The difference between Koryo and Koguryo

There is a big difference. The duration, nationality and historical orientation of political power are completely different. You can see the link below for a detailed introduction.

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Goryeo

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Korea, referred to as Li for short, was a kingdom (9 18-1392) located on the Korean peninsula in East Asia in the Middle Ages, which was founded by Wang Jian. China was one of the provinces in the Yuan Dynasty, and it was called "a province in China". In order to avoid being confused with Koguryo, it is in North Korea, also known as Wang.

catalogue

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* 1 history

* Two Koryo Kings

* Three administrative divisions of Korea.

* 4 Please refer to

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history

After 9 18 years, Koguryo bowed to King Wang Jianwei, overthrew King Gong, and moved his capital to his hometown of Song Yue, renamed Jing Kai (now Kaesong, Korea) and Korea. Silla was destroyed in 935, Baekje was destroyed in 936, and the Korean dynasty was established.

After the establishment of the Koryo dynasty, it adopted the royal system of Middle-earth countries, which was quite different from the feudal system adopted by the Korean dynasty later, which was lower than that of China. For example:

* The capital is called "Imperial Capital";

* The imperial palace in the capital is called the "Imperial City";

* The king's orders are called "imperial edicts";

* The heir of the king is called "Prince", not "Wang Shizi" or "Zi Yuan";

* The king's mother is called "Empress Dowager", not "big princess" of the Korean dynasty.

* The official system is the same as that of the Central Plains, including Shangshu Province, Zhongshu Province, Liubu and Privy Council.

* A.D. 1275, the Yuan Dynasty ordered Korea to change its official rank, with Shangshu and Zhongshu provinces as the House of Representatives, Privy Council as the Secretariat, Yushitai as the Procuratorial Department, Official Department and Ritual Department as the Canon Department, Punishment Department as the Canon Department, with the approval of praise and flat chapter, being alone for me, showing it to me, and so on. At the same time, the temple name system in Korea was abolished.

In 993, North Korea was defeated by Liao, and was forced to break off relations with the Northern Song Dynasty and surrender to Liao. Since then, in order to prevent invasion, South Korea has built the Great Wall in the north. 1 127 was forced to surrender to the state of Jin. 1 135, the "Miao Qing Uprising" occurred in Xijing Pyongyang, which triggered a nationwide peasant uprising.

During the resistance against the Khitan and Jurchen, the military strength increased greatly. 1 170 and 1 173 witnessed two coups, led by military commander Zheng Zhongfu. The coup deposed the king, killed noble civil servants, and finally established the "Du Fang" regime with military commander Cui Zhongxian as hostage. 123 1 year, Mongolian troops attacked Korea, and the king and royal family moved their capital to Jianghua Island. North Korea copied the rebels to resist the Mongols until 1273. 1258, Cui Zhengquan crossed Taiwan and Wang surrendered to Mongolia. Became a vassal state of the Yuan Dynasty, and the great scholar Huachi was stationed in Kaesong to supervise state affairs. 1359 The Red Scarf Army invaded Korea.

1368, the Ming Dynasty overthrew the Yuan Dynasty, 1387, Zhu Yuanzhang tried to recover the territory of the former Northeast Yuan Dynasty. Korean king still attached to the Mongolian remnant Beiyuan, refused to return it, and sent Li Chenggui to attack Liaodong. Li Chenggui opposes sending troops and launching a coup. 1392 deposed the king in Kaesong, renamed Korea, and Korea perished.

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Korean king in past dynasties

This entry needs to be cleaned up or rewritten to meet higher quality standards.

See how to edit the page, format guide and discussion page of this entry.

* Emperor Jian, Saint Mao Wang, reigned from 877 to 943, 9 18? In 943

King Wu Wang of Hui Zong reigned in 943? In 945

Yao Wang, the civilized king of Dingzong, reigned from 923 to 949. 949

Wang Zhao, King Guangzong, reigned from 925 to 975 in 949? 975

* from 955 to 98 1 year, Jing Zong was the king and reigned for 975 years? 98 1 year

Emperor Wen Yi ruled from 960 to 997, and his reign time was 98 1 year? 997

* from 980 to 1009, he was king and reigned in 997? 1009

* Wang Xun, Emperor of Yuan Dynasty, 99 1 year ~ 103 1 year, reigned10/year? 103 1 year

* Dezong Jingkang Wang Qinwang 10 16 ~ 1034, in office 103 1 year? 1034

* During the reign of Jing Zongrong and Wang Hui Wang Heng 10 18 ~ 1046, 1035? 1046

* Emperor Wen Zong Xiao Zong's Royal Emblem 10 19 ~ 1083, in place 1046 ~ 1083.

* Wang Xun, Shunzong Xuanhui Wang, 1047 ~ 1083, in office 1083.

* Xuanzong Xiao Si Wang Yun 1049 ~ 1094, and his reign was 1083 ~ 1094.

* Sacrifice to ancestor Wang Yu, 1084 ~ 1097, in office 1094 ~ 1095.

* Su Xiaoshun1054 ~105, in office1095 ~105.

* Wang Kun, Zong Rui Wendi,1079 ~122, in office1105 ~122.

* Renzong Gongxiao Wang Kai1109 ~1146, in office for1123 ~146.

* Zong Yi Zhuang Wang Xiao Wang Yi was1127 ~1173, and his reign was1146 ~170.

* Wang Fang, mingzong Xiaoguang,11year ~ 1202, reigned1170 ~1/97.

* Emperor Xiao Jing Wang Chang, a deity, 1 144 ~ 1204, in office 1 197 ~ 1204.

* Xizong became the filial piety king Wang Huan 1 18 1 year ~ 1237 years, and his reign was1204 ~12/year.

* Xiao Wang, also known as Zhen1152 ~ 12 13 years, was in office121year ~12.

* Gao Zongxiao Wang Gang 1 192 ~ 1259, in office 12 13 ~ 1259.

* Wang Guan, Shun Xiaowang, Yuan Zong, 12 19 ~ 1274, in office for 1260 ~ 1274.

* Wang Shen, king of the brave, 1236 ~ 1308, in office 1274 ~ 1308.

* Zhang Wang, loyal Wang Xuan, 1275 ~ 1325, in office 1298,1308 ~13.

* Wang Dao, loyal to Wang Su, 1294 ~ 1339, in office131330, 1332 ~ 1339.

* Wang Zhen, Zhongjun, 13 15 ~ 1344, in office 1330 ~ 1332, 1339 ~ 1344.

* Mu Zhongjun, 1337 ~ 1348, in office 1344 ~ 1348.

* Wang Ji, loyal to the monarch, was named "Mistaken-Supervising Dolce" in Mongolia 1337 ~ 1352, and was in office 1349 ~ 135 1 year.

* Wang Qi, king of Gongcheng, 1330 ~ 1374, in office 135 1 year ~ 1374.

* Wang Xinwei was 1365 ~ 1389, and his reign time was 1374 ~ 1388.

* Xinchang, Chang Wang, 1380 ~ 1389, in office 1388 ~ 1389.

* Yao Yao, King Gong Jean, is 1345~ 1394. During his reign 1389~ 1392, he was the sixth grandson of Zongshen, the fifth grandson of Xiangyang and the fourth grandson of Angong.

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Administrative divisions of Korea

* Twenty-three years of Taizu: Erjing, Liufu, Jiujie and 120 counties.

* In the second year of his reign, there were 12 animal husbandry in 12 states, including Yang, Guang, Huang, Hai, Shang, Jin, China, Africa, Gong, Quan, Luo and Sheng, with 128 states and 491 counties and seven counties;

O Kyoto Kaichengfu introduces Chixian 6 and Jixian 7 (one cloud, one county and twelve counties)

Aguan Island covers 20 Kyushu and 82 counties (there are 64 counties) such as Yangguang and Huanghai.

Zhongyuan Daoling, Zhongli, etc. 13, 42 counties (actually 25 counties)

Eleven States and thirty-four counties (actually forty-six counties) such as Daoling Gongyun in Henan Province.

O Lingnan Road leads to Shangzhou, etc. 12 States and 48 counties (there are actually 56 counties).

Aling Dong Dao Ling Qing Jin and other thirty-five counties in Kyushu (one cloud forty-eight counties) (real forty-one counties)

O Shannan Province leads Shanxi, Shaanxi and other ten states and thirty-seven counties (actually thirty-one counties).

Ma Chun and other 43 counties in Kyushu.

O Haiyang Road leads the light to 62 counties in 14 states including Cyndi Luo, Shengbei and Tan Lang.

Sixty-two counties in seven states including Shuofang Road, Chunjiao and Deng Yue.

O Shen Xi Road takes Xijing counties as the road, connecting 14 states, 4 counties and 7 counties.

* Xianzong abolished twelve festivals in three years and changed to five capitals. In the ninth year of Xianzong (A.D. 10 10), it was renamed Sanjing, Hu Sidu and Yagi, with 56 counties, 28 generals and 20 county decrees. Sijing, Bamu, Wujia, 129 County, 334 County and 29 Tomb are designated as five roads and two boundaries: Yangguang Road, Shang Qing Road, Jeolla Road, Jiaozhou Road, Xihai Road, East Boundary and North Boundary.

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See.

* Korean history

Korean peninsula dynasty

Tan Jun Korea | Jizi Korea | Wei Man Korea | Koguryo | Jiadi | Silla | Baekje | Bohai Kingdom | Houbaekje | Koguryo | Korea | Lee Korea

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From "blog.org/wiki/%E9% AB% 98% E9% BA% 97"

Page Classification: Wikipedia Cleanup | Korean History | Korean Peninsula Dynasty

Koguryo

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Li (37 BC-668 AD) also wrote Koguryo. It is a nation-state located in the northeast of China and the north of the Korean Peninsula in ancient times. The nationalities are mainly Fuxi and ancient Koreans (such as Ai, Han, Nuzhen, Xianbei, etc.) living in the northeast of China and the Korean Peninsula. Because of its special geographical location, Koguryo's territory spans China and Korea today, and both sides claim that Koguryo belongs to their own primitive nation.

catalogue

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* 1 history

* 2 Debate

* 3 world cultural heritages

* 4 external links

* 5 See.

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history

In 37 BC, it was built by widow Zhu Meng (also known as King Zou). At first, it was built in Ge Sheng Gucheng (now Wunvshan City, Huanren Manchu Autonomous County, eastern Liaoning Province, China). This place belonged to Koguryo County, Xuantu County, China in the Han Dynasty. It is still controversial whether the country name and nationality name were formed because of this county name, or whether the county name was determined because the Koguryo people were first formed. There is no doubt, however, that Koguryo originated in the counties of China in the Han Dynasty.

After the founding of Zhu Meng, the boiling country (in the present Fur River basin) declined. In 32 BC, he sent troops to conquer the southeast of Changbai Mountain (about Cijiang Road in North Korea today). In 28 BC, the northern Japanese colony (now Tumen River Basin) was conquered by force.

When Liuli (Zhu Mengzi, whose real name is Li Lei) was attacked by Fuxi and Xianbei, he moved the city from Ge Sheng Gucheng to the inner city (now Ji 'an, Jilin) and began to send troops to invade Liang Qi (now the upper reaches of Taizi River). In 22 AD, he led his troops to attack Fuyu and killed his king Su Dai. More than 1 10,000 Fuxi people will be settled in China in the future. Then in AD 26, Gaima was annexed (in the area of Wolf Forest Mountain in present-day Korea), and its king was killed, and its land was taken as the county. The neighboring tea king came to this country in the same year.

In 53 AD, Gong succeeded to the throne (called Taizu or Zu) and captured Dongwoju every two years (also called Nanwoju, in the north-south road of Hamgyong in present-day Korea). Later, it captured a part of Dongshe (now gangwon, Korea) and extended to the Sea of Japan, forcing Fuyu to be called tribute. In order to occupy the densely populated and rich products in Liaodong area, the imperial palace and subsequent kings expanded to Liaodong area, which was repeatedly hit by the Gongsun family, Cao Wei family and Murong family in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and was on the verge of extinction several times.

In 3 13, Goguryeo annexed Le Lang County, a territory before the Han Dynasty, but its further development to the south was strongly resisted. In 369, he sent 20,000 troops to invade Baekje and suffered a crushing defeat. In 37 1 year, Baekje sent troops to the north and surrounded Pyongyang. So, the former monarch (named Si You, also known as Zhao) went out of the city and refused to fight, and Zhong Gu died. From the imperial palace to about 200 years ago, the development of Koguryo suffered another setback.

In order to revive the foundation, after Qiu Fu succeeded to the throne, he focused on internal affairs: advocating Buddhism and unifying his thoughts; Build another school. After more than ten years of governance, the economy has developed and the military strength has increased. In 384, Yilian (the king of the old country) became king, and began to develop outward the following year. Especially after Tan De (An An, known as King Guangkai, also known as King Tai Hao) ascended the throne, he plundered and annexed Silla, Baekje, Fuyu and other surrounding ethnic groups and regions. In 427 AD, the 20th generation Koguryo of Wang Changshou moved to Pyongyang, which is today's Korea.

After the establishment of the Sui Dynasty, Goguryeo took a confrontational attitude towards the unification of the Sui Dynasty and the requirement of establishing tributary relations. The Sui Dynasty carried out a large-scale military expedition to Koguryo, but all failed. On the contrary, the Sui Dynasty itself perished due to the domestic uprising. Goguryeo was still hostile to the Tang Dynasty, which followed the Central Plains Dynasty, while Li Shimin, the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty, regarded Liaodong (the concept of Liaodong at that time was slightly the same as that of the four counties in the Han Dynasty, that is, the area east of Liaohe River in northeast China and the northern part of the Korean Peninsula) as "the existence of old China". Now it is the "only corner", and he is determined to conquer Koguryo as the last link of China's unification war. Until 668 AD (the first year of General Zhang Li Zhi in Tang Gaozong, China), Goguryeo perished under the attack of the Tang Dynasty and Silla, and the 27th Wang Baowang Gao Zang was captured by the Tang State. Some Koguryo people became subjects of the Tang Dynasty (including the grandfather of Gao Xianzhi, a famous Tang Dynasty), some merged into the Bohai Turkic, and some fled south to Silla.

The Tang Dynasty established the Governor's Office in the former site of Koguryo, re-establishing the direct rule of the Central Plains Dynasty over Liaodong. However, due to the mistakes of the ruling policy, Silla took advantage of the revival movement of Koguryo adherents and the appearance of Tubo, a strong enemy in the western part of the Tang Dynasty, and had to shift its strategic focus westward. The Tang Dynasty finally gave up its rule over most of the northern part of the Korean Peninsula, and these areas were gradually occupied by Silla and the later Wang Dynasty. But until the Yuan Dynasty, China's Central Plains regime or local regime, such as Qidan (Liao), Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty, still controlled some areas east of the Yalu River. In the Ming Dynasty, the Nuzhen tribe east of the Yalu River was ordered to move westward, and the Yalu River was officially identified as the border river between China and North Korea. Since the demise of Koguryo, the territory of Koguryo to the west of Yalu River has always belonged to the historical territory of China.

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argue

In the official history of China, Koguryo was classified as an alien before and after the Central Plains Dynasty. However, since the History of the Old Five Dynasties, all the official histories have confused Goguryeo with the Wang Koryo Dynasty, which inherited Silla on the Korean Peninsula, and thought that there was an inheritance relationship between them. In fact, Goguryeo and Goguryeo are two regimes that have no inheritance in national subject and territory. Moreover, Koguryo is actually the successor of Silla dynasty (that is, the sworn enemy of Koguryo in the past). As for the confusion of China's history books, we can see from the article in February of the fifth year of Song Yuanfeng (1082): "The history museum compiled Ceng Gong's words:' Goguryeo was promoted from Zhu Meng to a bone city, so it was called Goguryeo. In the holy calendar, Zangzi was the governor of Wu 'andong, and later became a country on his own. Yuan and the end, trying to offer musicians, has not seen him in China. On the occasion of the glorious natural beauty of the Five Dynasties, Aric of Korea returned to pay tribute, in name only. In the third year of Changxing, Wang Jian sent envoys to pay tribute because he was king. Top Wu, Wu Zizhao, Zhao Zi [Qiyou], [Qiyou] brother rule, rule brother recite, recite brother inquiry, one after another. From Zhu Meng to Tibet, the examinee's surname was 900 years, and he passed on the twenty-one monarch, which led to the loss of his country. Since then, the country has recovered its true colors, and the origin and end of fame and the rise and fall of the world era, and the beginning of her husband Wang Jianzhi, cannot be tested. The lineage of Koguryo King 2 1 can be clearly tested, but Koguryo has been extinct for hundreds of years. How can a Korean come from Wang Jian? The History Museum admits that "nothing can be tested". Wang Gaoli presented a "Koryo World" to the Song Dynasty, linking Wang Gaoli and Koguryo. Under this kind of misleading, China's regime has never distinguished between two Koreas.

The history books in Korean history began with the Historical Records of the Three Kingdoms during the Koryo Dynasty, and also recorded that Koguryo was a country on the Korean Peninsula. The History of the Three Kingdoms summarizes the history of Koguryo after Wang Benji, the treasure of Koguryo: "... Koguryo has been in the northeast corner of China since Qin and Han Dynasties, and its northern neighbors are emperors and ministers. Heroes are born in troubled times, and those who steal fame and seize power are also. It can be said that most people are afraid of it, but they are not humble. It is the bane of war to invade its seal for revenge and enter its county to live in it. There is no peace. And its eastward movement (this is called moving the capital to Pyongyang-Mazhu) is one of the unification of Sui and Tang Dynasties, but it still refuses to accept the imperial edict and imprisons the king in the earth room, but it is stubborn and not afraid. Therefore, the teacher who repeatedly begged for sin, although sometimes set up strange tricks to trap the army, finally the king surrendered to the country and destroyed it. But from beginning to end, when it is harmonious, although big countries can't take it, and it is unjust to the country and ruthless to the people, in order to arouse public anger and not collapse. Therefore, Mencius said,' it is good to be in harmony with people at the right time and place', and Zuo said,' the prosperity of the country is also a blessing, and the death of the country is also a curse. It is a blessing for a country to be rich and strong, and it is also a curse to treat people like dirt. "It's delicious. However, if a husband has a country, he will drive out violent officials and force sects to gather to lose the hearts of the people. Although you want to rule without chaos and survive without death, how can you be drunk and tired of drunkenness? " The History of the Three Kingdoms, as a representative work of the history of the Koryo Dynasty, holds a negative attitude towards Goguryeo's disobedience to the tribute order of the Central Plains Dynasty and its external expansion and oppression of neighboring countries, which reflects the position that Silla is the right way for the development of the Korean nation-state, and also proves from one side that Wang does not regard himself as the successor of Goguryeo.

Modern scholars from China, North Korea and South Korea have been arguing about the historical attribution of Koguryo since the late 20th century. 1949 In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, influenced by the academic circles of the Soviet Union, Chinese people regarded Koguryo as Korean history, but since the 1980s, this view has been gradually reversed. At present, the history of Koguryo belongs to the historical category of China, Koguryo is a local political power in the history of China, and the mainstream view that Koguryo nationality is an ancient minority in China has basically taken shape. The main reasons are as follows: Koguryo nation and country were formed in the historical territory of China (four counties in Han Dynasty). Although they moved their capital to present-day Korea, they did not leave the category of four counties in Han Dynasty. After the death of Koguryo, it first became a county in China, and most Koguryo people were integrated into the Han nationality in China or the ethnic minorities in Northeast China. Therefore, the history of Koguryo belongs entirely to the history of China. Because some Koguryo people have flowed into Silla, which constitutes the source of the modern Korean nation, China scholars who hold this view usually have no objection to North Korea and South Korea regarding Koguryo as one of the origins of the Korean nation and country. After the realization of national and national independence in the 20th century, North Korea and South Korea respectively studied the history of Koguryo. Their common feature is that Koguryo was a country in the history of North Korea and had bravely resisted China's aggression. Korean scholars believe that the narrative of Silla as the main body of Korean traditional historiography is wrong, and Koguryo-Bohai Sea is the orthodoxy of Korean history. This view of history is believed to be related to North Korea's hope to establish the northern part of the peninsula as a "true moon". In the twenty years after the founding of North Korea, mainstream historians paid little attention to Koguryo. However, after entering the 1970s, with the rapid economic development and strong national strength, "Koguryo fever" rose. The history books published by the North Korean military claim to recall "the glory of our nation galloping in Manchuria Yuanye" and "the history of national independence and soaring".

At present, the dispute over Koguryo's historical ownership still stays in academic circles and folk circles, and the governments of China, North Korea and South Korea have always maintained a silent and non-confrontational attitude.

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World cultural heritage

At the 28th meeting of the World Heritage Committee held in 2004, the Koguryo tombs in North Korea and the Koguryo tombs, royal tombs and noble tombs in northeast China were listed in the World Heritage List respectively, becoming two independent world cultural heritages.

The heritage project includes three imperial cities, 14 tombs and 26 noble tombs-imperial cities: Wunvshan City, Inner City and Marubo Mountain City. Tombs: Tomb No.0626, Tomb of Qian Qiu, Tomb of Xida, Tomb No.2100, Tomb No.2378, Tomb No.021Qixingshan, Tomb No.0871Qixingshan, Tomb of King Tai and Tomb No.0999 of Linjiang and Yushan. Noble tombs: Tomb of Jiao Di, Tomb of Wu Yong, Tomb of Gao Man, Tomb of Wang Zi, Tomb of Huan Wen, Tomb of Ran Mou, Tomb of San Lian, Tomb of Changchuan No.2, Tomb of Changchuan No.4, Tomb of Changchuan 1, Tomb of Yushan No.33 1 9, Tomb of Wu Kui1and Tomb of Wu Kui No.2.

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external links

* (Korea) Conclusion of Shen Yingzhi's Koguryo History, Ewha Women's University Publishing Department, September 2003.

* Some problems in Koguryo's historical research (China scholars' views on Koguryo's attribution)

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see

* Baekje

* Silla

* Tang Dynasty

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Page Classification: Ancient Nations and Countries in China | China History | Korean History