Analyze the air pollution situation in Hangzhou with tables and put forward countermeasures. Land use shows distribution characteristics and pollution types.

Industrial pollution, dust pollution, automobile exhaust pollution caused by smog,

Main tasks and responsibilities

(1) Rectify industrial coal enterprises.

1, focusing on improving power plants (thermal power plants) and coal-fired power generation enterprises.

(1) Close down the 2 million kilowatt small thermal power unit of Mid-levels Power Plant.

The annual coal consumption of Banshan Power Plant is 65.438+0.27 billion tons. The desulfurization facilities of two 50,000-kilowatt units are the deadline stipulated by the state to shut down small thermal power units in 2003, but is there anything in this plant that can stop this plan? This problem should be solved by the coordination of provincial government departments, and these two units will end before the end of February 2003. The Municipal Economic Commission takes the lead in the work of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau.

(2) Pay close attention to the implementation of the flue gas desulfurization treatment project of Xiaoshan125,000 kW power plant. Xiaoshan Power Plant consumes 800,000 tons of coal every year. This problem should be solved by the coordination of provincial government departments, and the flue gas desulfurization treatment project will be completed by the end of 2004. The Municipal Economic Commission takes the lead in the work of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau.

(3) Strengthen the governance and remediation of low-framework pollution sources, especially the thermal power enterprises that strengthen flue gas desulfurization.

There are 2 1 thermal power plants (stations) and 75 boilers in Hangzhou. By the end of 2004, the annual coal consumption reached 225 million tons. It is necessary to establish an online monitoring system for flue gas and an engineering system for flue gas desulfurization treatment. The sulfur content is 0.6%, and the desulfurization efficiency must be greater than 70%, from 50% in 2003 to 50% in 2004. This work is supervised by the Municipal Economic Commission and the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau.

2. Pay close attention to the adjustment of industrial structure and product structure of Hanggang, and stop the production line of compressed coke and pig iron. The annual coal consumption of Hanggang is nearly 6.5438+0.03 million tons, accounting for 654.38+0/3 of the total utilization of steelmaking scrap, and the remaining 2/3 is iron ore. Smoke, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides (including 700,000 tons/year coking coal) discharged during coking, pelletizing, sintering and ironmaking still cannot be effectively collected and treated; The smoke and dust of sintering machine seriously exceeded the standard. According to the data of Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center Station, the amount of dust in the mid-level air is four times that in the main city.

The adjustment of Hangzhou iron and steel industry and product structure should be coordinated by the provincial government departments. In the process of cleaner production, the coking furnace was built at the end of February, 2003, and in 2004 1.975, and in 2005, two other coke ovens that could buy needed coke were closed to ensure that the pollutants discharged each year were reduced by 1.5%, and the seriously polluted coke and pig iron production lines were relocated. The Municipal Economic Commission takes the lead in the work of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau. /& gt； No-burn zone ".

The overall organization and implementation of the work leading group of the city's no-burn zone ",the deadline for the low-frame source code of coal-fired boilers in the central city; In the central city where the Municipal Quality Supervision Bureau and relevant departments are working, natural gas is gradually phasing out coal-fired boilers, accelerating the pace of introduction, strategically adjusting the energy structure, increasing the proportion of gas fuel, and gradually becoming the energy source of Hangzhou; With the progress and improvement of the environment and the introduction of natural gas, the main source of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, the "no-burning zone" will be adjusted appropriately.

Xiaoshan and Yuhang district governments should increase investment, ban burning areas in the medium term and complete the transformation task in 2003.

4. Formulate domestic standards for coal burning and air emission. & ltBR/ It is necessary to formulate strict emission standards in Hangzhou according to customers' requirements, such as "Hangzhou High-quality Low-sulfur Coal and Products" and "Hangzhou Air Pollutant Emission Standards", in order to improve the quality of the atmospheric environment. The Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau and the Municipal Quality Supervision Bureau are responsible.

(2) Rectify and close brick-making enterprises in cement mines.

1, work closely with relevant departments, and * * * Qi Xin will work together to form a joint force;

The first batch of enterprises included in the plan to excavate the remaining 30 cement bricks were shut down and turned around, and closed before the end of February 2003. Quarries and brick factories that the Municipal Economic Commission, key cement enterprises and the Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources have been paying attention to, the Municipal Quality Supervision Bureau strictly handled the cement production license, and the Municipal Public Security Bureau stopped the supply of explosives to prevent related enterprises from resuming production.

2. Control mining and mineral processing enterprises.

(hereinafter referred to as the visual scope, tourist protection areas, national and provincial trunk highways (including expressways), provincial trunk highways, tourist highways and railways on both sides of Qiantang River, Fuchun River, Liangzhu Cultural Protection Area), no new mines and mineral processing enterprises shall be built in the future. This work is carried out by the Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources and relevant districts and counties (cities).

3. Close the transition plan in order to readjust the mining and mineral processing enterprises.

(1) The Municipal Economic Commission and cement production enterprises stopped determining the comprehensive utilization of resources (projects). The enterprise was closed and turned to plan synchronization.

(2) The Municipal Planning Commission and the Municipal Economic Commission should strictly control the newly-built cement enterprises, which must adopt the rotary kiln production line with a daily output of 5,000 tons of clinker, and the existing vertical kiln production line must be closed at the same time. The Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources should strictly follow the development plan of mines and mineral resources.

(3) The planned new round of mining and the closure of mineral enterprises. The three five-year plans (2004-2006) will gradually eliminate the mining and mineral processing enterprises with serious pollution within the city's visual range. By the end of 2005, the mining and beneficiation enterprises in Xiaoshan District, Yuhang District, Fuyang City and Lin 'an City will be eliminated. Within the scope of the elimination plan of cement enterprises formulated by the Municipal Economic Commission, it is planned to develop quarries, and the Municipal Planning and Land Resources Bureau will formulate a summary report on the elimination plan of brick and tile factories, which will be reported to the municipal government for approval, and the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau will be responsible for it.

4. All cement kiln enterprises install dust online monitoring system.

In Hangzhou, where the financial departments at all levels are in charge of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, it is necessary to maintain the installation of the on-line monitoring system for dust in the cement machine shaft kiln, entrust specialized operating companies to operate, and seriously investigate and deal with too many enterprises. & ltBR/(3) Control and management of dust on construction sites and roads.

1, control and management of dust in various construction sites.

(1) Provisions on all construction sites in this area, construction land and civilized construction in Hangzhou (Order of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government 1 13), Measures for Commercial Concrete in Hangzhou (Order of the Government 1 15), Measures for the Prevention and Control of Dust Pollution in Hangzhou (Order of the Municipal Government) The municipal government 192) stipulates that the civilized construction of civilized construction sites should be vigorously promoted to create a city, and the materials for traffic closure should cover the city, clean and hard concrete and the site.

(2) In the bidding and qualification management of construction projects, the approved dust pollution project management should be listed as an important project bidding, fund and dust pollution management fund for the valuation of engineering physical quantities, so as to ensure the civilized construction of the project site and the funds for dust pollution control.

(3) The Municipal Construction Committee will continue to carry out activities to create civilized construction sites. Especially for the supervision and management of key projects in provinces and cities, construction stages, construction peak periods, small construction sites or websites in downtown areas and civilized construction sites, and strengthen the dynamic transformation of local work. In order to achieve long-term management, we should adhere to the "all-in-one card" system, strengthen the incentive and restraint mechanism, cancel the websites exposed by the civilized site selection qualification, civilized construction and dust pollution management news media, and record the rewards and punishments in the credit file as a necessary condition for annual target assessment, business inspection and market access, so as to achieve rewards and punishments in place.

(4) The Project Construction Committee should focus on the following work: all websites (including road construction sites, municipal sites, telecom base stations, power websites and river regulation websites) within the main urban area must be hardened, and special equipment (special treatment plants) should be set up at the vehicle import and export sites, internal roads, sewage treatment facilities and construction site entrances and exits, and wheel soil should be automatically cleaned. There is no soil (the installation rate of cleaning equipment reached 50% and 100% in 2003, and all websites must use commercial concrete and concrete in 2004). The main city is not allowed to have its own concrete mixing station, and the secondary dust is strictly controlled. The construction waste in the high construction site shall be taken out from the vertical application container and shall not be dumped.

(5) The Municipal Housing Management Bureau and the Land and Resources Bureau are responsible for the prevention and control of dust pollution at the demolition site according to their respective management responsibilities, and do a good job of inspection. The demolition unit of the project is expected to include the cost of dust pollution control, the cost of demolition engineering envelope, and the cost of dense-mesh envelope on the side of streets and densely populated areas, and ensure the earmarking.

Manage and control road dust.

(1) The Municipal Transportation Management Office has improved the management of sand transport enterprises in the city. Before the construction project starts, the area of the construction unit? The competent administrative department of city appearance and environmental sanitation is responsible for handling the disposal procedures of engineering dregs, formulating the quasi-transportation system of transportation units (self-employed households), strengthening the management of dregs transportation and resolutely putting an end to transportation. "STH over and over again, spill, drip and leak.

(2) The administrative department of urban environmental sanitation should strengthen the management of muck transport vehicles, require the issuance of transport permits, and put an end to illegal immigration transport. The Municipal Law Enforcement Bureau and the Traffic Police Detachment of the Municipal Public Security Bureau should strengthen the supervision of muck transport vehicles, shut down vehicles that do not meet the requirements, resolutely investigate and deal with them, and force the elimination of unlicensed, unlicensed and assembled vehicles.

(3) Accelerate the transformation of muck transport vehicles. There are nearly 1000 transport vehicles with closed devices in major cities, and the traffic police detachment of the Municipal Public Security Bureau cooperates with relevant municipal departments to carry out the transformation of closed vehicles throughout the city. The annual inspection cycle of vehicles should be combined with the annual inspection cycle of muck transport vehicles. The transformation was completed by the end of 2004, and more than 90% of the vehicles were closed for transformation. At the same time, strictly approve vehicles. On the day of the document, all major cities in Yuncheng must close when introducing new vehicles, otherwise they will not be stuck and will not be allowed to visit.

(4) Increase investment in equipment such as machine sweepers and high-pressure cleaning vehicles for sprinklers in major cities. In order to improve the scanning speed of road machine. The city's road cleaning area is 1.555 million square meters, and the road cleaning rate in major cities will reach 50%, 70% in 2003, 70% in 2004 and 0/.000% in 2005. High-pressure cleaning vehicles must be added to ensure that the main roads are watered at least three times a day, and installed in existing sprinklers to carry out wet spraying operations.

(5) Practice of actively improving and perfecting roads. Pursuing two combinations, mainly promoting non-motor vehicles and developing fast lanes, and realizing the combination of mechanical cleaning and high-pressure washing through mechanical cleaning, dry cleaning and wet washing.

(6) The proportion of dust pollution in open storage yard is increasing. Effective dust prevention measures must be taken for the main dust generated and the open storage yard (muck, coal, sand and gravel, garbage, etc.). ) and freight yard, and shall report to the local environmental protection department for registration. The competent department in the yard should earnestly implement the management responsibility.

Control motor vehicle pollution

1, the Municipal Planning Commission, the Trade Bureau, the Public Security Bureau, the Disabled Persons' Federation, the Finance Bureau, the Traffic Police Detachment of the Public Security Bureau, the Environmental Protection Bureau and other departments further improved the implementation of the system filing system, canceled the fuel moped (including the disabled moped) plan, and prohibited motor vehicles from being scrapped in foreign countries and unlicensed fuel mopeds, thus improving the vehicle grade. , completely solved the pollution problem.

2, the municipal public security bureau to develop external transit traffic diversion scheme as soon as possible, in order to reduce the urban traffic pressure, reduce the pollution of imported cars, the whole city.

3. Urban construction asset management companies increase investment in upgrading buses, actively introduce market competition mechanisms, and accelerate the elimination of backward buses. The engines with 93 emission standards were all completed in 2005, and 50% of vehicles with Euro II emission standards and no pollution reached in 2006, and all vehicles reached Euro II emission or no pollution.

4. The Municipal Public Security Bureau, the Transportation Bureau and the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau should control motor vehicle pollution, further improve law enforcement, strengthen the sampling and testing of automobile exhaust, expand the monitoring area when the vehicles arrive at the entrance of the city, and strictly control the vehicles exceeding the standard to enter the urban roads. In order to strengthen the regular inspection of urban vehicles and road sampling inspection, severely crack down on vehicles exceeding the standard.

5. The Municipal Planning Commission and the Municipal Bureau of Quality Supervision should strengthen the inspection, supervision and management of urban oil quality, investigate and deal with oil business units that do not meet the requirements, encourage units and individuals to purify smoke and dust and fuel energy-saving additives, and reduce motor vehicle exhaust. 6. The Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau of automobile exhaust detection equipment based on infrared remote sensing technology, in order to speed up the installation process and increase the supervision of the use of motor vehicles in cities.

The source of air pollution

Smoke pollution, industrial pollution, dust pollution and automobile exhaust pollution.

Second, the main tasks and responsibilities

(1) Industrial coal-fired remediation enterprises.

1, focusing on improving power plants (thermal power plants) and coal-fired power generation enterprises.

(1) Pay close attention to the shutdown of 2 million kilowatts of small thermal power units in Mid-Levels Power Plant.

& gt The annual coal consumption of Banshan Power Plant is 65.438+0.27 billion tons. The desulfurization facilities of two 50,000-kilowatt units are the deadline stipulated by the state to shut down small thermal power units in 2003, but is there anything in this plant that can stop this plan? This problem should be solved by the coordination of the provincial government departments, and these two units will end before the end of February 2003. This work is led by the Municipal Economic Commission and the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau.

(2) implementation. The flue gas desulfurization treatment project of Xiaoshan Power Plant consists of two units 125000 kW. Xiaoshan Power Plant consumes 800,000 tons of coal every year. Provincial government departments should be required to coordinate and solve problems and complete the flue gas desulfurization treatment project. The Municipal Economic Commission takes the lead and the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau cooperates.

(3) Strengthen the control and remediation of low-frame pollution sources, especially the flue gas desulfurization control of thermal power enterprises at the end of 2004.

There are 2 1 thermal power plants (stations) and 75 boilers in Hangzhou. By the end of 2004, the annual coal consumption reached 225 million tons. It is necessary to establish on-line flue gas monitoring and flue gas desulfurization treatment. The sulfur content of the engineering system is 0.6%, and the desulfurization efficiency is more than 70%, which is 50% in 2003 and 50% in 2004. This work is supervised by the Municipal Economic Commission and the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau.

2. Pay close attention to adjusting the industrial structure and product structure of Hangzhou iron and steel, and stop the production lines of coke and pig iron. The annual coal consumption of Hanggang is nearly/kloc-0.03 million tons, accounting for about 1/3 of the total steel used for steelmaking. The remaining 2/3 iron ore, coke, pellets, dust, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides (including 700,000 tons of coking coal/year) discharged in the process of sintering, ironmaking and steelmaking still cannot be effectively collected and treated. The smoke and dust of sintering machine seriously exceeded the standard. According to the data of Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center Station, the amount of dust in the mid-level air is four times that in the main city.

In the process of implementing cleaner production, the provincial government departments of Hanggang should be required to ensure the annual emission reduction of pollutants 15%, the relocation of coke and pig iron with serious pollution, and the coordination of product structure adjustment. Before the serious smoke problem of sintering machine production line was solved, the coking furnace was built at the end of 65438+February in 2003 and 1975 in 2004. Before the end of 2005, another coke oven that can buy the required coke was eliminated, and the last one, the blast furnace, was closed before the end of 2005, with a ratio of 20 10. No-burn zone ".

The central city where the overall work is organized and implemented by the municipal leading group, the low-frame source code of coal-fired boilers within a time limit, and the central city where the Municipal Bureau of Quality Supervision and relevant departments are working, natural gas is gradually phasing out coal-fired boilers, accelerating the pace of introduction, strategically adjusting the energy structure, and increasing the proportion of gas fuel, which has gradually become the main energy source in Hangzhou; With the progress of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau and the requirements of improving the environment and introducing natural gas, the forward gear of the "no-burning zone" will be adjusted appropriately.

Xiaoshan and Yuhang district governments should increase investment, ban burning areas in the medium term and complete the transformation task in 2003.

4. Formulate domestic standards for coal burning and air emission.

It is necessary to develop strict emission standards according to customers' requirements, such as "Hangzhou high-quality low-sulfur coal and products" and "Hangzhou air pollutant emission standards" in order to improve the atmospheric environmental quality in Hangzhou. The Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau and the Municipal Quality Supervision Bureau are responsible for this work.

(2) Rectify and close brick-making enterprises in cement mines.

1, work closely with relevant departments to form a joint force.

The first batch of enterprises were included in the closure plan, and the remaining 30 cement bricks were closed and transferred for 65438+before the end of February 2003. Cement enterprises under the supervision of the Municipal Public Security Bureau, quarries and brick factories valued by the Municipal Economic Commission and the Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources, and the Municipal Bureau of Quality Supervision strictly handle cement production licenses, handle, control and stop the supply of explosives, and prevent related enterprises from resuming production.

2. Control mining and mineral processing enterprises.

(hereinafter referred to as the Qiantang River, Fuchun River banks, Liangzhu cultural reserves and protected areas, national highways (including expressways), provincial highways, tourist highways and railways within the visual range), new mines and mineral processing enterprises have no further prospects. This work is carried out by the Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources and relevant districts and counties (cities).

3. Close the transition plan in order to readjust the mining and mineral processing enterprises.

(1) Municipal Economic Commission, a cement production enterprise that has stopped the comprehensive utilization of resources (projects) and is synchronized with the enterprise's shutdown and transfer plan.

(2) The Municipal Planning Commission and the Municipal Economic Commission should strictly control new cement enterprises. New cement enterprises must adopt a new rotary kiln production line with a daily output of 5000 tons of clinker. At the same time, the existing kiln production line for producing mines must be closed. The Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources should strictly follow the development plan of mines and mineral resources.

(3) Do a good job in the new round of industrial and mining enterprises closure planning. Mining and mineral processing enterprises within the scope of the three five-year plans (2004-2006) will gradually phase out cities with serious pollution. Before the end of 2005, within the scope of eliminating mining and mineral processing enterprises, Xiaoshan District, Yuhang District, Fuyang City and Lin 'an City were seriously polluted. The Municipal Economic Commission has formulated a plan for the elimination of cement enterprises, the Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources has formulated a quarry plan, and the Municipal Planning Commission has formulated a bricklaying procedure. The Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau is responsible for examining and approving the summary report of the municipal party committee and municipal government.

4. All cement kiln enterprises that install dust online monitoring system.

The financial departments at all levels are responsible for installing the online monitoring system for dust in the shaft kiln of Hangzhou cement machine. If it is necessary to ensure production, they will entrust specialized operating companies to operate and severely punish enterprises that exceed the standard.

(3) Control and management of dust on construction sites and roads.

1, control and management of dust in various construction sites.

(1) Regulations on Civilized Construction of Construction Sites in Hangzhou, all construction sites in this area (OrderNo. 1 13), Measures for Commercial Concrete in Hangzhou (OrderNo. 1 15 should be resolutely implemented by the government), and Management of Dust Pollution Prevention and Control in Hangzhou. And "Measures for the Administration of Dregs in Hangzhou" (DecreeNo. 192 of the municipal government), vigorously promote the city's civilized construction sites to create a civilized city, close the cover of transportation materials, and ensure that the concrete entering and leaving the construction site is clean and hard.

(2) The implementation of dust pollution project management approved by the Municipal Construction Committee in the bidding and qualification management of construction projects will need to be taken as an important project bidding. In the bidding of construction projects, the physical quantity and price of dust pollution control projects are charged from the raised funds to ensure the civilized construction on the project site and the dust pollution control funds.

(3) The Municipal Construction Committee continues to carry out activities to create civilized construction sites. Especially in the transformation and construction stage of key projects in provinces and cities, during the peak period of construction, are small-scale engineering websites or websites still in downtown areas? Do a good job in the supervision and management of civilized construction sites and strengthen their efforts. In order to achieve long-term management, we should adhere to the "one-card" system, strengthen the incentive and restraint mechanism, cancel the qualification of civilized construction site selection and the websites exposed by the news media for dust pollution control, and record them in credit files as necessary conditions for annual target assessment, business inspection and market access, so as to achieve rewards and punishments in place.

(4) The Project Construction Committee should focus on the following work: all websites (including road construction sites, municipal sites, telecom base stations, power websites and river regulation websites) within the main urban area must be hardened, and special equipment (special treatment plants) should be set up at the vehicle import and export sites, internal roads, sewage treatment facilities and construction site entrances and exits, and wheel soil should be automatically cleaned. There is no soil (the installation rate of cleaning equipment reached 50% and 100% in 2003, and all websites must use commercial concrete and concrete in 2004). The main city is not allowed to have its own concrete mixing station, and the secondary dust is strictly controlled. The construction waste in the high construction site shall be taken out from the vertical application container and shall not be dumped.

(5) The Municipal Housing Authority and the Bureau of Land and Resources shall, according to their respective management responsibilities, be responsible for the inspection of the prevention and control of dust pollution at the demolition site, and master the project budget, including the cost of dust pollution control, the cost of forced demolition of the engineering envelope, and the cost of the side dense network envelope in the streets and densely populated areas, so as to ensure earmarking. BR/>； Manage and control road dust.

(1) urban management office, in order to improve the level of urban management, what are the construction projects started by sand transport enterprises and the areas where the construction units are located? The competent administrative department of city appearance and environmental sanitation is responsible for handling the disposal procedures of engineering muck, formulating the quasi-transportation system for transport units (self-employed households), strengthening the management of muck transportation, and resolutely stopping the transportation. "STH over and over again, spill, drip, leak.

(2) The administrative department of urban environmental sanitation should strengthen the management of muck transport vehicles, require the issuance of transport permits, and put an end to the transfer of illegal immigrants. Close the Municipal Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau and the Traffic Police Detachment of the Municipal Public Security Bureau to strengthen the supervision of muck transport vehicles, resolutely investigate and deal with vehicles that do not meet the requirements, and forcibly eliminate unlicensed assembled vehicles.

(3) Accelerate the transformation of muck transport vehicles.