Who is the only regime established with Hunan as the center in history?

Before Ma Yin came to Hunan, Machu, which was dominated by Hunan, experienced Shannan Road, Jiangnan Road and Lingnan Road under the jurisdiction of Tangqiao, Jiangnan West Road, Langzhong Road and Lingnan Road under the jurisdiction of Xuanzong in the middle of Tang Dynasty, and under the jurisdiction of the east, and the geographical division was more obvious. Then, after the Anshi Rebellion, the Hubei-Guangdong Observation Mission, Hunan Observation Mission and Guiguan Observation Mission were established, and the administrative divisions were more detailed, and then they went to Wu 'an Our Mission and Guiguan Observation Mission at the end of the Tang Dynasty. It can be seen that this area is more and more obviously controlled by the central government of the Tang Dynasty, and the trend of independence is stronger.

Before Ma Yin came to Hunan, there were several main forces in Hunan, such as Wu 'an ambassador Deng Chune, Jingjiang ambassador Liu and Zhen Wu ambassador Lehman. In fact, they were independent political forces, and the rule of the Tang Dynasty existed in name only. Deng Chune is known as the Lord of Hunan, but only Tan and Shao are actually in control, and his own army will be few and insufficient. Lei Man started as a barbarian, led the barbarian army to plunder everywhere, and had no intention of running a mature regime, but he also developed independently and became a school of his own. Liu has tolerance and care in the south and Wu 'an in the north, belonging to the autonomous army. Hunan local thieves are handsome according to the county, and their power is weak. The area of wild warfare activities in various parts of Hunan is large, and most of them are self-defense according to risks. They don't have much contact with the mainland, but sometimes they "invade the border of Chu", which has a very important influence on the later Machu regime.

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Hunan was disintegrated and local forces gradually rose. However, the separatist forces themselves are not strong enough to control the whole Hunan area, and because the independent forces are weak, they are easily conquered by other powerful military forces. So at that time, the political situation in Hunan was taken advantage of by the Cai Zhou Legion passing through Jiangxi.

In the first year of Jingfu (892), after Sun Ru was killed by Cai Zhoujun, most soldiers surrendered to Yang Xingmi, while Liu Jianfeng and Ma Su withdrew thousands of troops and went south to Jiangxi. Later, the scale reached about100000. In the first year of Ganning (894), Liu Jianfeng and Ma Yin entered Hunan from Luling with Cai Zhoujun, and then began to pacify various forces in Hunan. In the third year (896), he was killed by his subordinates. Zhang estimated that it was mainly Ma Yin.

In August of the third year of Gan Ning, Ma Yin was sentenced to the Hunan military government, and in the first year of Guanghua (898), he joined the Wu 'an Army, which was the highest administrative body in Hunan at that time and was in charge of other military forces in Hunan. In the first year of Kaiping (907), Zhu Wen took Ma Yin as the king of Chu and built a beam. Wuzhong in the annals of the Ten Kingdoms in the Spring and Autumn Period records that in September of the second year of Kaiping (908), "Wang Diguang, the people were polite in Sui 'an, Hunan". [3] During the fourteen years from 894 to 908, Ma Yin was used to establish and stabilize the political power.

In the first year of Gan Ning (894), Liu Jianfeng and Ma Su killed Deng Chune. After claiming to stay in Wu 'an, Jiang Liben took over Shaozhou and Deng Chune, and later sent Liu Jianfeng. After Deng's death, he asked to be a secretariat of Shaozhou, but he was not approved. So according to Shaozhou, even Feishan and Meishan attacked Xiangtan, and Ma Yin broke it. Yang, Tang, Cai, Chen and Lu are all local thieves and handsome, and their strength is limited. Ma Yin left Li Qiong, Qin Yanqiao, Tu Ying, Cai Zhou soldiers to attack it. Within two years, Heng, Yong, Dao, Persimmon and Lian Wuzhou all entered the hands of Ma Yin.

In Tianfuyuan year (90 1), Zhen Wu saved Leiman's life. Zi claimed to stay in Langzhou to be in charge of things, but he followed his father's style and often burned and killed between Jing and Hubei. About the first year of Kaiping (907), his younger brother Gong Yan drove him away. In the first year of Kaiping, when the thunder attacked Wuzhen, it still attacked, burned and looted, which was the disaster of Jing and Hu. The Back Beam sent Ma Yin and Gao Jichang to attack together to discuss countermeasures. In the second year of Kaiping (908), Qin Yan joined forces with Langzhou and Gong Yan ran to Huainan. After Madelung, Wu Zhenjun was changed to Yongshun Army.

In the fourth year of Kaiping (9 10), Manmiao Song Post in Chenzhou and Manmiao in Jingzhou claimed to be in danger and invaded Chu several times. Ma Su sent Lu Shizhou to attack it. In the first year (9 1 1), Pan Jinsheng was beheaded in Wugang. After two years of trouble, Man Miao and Xu Zhou Man Miao are both handsome and handsome. Peng Qian, the secretariat of Jizhou, is Miao Hao who lives in Chishi Cave. According to Jiangxi legend, Nakagawa took his brother Peng Jian as the secretariat of Jizhou, which was replaced by Peng Qian. After Nakagawa's death, Qian Shuai joined forces with Ma Yin in July, the third year of Kaiping (909). According to the records in Volume 11 of the Records of the Nine Kingdoms, Peng Gan wanted to enter Hunan, and in December of 906, God bless him. In order to explore the reality of Hunan, he sent Ao Zhan and Xu Li to Ma Yin. When Zhan and others came back, they thought that Hunan was unprofitable, so they invited thousands of people to join Ma Chu.

In 907, Hou Liang immediately became the king of Chu. In 927, in the second year of the late Tang Dynasty, Ma Yin was officially conferred the title of King of Chu, and Southern Chu was formally established. Ma Yin imitated the imperial court system, changed Tanzhou to Changsha as the capital, built palaces in Changsha, and established a veritable independent kingdom, becoming one of the feudal separatist countries in the Five Dynasties 10.

Ma Yin died in 930 and Ma Yin's second son, Ma Xisheng, succeeded him. Ma Xisheng died in 932 and Ma Yin's fourth son, Ma Xifan, succeeded to the throne. Ma Xifan died in 947 and Ma Xiguang succeeded to the throne. In 949, Maggesi rose to seize the throne. The following year, Ma Xiguang was defeated and killed. So Masisi made himself king of Chu. However, Ma Chen Xi was only king of Chu for eight or nine months, and was overthrown by his younger brother Ma Xichong in a coup. From 949 to 95 1 year, the war for the throne was called the battle of the slot.

In 95 1 year 1 1 month, taking advantage of the civil strife in Chu, the Southern Tang Dynasty sent a general to capture Changsha and destroy Chu in one fell swoop. Before taking a firm foothold in Nantang, Ada, an old general of Ma Yin, rose up and defeated Nantang Army and continued to occupy Hunan.

In 952, Wang Kui killed Ada and took control of Hunan. In 955, Pan Shusi killed Wang Kui again; Zhou Xingfeng, the military attache of Tanzhou, once again occupied Langzhou and killed Pan Shusi. The whole territory of Hunan was controlled by Zhou Xingfeng. In 962, he died, his son Zhou Baoquan succeeded to the throne, and general Zhang Wenbiao rebelled. After fierce fighting, Zhou Baoquan killed Zhang Wenbiao. At this time, Zhao Kuangyin has launched a mutiny in Chen Qiao, the Empress, and took the opportunity to invade Tanzhou. In 963, Hunan was completely incorporated into the territory of the Northern Song Dynasty.