Introduce what Ninjutsu is, thank you.

Theoretical origin of Ninjutsu

Most ninjas come from farmers, not noble fighters.

Ninjutsu's ambush skills in the mountains come from the experience of mountain warfare living in Yamato, Yoshino, pommel horse, Genlai and Iga.

Kyoto is the birthplace of the magic (Yin-Yang Road) used in Ninjutsu, because there are esoteric Buddhism Benshan such as Dongye not far away.

Wu Yun's ninja face comes from Yagyu Six Sword School and Bao Liu Baoyuan Qiang Art.

Ninjutsu grand view

First of all, of course, you have to improvise into various identities The basic "nanabake" of a ninja is: becoming a monk, being an empty monk, crouching on the mountain, abandoning the teacher, being upright, being a businessman, and being Saruga Kush. "Xiuke" is an ordinary bald monk. "komusou", wearing a cylindrical bamboo hat on his head to cover his whole face; Dressed in cassock; There is a bowl hanging around the neck; Xiao blew while begging. A monk practicing in Shan Ye. "houkasi" is equivalent to a modern street performer, performing magic, stunts and monkey tricks. "tunenokata" incarnates as a local farmer or soldier, provided that he can speak fluent local dialect. A "businessman" is a businessman who sells medicines and sugar. Jianghu artist "sarugakusi". Others include "disguise", "transformation" and "voice change".

When delivering confidential documents, the best way is to memorize them. However, sometimes it is sewn inside the clothes; Sometimes documents are twisted into a rope and woven with straw hats. What's more, a slender piece of paper is wrapped around a cylinder, which records the contents of the document. If you untie the paper, the content will become unclear words. After receiving the document, the recipient winds the note on a cylinder with the same thickness and restores its original shape. Personally, I think the coolest way is to carve words on the scalp! In this way, you must shave your hair first, then tattoo it, and then shave it when it grows and returns to the Lord safely. However, this method must be painful. But ninjas can mix medicines anyway, so there should be some modern anesthetics. Another way is to use the "Word of God". This is a kind of large-scale ancient Chinese characters before China Chinese characters spread to Japan, which is equivalent to Oracle Bone Inscriptions in China. During the Warring States period, few people could read the holy book, so it became a "secret code" between ninjas.

There are all kinds of other strange endurance techniques, such as "Wen", "Wu", "Yi" and "Le", and the list goes on. After Tokugawa Ieyasu established the shogunate in Edo (Tokyo), some Iga Ninja became the guards and spies of the shogunate, while the rest Iga Ninja and Kaga Ninja were assigned to famous territories all over the country. During the Meiji Restoration, Ninjutsu was gradually lost, and these descendants of Ninjutsu changed jobs and became policemen, doctors, drugstore owners, fireworks artists and so on. Having said that, the world of ninja is still very attractive, which makes modern Japanese, even foreigners, curious and want to explore: what medicine is sold in this gourd? !

The origin of Ninjutsu

Ninjutsu, also known as occultation. There are different opinions about the origin of Ninjutsu and Ninja. Some people in China think that Ninjutsu originated from the Five Elements of Han Dynasty in China, and later spread to Japan. Like karate, judo, Shaolin Temple boxing and other Japanese martial arts, Ninjutsu is a kind of martial arts with Japanese characteristics that gradually developed after the ancient martial arts from China were introduced to Japan. Wan Hai, the authoritative work of Ninjutsu, pointed out that the root of Ninjutsu thought came from China and Jiang Taigong during the Yin and Zhou Dynasties. It was he who first put forward the concept of Ninjutsu and wrote it in Liu Tao, a masterpiece handed down from ancient times. Later, Sun Wu, Sean and Han Xin successively perfected the theory of Ninjutsu. In particular, Sun Wu's The Art of War has been highly praised by the ninja class. At this time, Ninjutsu has basically formed the embryonic form composed of tactics, formation, yin and yang, skills and so on. With the spread of Ninjutsu to Japan, Ninja appeared and developed in Japan.

The Japanese believe that the theoretical basis of Ninjutsu evolved from Sun Tzu's Art of War, which was introduced by China, and then developed into practicing Daoism and ambushing in the mountains, which is the so-called "wind, forest, fire and mountain". In the Heian period, after the rise of the samurai class, the art of war in mountain ambush was absorbed and developed. In the Yuan Ping era, Yuan Yijing successfully used the skill of ambush in the mountains and completed the theory of attack tactics. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Kusunoki Masashige developed defensive techniques. At this point, Ninjutsu and Wushu were separated into different systems and formally independent.

Immigrants from China and North Korea are also closely related to the development of ninjas. Because ancient Japan was very backward, the Japanese government welcomed China immigrants with highly developed science, technology and culture to settle in Japan, so Koreans influenced by Chinese civilization were also welcome. The Japanese call these immigrants "naturalized people" (although welcome, they are still discriminatory. It is difficult for immigrants to enter the upper class, nor can they follow the language and culture of their original place of residence, so they have to change their names to Japanese. These ancient skilled immigrants brought a lot of advanced scientific technology and cultural knowledge to Japan, such as pottery making, armor and clothing technology, China martial arts and so on, which decisively promoted the development of Japanese Ninjutsu. Because ninjas mostly come from farmers at the bottom of society, not aristocratic soldiers. Therefore, as immigrants who are difficult to be accepted by the upper class, "naturalized people" have also entered the ninja industry in large numbers. "Naturalized people" usually settled in Kyoto, and then a large number of people moved to nearby Iga or Kaga to live, which is also the main reason for the abnormal development of Ninjutsu in the two places. For example, the famous Hattori Shimada Hanzo was born in China. His surname is Qin, and Qin's family crossed the sea from Wu in China at the end of the third century and the beginning of the fourth century (the traditional name of Japanese kimono is "Wu Fu", which was taken from Wu of Qin's family), and later it was changed to Hattori. Hattori Shimada Hanzo defected to Tokugawa Ieyasu and later moved to Edo. Legend has it that this ninja finally realized the true meaning of forbearance, which many generations of ninjas have never seen. So far, the Japanese have always mentioned him and praised the legend of "Ghost Shimada Hanzo".

In addition, the technology introduced by foreigners, such as gunpowder, has taken root here, so this is where Japan has made gunpowder for a long time. Other craftsmen have also taken root here, such as the master who makes handicrafts and plays with dolls ... All kinds of artists have come ... In this way, there are many such people in Iga and Kaga, and ninjas can also have many skills to engage in spy work like folk street performers in the future. But in the society at that time, the status of such people was not noble (in their hometown of China and North Korea, the status was not high, and the businessman was the last of the four. Of course, Japan was also divided into three classes of agriculture, industry and commerce, but scholars meant literati, that is, warriors).

Ninjutsu schools and textbooks

During the Warring States period, celebrities needed a lot of information about the enemy's situation to sabotage enemy cities, so Ninjutsu developed by leaps and bounds in this era. Ninjutsu has developed in the following areas: Musashi, Jiafei, Houyue, Shinano, Iga, Kaga and Jiyi. Among them, Ninjutsu of Iga and Kaga is the most developed in Japan. Iga and Kaga are both close to Beijing, and the terrain belongs to a small closed basin surrounded by mountains and obstacles. Although barren, their strategic position is very important: because they are close to central Feng Jingen. During the Warring States Period, more than 60 local tyrants (each with a maximum strength of no more than 50 people, according to China's algorithm, at best, small bandits) rose in this tiny place. Although the site is small, the competition here is fierce beyond outsiders' imagination. Local tyrants form false alliances with each other, secretly spy on each other, and once they seize the opportunity, they will give their opponents a merciless blow. These two bloody mountains full of cruelty and cunning have gradually evolved into the base camp for the development of Ninjutsu. Iga and Kaga's greatest contribution to the cause of ninja is to systematize the theoretical basis and skills of ninja and compile a book on ninja cultivation-Wan Ji Chuan Sea. Although the genre is different, the classic that ninjas practice is the book Wan Ji Chuan Sea, whose content is to teach ninjas all the theoretical basis and technical guidance on how to perform Ninjutsu.

In the fourth year of Yan Bao (1676), the fourth generation general of Tokugawa family, Fujimori Yasuo, a hermit of Jiahe, combined with the thoughts and martial arts essence of famous Chinese and Japanese celebrities in previous dynasties, and referred to the contents of Six Pagodas and Sun Tzu's Art of War, wrote a ninja's extreme training guide which integrates patience, patience and endurance. Referring to the thought of "a hundred schools of thought contend and return to the sea" in the selected works of Zuo Du Fu, an ancient Chinese book, the book was named Wan Hai. As the name implies, "Wan Ji Chuan Sea" is to take the essence of each family.

Wan Ji Chuan Sea consists of six parts: correct mind, knowledge, yin forbearance, yang forbearance, meteorology and forbearance. This book later became a must-read textbook for ninja practice. Tamia Liu and Sun Tzu's Art of War are two ancient works that have far-reaching influence on the overall development of Wan Ji Chuan Sea and Ninjutsu. It can also be seen that China's thoughts on ancient military martial arts have laid a solid theoretical foundation for the future development of Japanese Ninjutsu, which is the proof that Ninjutsu really originated in China. It can be said that "Wan Ji Chuan Sea" is a summary of Japanese learning the essence of ancient China's military and practicing metaphysics. "

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The origin of Ninjutsu

The theoretical basis of Ninjutsu is the Japanese art of war from China, which was developed by practicing Taoism and ambushing in the mountains. In peacetime, due to the rise of the samurai class, the art of ambush in the mountains was developed by the samurai. In the Yuan Ping era, he learned the Yuan Yijing of ambush in the mountains, successfully applied the technology of ambush in the mountains, and completed the theory of offensive tactics. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Kusunoki Masashige developed defensive techniques, and at the same time.

Ninjutsu school

During the Warring States period, Ninjutsu began to make great progress, because this era needed Ninjutsu very much, martial arts very much, and the art of war very much. But unlike the art of war and martial arts, Ninjutsu has its own uniqueness. There are several Ninjutsu schools in developed areas, which are named after the following places:

Musashi, Jia Fei, Yue Hou, Nong Xin, etc.

Iga, Kaga, Kyrgyzstan, etc.

Ninjutsu in the last three states is the most developed in Japan.

Ninjutsu textbook "Wan Ji Chuan Sea"

Originally, before Yamato's eastward expedition, these two places were indistinguishable, and they were both called IGA. Later, because of the separation of the names of Muromachi and Warring States, the school gradually separated. However, although schools are separate, the classic of ninja training is the same book, which we call "Wan Ji Chuan Sea". This book has all the theoretical foundations and skills to teach ninjas how to practice ninjas.

(Note: This is the ninja textbook mentioned in "Beautiful Girls in the Warring States Period ~ Cutting Clouds and Breaking the Sky" and "Ninja Chaos Taro". )

Why are the ninja skills of Iga and Kaga so developed?

Both Iga and Kaga are close to Nagoya, and they are located in a small closed basin surrounded by mountains and dangers, forming a small world of their own. However, their strategic position is very important. Because they are close to the central part of Feng Jingen, they are deeply influenced by Kyoto culture. There are many temples, monasteries and manors. Later, the manor system collapsed and local tyrants rose one after another. During the Warring States period, there were 60 such small lands. However, because the land is very small, everyone wants to seize each other's land, so each family will probably raise 30 or 40 soldiers to deal with the "enemy country" (this is very similar to the land struggle between Minnan villages in the land reclamation era of Taiwan Province Province, and some are similar to the struggle between Fujian tourists). The fierce competition here is beyond the imagination of outsiders. Local tyrants allied themselves with each other, spying on each other and killing each other. Once the defeated local tyrants fall, it is difficult to get up again. No wonder this mountainous and fierce place will become the base camp for the development of Ninjutsu. After a long time, a balance will gradually develop among local tyrants, and then Ninjutsu will begin to be crowned throughout the country.

Theoretical origin of Ninjutsu

Ninjas are mostly farmers, not aristocratic warriors. Ninjutsu's ambush skills in the mountains come from the experience of mountain warfare living in Yamato, Yoshino, pommel horse, Genlai and Iga. Kyoto is the birthplace of the magic (Yin-Yang Road) used in Ninjutsu, because there are Tantric Benshan, such as Bi and so on not far away. Wu Yun's face endurance comes from six paths and a cavity.

Immigrants and ninjas in China and South Korea

Because the Daiwa court welcomes skilled people from other places to settle in Japan, there are a large number of people from China and North Korea. For example, many people moved to Japan from China and North Korea. These people usually settle in Kyoto, and then some people move to nearby Iga or Kaga to work. In addition, foreigners and naturalized people here (foreigners settle in Japan and become Japanese) have many Japanese surnames. For example, in the early days of the Tokugawa shogunate, due to the cooperation between Hattori Shimada Hanzo and Konka, many Iga and Kaga people moved to Edo with Hattori. Igawa-machi is a variant of Igawa-machi and Kagawa-machi. And the name of Shimada Hanzo Gate (the old house where Hattori Shimada Hanzo lived). It is said that Hattori Shimada Hanzo is a man of change. His family originally came from China, and his surname was Qin.

The influence of foreign craftsmen

In addition, the technology introduced by foreigners, such as gunpowder, has taken root here, so this is the place where Japan has made gunpowder for a long time. Other craftsmen have also taken root here, such as the master who makes handicrafts, the master who plays with dolls ... All kinds of artists have come ... So, there are many such people in Iga and Kaga, and ninjas can engage in spy work with the skills of many folk street performers in the future. But in the society at that time, such people's status was not noble (in their hometown of China and South Korea, these people's status was not high either, and the businessman was the last of the four. Of course, the Japanese are also divided into peasants and businessmen, but scholars refer to literati, that is, warriors).

Takeda Shingen, the military commander who loves to use ninjas.

Because Shinhyun hates the secrets of his country being known by others, he likes to train ninjas. He loves the ninjas who drive him to practice (he calls them "Luanbo") and "Sanshe" (this is also a name used by Takeda's family to call ninjas). The origin of "Luanbo" comes from vagrants, unemployed people or bandit gangs in Afghanistan, New Zealand and Vietnam to organize and teach them combat skills such as mountain warfare. "Three" are the general names of "Meeting", "Square" and "Mu Fu". These people are experts in scouts and spies. Xin Xuan sent Saemon from Futian Township to control these ninjas.

Tamaki Hideyoshi and Bee Beard He Xiaoliu

As we all know, when Yukio Hatoyama had no choice, he used to take refuge in Mi Xu and Xiao Liu and eat rice at his house. Mi Xu and Xiao Liu are active "night thieves" in Mino (bandits, more widely known as wild warriors, didn't find an army to hire their master, and what's worse, they are mountain kings who rob money at night). In any case, people who work in bandit groups are usually not poor, so they can warmly entertain some people who have no food. Go to his house for dinner. Later, these people became loyal subjects because they helped Toyotomi Hideyoshi enter Gu Mo City, and finally got rid of the stigma of robbers. However, because Nobu hates the corrupt army with poor military discipline, Bee and Xiao Liu will never do anything more than plunder him. And their good ability to steal chickens and touch dogs during the robber period became a good condition to become ninjas, so those people suddenly became ninjas of Xiuji army and performed well in all major battles.