoned him and found that her appearance was the best among the palace people. However, since she had promised the Xiongnu, she could only reluctantly part ways with her; later, Emperor Yuan carefully investigated the matter and beheaded Mao Yanshou and others and abandoned them in the market.

During the Western Han Dynasty, two poets, Mao Heng and Mao Chang, appeared. Mao Heng is said to be a native of Lu in the Western Han Dynasty (the county governs the area around today's Qufu, Shandong Province), and the other is said to be from Hejian (the county governs the southeastern part of Xianxian County, Hebei Province today). It is said that he was the founder of the "Mao Poetry School" of ancient classics. He once wrote "The Biography of Mao's Poems" and taught Mao Chang, and he was known as the "Da Mao Gong" in history. Mao Chang was a native of Zhao in the Western Han Dynasty (the county is now southwest of Handan, Hebei Province). It is said that his poetry was passed down from Mao Heng. He was a doctor of Xianwang in Hejian and was known as "Little Mao Gong" in history.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Mao Gui (? ~ 1359), a general of the peasant uprising army named Mao. In the spring of the third year of Longfeng (1357), he led his troops to conquer Jiaozhou and Laizhou (today's Ye County, Shandong), and then invaded Yidu via the sea route. In the summer, Liu Futong divided his army into three groups to sweep the north. He led the Eastern Route Army and conquered Qingzhou, Cangzhou, Changlu, Jinan and other places in the following year. He established a hospital and selected officials. He established a farm and stipulated that two out of ten official and civilian fields should be levied for military supplies. . He turned to conquer Jizhou (governing Ji County of Jin City today), aiming directly at Yuandu, and the court was shaken. He was later killed by Zhao Junyong.

In the Ming Dynasty, there was a bibliophile named Mao Jin (1599-1659), whose courtesy name was Zijin and whose nickname was Qianqian; his original name was Fengbao, whose courtesy name was Zijiu. A native of Changshu, Jiangsu. The collection of books amounts to more than 84,000 volumes, which is almost as many as Mr. Mao Zedong’s later collection. Mao and Jin collected many books from the Song and Yuan dynasties, and built Jigu Pavilion and Mugong Tower to store them. He once edited and engraved the "Thirteen Classics", "Seventeen Histories", "Secretary of Jintide", "Sixty Kinds of Music", etc., and was the person who engraved the most private books in the past dynasties. Haochaolu is a rare secret book with excellent writing and is called "Maochao" by later generations. He is the author of "Yinhu Inscriptions and Postscripts" and compiled "Mao Shi Lu Shu Guang Yao".

Compare "History of Ming Dynasty" and "History of Song Dynasty". There are many more people named Mao in the "History of the Ming Dynasty" than in the History of the Song Dynasty. From this, it can be seen that the surname Mao became more and more developed in the later years.

Here are some other important Mao figures recorded in the "History of the Ming Dynasty" as follows to give a glimpse:

Mao Yu: The son of Yunnan Youwei Army, Jinshi in the 18th year of Hongzhi (1505), appointed as Nanjing Among the official officials, many of them had political achievements. They died in prison and were given to Guanglu Shaoqing. His ancestors must have fled from Jizhou to Yunnan Province at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, probably after Mao Taihua, because when Mao Taihua moved to Hunan, he only had two sons with him.

Mao Bowen: An Ruli, a native of Jishui, Jiangxi Province, was a Jinshi in the third year of Zhengde (1508), and served as censor, Dali Temple prime minister, minister of the Ministry of Industry, and Taibao of the prince. "The Genealogy of the Mao Family" says that "in the 21st generation, it was passed down to Bowen Gong, the Crown Prince Taibao, and the Minister of the Ministry of War." This shows that he is related to the Mao surname in Shaoshan. The "twenty-first generation" here is counted from Mao Rang, the ancestor of the Mao family in Jishui, Jiangxi and Minister of Industry of the Song Dynasty, and from Mao Rang to Mao Bowen (Northern Song Dynasty to the middle and late Ming Dynasty), which lasted about 500 years.

Mao Kai: A native of Jiangshan, Zhejiang (belonging to Quzhou), he was a Jinshi in the 14th year of Jiajing (1535), a censor, and the crown prince's Taibao.

Mao Wenlong: A native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, he made a living as a fortune teller when he was young. He learned Sun Wu's art of war and was good at talking about war. In May of the first year of Tianqi, he led nearly 200 soldiers, crossed the sea for 3,000 miles, and entered the tiger's den. He captured the rebel general Tong Yangzhen and his son in Zhenjiang, and recovered hundreds of miles of land in Liaodong in one fell swoop. It was known as the "Great Victory of Zhenjiang" in history. Later, he led his troops to retreat to Pi Island near the mouth of the Yalu River, and was subsequently promoted to the rank of commander-in-chief. In the sixth year of Tianqi (1626), Mao Wenlong attacked Yongning during the Ningyuan War, forcing Hou Jin to return to Shenyang. In the seventh year of the Apocalypse (1627), during the Ningjin War, Mao Wenlong attacked Changcheng and Liaoyang, and Huang Taiji was forced to withdraw his troops. The Dongjiang Town he founded stood majestically behind enemy lines and became a nail in the back of Hou Jin's long-distance operations, restricting the pace of Hou Jin's southern invasion for a long time.

Mao Shilong: A native of Yixing, Jiangsu Province, he was a Jinshi in the 41st year of Wanli (1613). He was promoted to an official position in Hangzhou, assigned to Shizhong in the criminal department, and censor of Zuo Qiandu. There are also Mao Yujian from Gong'an County in Hubei, Mao Ji from Yuyao in Zhejiang, Mao Hong from Deng County in Henan, Mao Cheng from Kunshan in Jiangsu, Mao Ji from Ye County in Shandong, etc. They were all Jinshi and held important positions in the court.

In the Qing Dynasty, several influential writers named Mao emerged.

Mao Xianshu (1620～1688), a writer in the early Qing Dynasty. His courtesy name is Zhihuang, also known as Chihuang. He was born in Qiantang, Zhejiang (now Hangzhou). Everyone lives in the Ming Dynasty, and does not seek official advancement after the Ming Dynasty dies. He once engaged in phonology research and was also good at poetry and prose. He was as famous as Mao Qiling and Mao Ji. He was called "the three heroes in Zhejiang Province and the three literary heroes" at that time. There are "Yishu", "Si Gu Tang Ji", "Shi Bian Di", "General Guide to Rhyme", "Nanqu Zhengyun", etc.

Mao Qiling (1623～1713), a Qing Dynasty scholar and writer. The courtesy name is Dake, the nickname is Chuqing, and the county title is Xihe. He is a native of Xiaoshan, Zhejiang Province. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, he served as reviewer of the Hanlin Academy and editor of the Ming History Museum. He studied classics, history and phonology, and wrote "The Correction of Errors in the Four Books", which criticized Zhu Xi's "Collected Commentary on the Four Books", which was used to select scholars through the imperial examination at that time. Able to write prose and poetry, and engage in theoretical criticism of poetry, including "Xihe Poetry Talk" and "Xihe Poetry Talk". He also mastered music and rhythm, and wrote "Jingshan Music Record" and other works, and his works were compiled into "Xihe Collection".

Mao Zonggang: a critic of novels in the early Qing Dynasty, Zi Xushi, a native of Changzhou (now Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province), once commented on "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", revised Luo Guanzhong's original version, reorganized the review, revised the diction, and deleted some elements. Commenting on praise, adding and deleting trivial matters, and changing poems, it has become a popular 120-chapter version today. In its revisions and comments, based on Zhu Xi's "Tongjian Gangmu", the feudal orthodox concept of respecting Liu and deposing Cao was strengthened. The artistic analysis also used eight-legged prose, which was consistent with the habits of the Commentary School at that time.

Judging from the Mao people listed above, most people with Mao names before the Song Dynasty came from the Shaanxi area in the Yellow River Basin. From the Song to the Qing Dynasty, most people with Mao names came from the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In Chinese history, the surname Mao is not a common surname, but it is very active. Talents have emerged from generation to generation, and with the migration of surnames, the focus of talents is also constantly changing.

Up to modern times, the Mao surname who moved to Hunan experienced hundreds of years of development, accumulated wisdom and majesty, and finally emerged under the pressure of the times, and a generation of great man Mao Zedong emerged.