Why was Cao Cao defeated by Liu Bei in the battle of Hanzhong when his troops were obviously superior?

I don't know much about the battle of Hanzhong, but I think Cao Cao has no advantage in this battle, and Liu Bei's victory seems to have no advantage.

First, Cao Cao's immigration made him suffer a lot.

After Cao Cao got Hanzhong from Zhang Lu, he married his children and in-laws, but Cao Cao was not at ease. On the one hand, he greatly raised Zhang Lu, on the other hand, he had to guard against Zhang Lu's rebellion again. After all, people's hearts were always changeable during the Three Kingdoms period.

Therefore, Cao Cao prepared to make a radical move, first moving Zhang Lujia from Hanzhong, and then moving the population of Hanzhong to Guanzhong in batches.

It was a big project in ancient times. The counties and counties where people pass by should take care of their meals, and be careful of these people's rebellion, which is very costly. On the one hand, Cao Cao's logistics should ensure that these people can reach their destination safely with food, on the other hand, it should ensure that the army will not be cut off from supplies when it dies with food.

Moreover, the ancient people were very attached to their homeland, and many people were unwilling to move away at all. People's hearts are unstable, and minor riots occur from time to time. However, the benefits of moving people are enormous. Cao Cao has decided that moving people must never give up halfway, so he will not take advantage of Liu Bei's battle.

This is also Liu Bei's advantage. If Cao Cao hadn't moved the people, then Liu Bei with big ears would never take advantage of Hanzhong.

Second, Cao Cao didn't want to fight Liu Bei to the end in Hanzhong.

Liu Bei shouted: cao thief is coming to fight.

Cao: Knit a wool and wait for my son Cao Zhang to fuck you to death.

Cao Zhang heard that his father called him and rushed to Hanzhong, only to find that his father had gone home.

It can be seen from this incident that Cao Cao didn't really want to hit Liu Bei.

For Cao Cao at that time, population was more strategic than Hanzhong. Guanzhong is vast and sparsely populated, and the logistics supply line of Cao Cao's every battle is particularly long. Therefore, it is too much for Cao Cao to be moving and Cao Cao to fight while moving. So he took the initiative to move people while passively fighting. You can't have your cake and eat it.

If Cao Cao hadn't moved people from Hanzhong, then Cao Cao would have fought Liu Bei in Hanzhong to the end.

However, everyone has their own views on this matter. Some people think that Cao Cao was defeated, and in order not to lose face, he said that he was a strategic victory. Others think that this is because Cao Cao chooses one of the two. For example, I prefer the latter.