Where did Liang come from?

Thunder is unleashed on Jufeng Street - Zhenliang! ”

This is an old saying. The reason why it is said is that the Liang family in Haiqu originated from and flourished in Jufeng.

The Liang family is an old surname with three origins:

The first is to take Guo as the surname. According to "Tongzhi? Clan Brief? Take Guo as the Clan", Feizi, a descendant of Boyi named Ying, was good at raising horses. King Xiao of Zhou assigned him the responsibility of raising horses. Feizi's great-grandson Qin Zhong, a senior official of King Xuan of Zhou, was granted the title of Qin Yi. He was defeated and killed. Qin Zhong's fifth son led his troops to continue the campaign and finally defeated Qin Zhong's youngest son Kang in Liangshan, Xia Yang. (south of today's Hancheng County, Shaanxi Province), established the Liang Kingdom, and was called Liang Kangbo. Later Qin Mugong destroyed the Liang Kingdom and changed the name of Liang to Shaoliang. After the fall of the country, most of the descendants of the Liang Kingdom fled to Jin. The surname of the country was Liang.

Secondly, the surname was Yi. Hui Gong bribed the Qin State with five cities, including Jieliang City. The descendants who were sealed in places such as Jieliang, Gaoliang, and Quliang took the name of the feudal land as "Liang".

The third is that the Hu people changed their surnames. "Book of Wei Official Records" records that during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Xianbei clan of the Northern Wei Dynasty moved to Luoyang with Emperor Xiaowen of the Wei Dynasty and settled in the Central Plains.

As for the origin of the Haiquliang family, the author has no research. According to the historical data that I have access to so far, the time when its ancestor came to Rizhao was in 1234, when Mongolia destroyed the Jin Dynasty. . After that, they made close friends and attacked far away, temporarily putting aside the "fish in the net" of the Southern Song Dynasty, first conquering the western and northern countries, and finally entered Lin'an in February 1276, and the Southern Song Dynasty was destroyed. Mongolian aristocrats were privileged. Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty divided the people of the country into four classes: the first class were Mongolians, the second class were Semu people (people from various countries in the Western Regions who first surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty), the third class were Han people, and the fourth class were Southerners.

The legal status, political treatment and economic burden of these four classes of people are very different. For example, the Yuan Law stipulates that the crimes committed by Mongolians, Semu and Han people shall be tried by different yamen. If Mongolians beat Han people, Han people can only complain but cannot fight back. When a Mongolian drunkenly beats a Han to death, he only needs to pay a burial fee. The Han and the Southerners are not allowed to hunt together, hold religious activities, or hold bows and arrows at will. For the principal positions, Han Chinese and Southerners can only serve as deputy officials. For example, for local officials, Mongolians serve as general managers, while Hui people serve as general managers. It is a rule that the same general managers and general managers control each other and must obey Dalu. Lu Huachi. Mongolians who were born in the imperial examination were officially appointed from the sixth grade, while Semu, Han people, and Southerners were reduced one level, etc.

Among them, the purpose of the distinction between Han people and Southerners was. To divide the Han people in the Central Plains is to deliberately create a distinction between the southern and northern Han people, give political and economic benefits to the northern Han people (north of the Yellow River), and isolate the Han people south of the Yangtze River. Mongolians and Semu are the masters of A, and the clothing, food, housing, and transportation of the people in A are all under the control of master A. The master of A will drive, beat and scold the men in A, humiliate the women at will, and even capture the southerners and price them like livestock. In buying and selling, the price of a southerner is almost the same as that of a donkey.

At the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the ancestors of the Liang family fled from the Ganshi Bridge outside the east gate of Suzhou to Rizhao in order to find a way out. Rizhao City, which had been "upgraded" to a county, settled in Rizhao City, but instead plunged into the northwest mountains, which were still barren and harsh at that time, and settled in a place called Chengzizhuang (the current name has disappeared) in the northwest of Datu Mountain, Jufeng Town. Although it has multiplied for nearly a hundred years, By the end of the Yuan Dynasty, there were only three brothers left, and it was not known which generation they were from, and even their names could not be left.

According to folklore, in order to completely destroy the psychology of the Han people, the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty did not allow the common people of the Han people to have a famous name, let alone a character or a nickname. Called Er...or the surname is obtained by adding the age of the parents and adding the surname. For example, Zhu Yuanzhang's original name was Zhu Chongba... The original name of the first ancestor of the Liang family may have been Liang Da, Liang Er or Liang San, which cannot be tested.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Han Shantong and Liu Futong's Red Scarf Army rebelled against the Yuan Dynasty. Guo Ziyi, Zhang Shicheng, Chen Youliang, Fang Shizhen and other reckless groups raised troops one after another. The Liang brothers were separated in the chaos, and one of them fled to Penglai. Later, they branched into Rongcheng, one of whom fled to Shilayuan in Yizhou (now Linyi), and only one remained in Chengzizhuang.

At this time, wars raged all over the Central Plains, and heroes of troubled times arose from all directions. Zhu Yuanzhang (1328-1398), who had been a monk at Huangjue Temple since childhood, defected to Guo Ziyi's subordinates on the first day of the third leap month in the twelfth year of the Yuan Dynasty. Guo Ziyi Seeing that Yuan Zhang's appearance was extraordinary and different from ordinary people, he stayed as a personal soldier. Zhu Yuanzhang led his troops on expeditions many times, and he would surely defeat any attack. Guo Ziyi was overjoyed and appointed his adopted daughter Ma as his wife to Yuan Zhang. In March of the 15th year of Zhengzheng, Guo Ziyi died of illness, and his son Guo Tianxu led them on his behalf. In September, Guo Tianxu died in battle, and all the generals returned to Zhu Yuanzhang.

According to military counselor Liu Bowen's strategy of "building walls high, accumulating grain, and slowly becoming king", Zhu Yuanzhang hired counselors, recruited troops and horses, and after defeating all the heroes, he appointed Xu Da as the general to conquer the captives. In the spring, he was the deputy general and raised his troops for the Northern Expedition. In October of the 27th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1367), he took the oath of surrender. The army entered Shandong and was invincible. He successively conquered Linyi, Yidu, Zichuan, Jinan, Liaocheng and other prefectures and counties. In February of that year (1368), Shandong was pacified. Immediately, he turned to attack Henan, blocked Tongguan, and finally took Shaanxi and Shanxi.

With the support of his father-in-law Liu Gong, the first generation ancestor of the Liang family led the young men from his hometown to join the Ming army. Later, he followed Xin Guogong Tang He in the southern and northern campaigns. He made outstanding military achievements and was promoted to the imperial court in the fourth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1371). Zhu Yuanzhang. At that time, the Queen of the Big-footed Horse was accompanying him. Seeing that Liang was tall and dark-faced, he said that this general was dark and ugly. Zhu Yuanzhang said casually: Then call him Liang Heichou. After being instructed by Tang He, Liang fell to his knees, kowtowed and shouted: Thank you Lord for your kindness.

Since then, the first ancestor of the Liang family has an official name.

As for the more distant origin of the Liang family in Rizhao, according to the "Linzi County Chronicle" of the Republic of China, Liangjiazhuang is located to the west of Linzi City, six kilometers southeast of Yugong Mountain, and on the east bank of Wuhe River (Shishui). They moved here and settled in Lizhuang, which was called Liulin Liangjiazhuang. After the decline of the Liu family, it was named "Liangjiazhuang".

The "Original Preface of the Liang Family Tree" records:

The husband said that if the water is long, its flow has a source; if the branches are numerous, its hair has its roots. This is true for physics, but it also applies to humans. However, people have ancestors, and rivers, water, and trees have their origins. I, the Liang family, originally lived in the west of Linzi, east of Shishui, and Liangjiazhuang in Liulin is my hometown. Those who are difficult to live in and live in Xiangjin are few, but they all have a mellow wind, so they can spread the water forever. Unfortunately, at the time of the Ding Revolution in the late Ming Dynasty, we were repeatedly attacked by war and the family tree was lost. Regardless of the branches and leaves, there was only a trace of Yiye left. For example, according to legend, the eight original brothers Wen Sheng went to Shouguang, to Rizhao, to Henan, to Hongzhuang, and the rest do not know where they went. However, Wen Shengzu has lived in this land for eight generations, and there is no genealogy yet. He is eager to compile it, but every time he suffers from nonsense, fortunately, there is a descendant of the Zicai family who can record the sect for several generations, so he compiled the genealogy for future generations. In order to prepare for the examination, if the descendants of the descendants have the inheritance of the past and the future, do not replace it forever.

Zhixiu, the eighth descendant of Mengxia in the fifty-sixth year of Kangxi's reign

His "Preface to the Reconstruction of the Liang Family Genealogy":

My Liang Family Genealogy, from the First to the Eighth Generation , the tribes are clear and unorganized, who can do it? I, Kuo Guo Yingzi, have worked hard to achieve success. From the eighth to the eleventh generation, our ancestor Xie Gong continued to practice Yan. This clan has a clear lineage of generations, but none of the seven people who fled after the war were thinking about this, so there is no need to feel sad. When I was young, I wanted to travel far away to Shouguang, Rizhao and other places to personally visit the relics of foreign migration. I found out whether there were unreasonable ups and downs, which was really my sincerity. It's like wasting years. I'm already seventy years old. Although I have ambitions, can I still travel far? Because I have been thinking about this branch for several lifetimes, I am even more anxious than a visitor from afar. Then he ordered his nephew Dong and other officials from the Simanqi Bing clan to discuss the reconstruction from the eleventh to the fifteenth century. It took more than a month to complete the repairs. There were many books and several copies to prevent future mistakes. Those who continue to practice should not worry about the untested lineage, and also record their original surnames in the righteous ones, so that future generations can know that those who are my clan are my clan, and those who are not my clan cannot mix with my clan...

< p>In mid-spring of the 17th year of Daoguang's reign in the Qing Dynasty, I saw Zhu Jinshi, the twelfth generation's grandson

It can be seen that the Liang family in Rizhao and the Liang family in Linzi, Shouguang, Henan and Hongzhuang are related to a distant family.

2

Ding reform in Yuan and Ming Dynasties was full of waste, but at this time, Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang, who had just proclaimed himself emperor in Yingtian Mansion (now Nanjing), was deeply troubled by the Japanese crown plunder. worry. At that time, Japan was entering the period of division between the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The feudal lords of the Southern Dynasties who had failed in the war organized samurai and ronin - the "Japanese pirates" and samurai mentioned in history books, colluded with the remnants of Zhang Shicheng and Fang Guozhen, occupied small coastal islands, and burned and killed the southeastern coast. They committed all sorts of crimes, including raiding, captivity, and plundering, especially the most serious harm to coastal counties, cities, and prefectures in Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Fujian. History books say that "Japanese bandits and barbarians are always present" and "plunder and plunder from time to time, disturbing the coastal people."

After the founding of the Ming Dynasty, the anti-Japanese affairs along the coast of Shandong were under the unified responsibility of the Shandong Capital Command Department, which consisted of three battalions: Dengzhou Camp, Wendeng Camp and Jimo Camp, 11 Guards, 14 Institutes, and 20 Inspection Divisions , 243 piers, 129 forts.

This is remembered very clearly in the history books:

In the 16th year of Hongwu's reign, the Japanese invaded and plundered Luliang, which was uncontrollable. Tang He was ordered to set up a strict military base on the East China Sea. The castle is under the jurisdiction of the bureau, where the pawns are selected and trained, and the chessboard is deployed for defense.

――"An Dongwei Zhi? Preface"

"The Chronicles of Ming Dynasty? Coastal Japanese Rebellion" also contains: In the seventeenth year of Hongwu (1384), Zhu Yuanzhang "ordered Xinguo Gong Tanghe inspected the sea, built fifty-nine cities on the sea in Shandong, north and south of the Yangtze River, and east of Zhejiang, and set up a capital city in Xian to prepare for the Japanese."

According to the military system of the Ming Dynasty, there were five thousand-household posts below the guards, each commanding 1,120 troops, and one person from the fifth rank of the thousand-household (Qianzong). Liang Heichou followed Tang He to participate in the war against Japanese invaders, and then stationed troops in Jufeng, responsible for protecting the coastal areas of Rizhao. During wartime, he returned to the camp and was divided into three parts for military affairs and seventy parts for farming. Because of his outstanding achievements, he was sealed off from thousands of households.

According to historical records, Liang Heichou not only had outstanding military exploits and was loyal to the Ming Dynasty, but also made it clear to future generations that they should "loyally serve the country." Their descendants carry on the ancestral precepts. There are many people who have been recorded in the annals and local annals of the Ming and Qing dynasties for their "loyalty to serve the country".

Liang Mei, grandson of the sixth generation of Liang Heichou, was born in the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty (his birth and death were not examined). Seeing that salt traders were rampant in Xu, Pi and Ju states, they not only smuggled salt but also ganged up to rob people, so he wrote to the county and government , the governor of Shandong, Yuan Gong, came to the court, and the court heard about it and ordered Qingzhou soldiers to build a "camping mountain stronghold" in Jufeng for defense. Liang Mei dedicated several acres of fertile land for official use, and actively assisted the villagers in building barracks. According to the Guangxu edition of "Rizhao County Chronicles", people at that time called it: "A person with bright yellow hair will have many things to do".

Regarding the construction of "Jufeng Village", please copy Huang Zhen's "Jufeng Village Records" of the Ming Dynasty 》As follows:

The giant peak is located in the southwest corner of Rizhao and was built by the Qingzhou Army. It is located in the ancient Langya area, close to Yiji in the west and close to the sea in the northeast.

The establishment of officials in our country has profound meaning.

Either the camp is built for separate defense, or the fields are garrisoned for remote control, but those who specialize in military and military affairs are therefore ineffective in guarding against military force.

When Jiajing was in power, the East China Sea was not rippled, and the court officials discussed reducing Qingzhou’s military preparedness. When I was working for the rest of my life, I listened and discussed: "The mountains on the sea are rich in minerals. Cutting down the water and boiling the sea will make a lot of money. Those who make profit will steal the bushes, and those who mine salt will hide it in the world. If there are many mines, the people will be rough, and if there are many salts, the people will pickle them." "Thieves are born. Military preparation is a shelter." The emperor said: "Yes." In the past ten years, I have selected Juesi from three times and won Dongfen. Dongfen Kang's surname is Tianjue. He is from Linfen, so he is called Dongfen Jushi. Jiajing and Gui have come to Dian Ci Tu. The first person who inquired about the yellow hair found that his hair was bright and shiny, and there must be more things to do. He said: "The salt disciples of Wei Miner are a disaster for Qingzhou. I read it and learned it!" In the next year of the Yue Dynasty, the salt disciples disturbed Nanbi, and Dongfen sent troops to calm down. Of. When the time comes, the situation will be in disarray and the residents will be gone. Or say: "Salt disciples are people from the east, west, north and south. They scatter like wildfires, and combine like birds. They come and go at random. If you don't do it, you can't prevent chaos." Dongfen listened to the advice of the public and asked the governor Yuan Mr. Fang is on patrol. Said: "Salt is like water and fire to people. The law of official salt harms private traders, and the people feel sorry for them. Therefore, the traders pretend to be water and fire to steal people, which is the so-called theft of Huangchi. It also highlights the impermanence, which makes me run for my life. "The strong guarding of the stronghold can keep the evil spirits at bay, and the officials and salt will not be stagnant, and they will have both. The husband's love for protecting the people is greater than that of water and fire. The wild grass in the east and west is a worry, and the stronghold is indispensable." Xiangtu found Jufeng Mountain, near the intersection of Huaihai and Hainan, and controlled the throat and throat to build this defense. For it, he built a stockade gate, a camp hall, a door screen, and several tools for making gold and stone. Yiran is a huge town. The list is called "Jufeng". It was divided into Qingzhou Guard Army and Juzhou Rizhao Native Soldiers to defend it. Salt disciple Yin Ning. Foolishness and theft are the troubles of the East. Salt men steal water, and mine men steal mountains. They are the root of chaos. Mine people are quick and good at fighting, and they are accustomed to the mountains. In the area of ??Aao Ao, the horses cannot spin and the shots cannot launch. One person is enough to move the strong man, which is the strange soldier of the East. Now they are all in Guimeng Mountain, that is, indigenous people. Therefore, if you use it well, you will have the speed of Qingyang Mountain; if you use it poorly, you will have the change of Yutang. How can the person who controls it be like an ear. I saw that Dongfen was sincere to him. He not only planned many things to destroy his party, but also cultivated his strength to threaten his change, and recruited more people to restrain his disciples. This Kangzi built an invisible stronghold to control the miners, but it was also outside the hall and screen. Perhaps it is not necessary to prepare the troops for future generations without this? The village was founded in the 13th year of Jiajing. Dong Si served as follows: Linqu, Zhizhou of Juzhou, Yin Lixin of Zichuan, and Yin Yanxiu of Rizhao.

Liang Ru, the seventh grandson of Liang Heichou, made great achievements in the war against the Japanese. Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty ordered him to be a member of the sixth rank of Jinyiwei, "Zhongwu", and ordered him to go to Beijing to take up his post. Liang Ru went north in response to the imperial edict, but died of illness halfway. When the bad news came, people from southern Shandong to the coastal areas of Jiangsu and Zhejiang heard it, and they all felt sad. Those who knew the incident burst into tears. Xu Jie, a bachelor of the cabinet, felt very pity after hearing the news. He made a plaque and personally wrote:

Coastal Protection

The descendants of Liang Confucianism hung this plaque on the front door for more than 300 years until Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty. In the eleventh year (1861), it was destroyed by war.

The fifteenth generation Sun Liang was conferred the title of Fourth-grade Wudelang by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, and was awarded the title of one generation higher.

Liang Hongbo, the 17th generation grandson, served as the first mayor of Jufeng Town.

The eighteenth generation grandson Liang Aiqing was conferred the title of Confucian Scholar of the sixth grade by Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, and was granted the title of second-generation scholar.

The Liang family has been loyal, brave and virtuous throughout the ages, resisting foreign aggression, protecting the people, strict family rules, and strict family traditions. There are people in the family who have no food and clothing. The dead cannot be buried, and the widowers cannot marry. The whole family contributes according to the wealth. Helping with funeral arrangements or weddings is envied by the world.

After hundreds of years of development, the Dingliang family of Jufeng people has become more and more numerous. Their descendants are scattered in dozens of villages in Lu, Jiangsu and other provinces, with a population of 40,000 to 50,000, and many of them live overseas. .

Therefore, at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, a biography of Rizhao County:

Ding, Mou, Qin, An, Li, don’t forget Jufengliang!

The Liang family genealogy

The first generation Heichou was established in the 19th century

The second generation Wen was the 20th generation Pei

The third generation Youcai was 20 years old The first generation Zuo Shun

The fourth generation Gang and the twenty-second generation Qitian

The fifth generation Pu and the twenty-third generation Yunnai

The sixth generation Mei and the twenty-fourth generation Xi Nian

The Seventh Confucian and the Twenty-fifth Zhou Family

The Eighth Jing and the Twenty-sixth Heqi

The Ninth Ren Chong and the Twenty-seventh Fang Celebrating

Ten lives have autumn, twenty-eight lives (?) all

Eleven lives, twenty-nine lives, meditation

Twelve lives and thirty Shi Bengong

The thirteenth generation of Guang and the thirty-first generation of Lebo

The thirty-second generation of the fourteenth generation of officials

The biography of Li Sanshi of the fifteenth generation The Rare Guns of the Three Generations

The Sixteenth Generation Ren and the Thirty-Fourth Generation took office

The Seventeenth Generation Hong and the thirty-fifth generation Xinhan

The Eighteenth Generation Qing Dynasty thirty-four Sixth Generation Everlasting