Basic Principles of New Rural Endowment Insurance in China

Interpretation of the new rural insurance policy (I) 1. How to "dock" the new rural insurance and the old rural insurance? Before the pilot implementation of the new rural endowment insurance, some places in China also explored rural endowment insurance, which is often referred to as "old rural endowment insurance". Talking about the connection between the old and new agricultural insurance, Hu Xiaoyi, Vice Minister of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, introduced when he visited the Chinese government website on June 5438+05 that the old agricultural insurance business has basically stopped now, and all areas that have engaged in the new agricultural insurance will directly convert the old agricultural insurance into the new agricultural insurance. For example, he said, if a farmer who has participated in the old rural insurance is over 60 years old, he can directly enjoy the basic pension of 55 yuan money issued by the government every month as long as he starts the pilot project in his area according to the policy of the new rural insurance; At the same time, the old farmer's insurance pension he received in the past will continue to be paid, and will not be written off, and will be collected for life. Even if 55 yuan's money is raised again in the future, the old farmer's money will still be increased. Farmers under the age of 60 can continue to participate in the new rural insurance on a voluntary basis. If the old farmer has a personal account, he will merge the personal account of the old farmer's insurance and the personal account of the new rural insurance, add them together, and finally calculate them uniformly after the age of 60. "The general principle is that all the rights and interests of participating in the old rural insurance are recognized and all of them are merged and superimposed on the new rural insurance." Is the basic pension in 2.55 yuan low? According to the current scheme of the new rural endowment insurance, the minimum standard pension is 55 yuan per month, which is paid by the government and the central government for the central and western regions. Regarding the basis for the formulation of the 55 yuan standard, Hu Xiaoyi explained, firstly, considering that the institutional old-age security for farmers was basically "0" in the past, it was a great leap from 0 to 55 yuan. 55 yuan's monthly cash income is quite useful to an old man in many rural areas, especially in remote areas. On the other hand, all the money in 55 yuan is from the government. There are more than 6,543.8 billion elderly people in rural areas in China, and the annual expenditure of the central government alone is nearly 70 billion yuan. Therefore, we must consider the current financial affordability. Hu Xiaoyi also stressed that the state will adjust the basic pension level according to economic development and price changes, and will not stay in 55 yuan all the time. 3. Why do you emphasize that "the elderly receive a pension and their children must be insured"? There is a premise that the rural elderly who have reached the age of 60 in the pilot area receive 55 yuan pension every month, that is, their children must pay insurance premiums. In this regard, Hu Xiaoyi said that if the elderly residents are completely unconditionally guaranteed, with the current level of people's social insurance awareness, it is likely that only the elderly or people near the elderly will participate in insurance, while young farmers are not very active. Old-age security is a long-term institutional arrangement, and the government wants to guide everyone to participate in the insurance, so this arrangement has been made. Secondly, letting the children of these elderly people participate in insurance payment is not to use their money to support their parents. The old people's pension is paid by the government. They pay insurance in order to save money for themselves in the future, and the government will give no less than 30 yuan's money subsidies when paying the fees. The children's contributions are included in their personal accounts, which are solid from the beginning and will never make farmers suffer. If a young farmer pays 100 yuan or even 300 yuan money a year, the government will subsidize the young farmer, and his parents will spend 1300 yuan more each year in 660 yuan. In addition, such a provision is also an institutional arrangement to show respect for the elderly in the cultural tradition of the Chinese nation. 4. What's the difference between the new rural insurance and the old-age insurance for urban workers? Hu Xiaoyi said, first of all, the objects of protection are different. The basic old-age insurance for urban workers is to protect urban employment groups; However, the new rural endowment insurance protects rural residents. Secondly, the basic old-age insurance for urban workers is compulsory according to national laws and regulations, and employers, employers and individual workers must pay fees according to regulations; Rural endowment insurance emphasizes the principle of voluntariness, that is, farmers participate voluntarily and do not engage in compulsory orders. Thirdly, one of the new rural insurance policies is not included in the basic old-age insurance for urban workers, and this principle is "flexibility". In the basic old-age insurance for urban workers, there are prescribed payment ratios, prescribed eligibility for insurance and prescribed payment standards. The new rural insurance reflects "flexibility". For example, the designed payment standard ranges from 100 yuan to the fifth grade in 500 yuan, and farmers can choose independently according to their income level. At the same time, local governments are allowed to increase the payment standard, which can be raised or lowered, in order to adapt to the actual situation of unbalanced economic development and large differences in farmers' income levels. Finally, the financing structure is different. The main body of financing for the basic old-age insurance for urban workers is the employer, and of course there are also individual contributions. The main investor of the new rural endowment insurance is the government, which gives basic pensions to the elderly and subsidies to the young and middle-aged. 5. What kind of endowment insurance should migrant workers participate in? At present, there are nearly 200 million migrant workers in China. Regarding their insurance options, Hu Xiaoyi said that there are many situations in which farmers go to work in cities, which should be analyzed in detail. If they have been working relatively stably in large-scale enterprises, then these migrant workers should participate in the basic old-age insurance for urban workers. Of course, in the basic old-age insurance for urban workers, there will be specific policy arrangements on how migrant workers participate in the insurance, pay fees, pay fees, transfer and accumulation of future rights and interests, and relevant policies will also be introduced this year. If migrant workers come to cities for flexible employment, such as doing some short-term jobs, or helping some individuals to earn some income by working, then they can not participate in the basic old-age insurance for urban workers, but can participate in the new rural insurance. Hu Xiaoyi also stressed that if a migrant worker participates in the basic old-age insurance for urban workers, his social security rights and interests will be clearly and continuously recorded. Even if he doesn't meet the basic endowment insurance conditions for urban workers and wants to go back to the countryside to continue to participate in the new rural endowment insurance, his rights and interests in urban work can still be transferred back to the countryside. In other words, the two can be related. In addition, the new rural old-age insurance and family planning support and reward policies are also superimposed, and the original family planning reward and assistance funds will not be written off just because the rural elderly receive basic pensions. The new rural endowment insurance and rural subsistence allowance are also parallel systems and will not conflict. Interpretation of the new rural endowment insurance policy (II) Four questions about the new rural endowment insurance system has been officially launched. So, is the new rural insurance a pure welfare subsidy? Is the personal account of the new rural endowment insurance virtual or real? How to solve the regional differences? How to connect with other pension insurance systems? First, is the new rural insurance a pure welfare subsidy? The new rural endowment insurance system is an inclusive institutional arrangement, so can it be regarded as a pure welfare subsidy? Hu Xiaoyi denied the question. According to Hu Xiaoyi, the new rural old-age insurance is a financing method combining individual contributions, collective subsidies and government subsidies. In fact, the new rural endowment insurance is a social insurance system, which is different from the social assistance system for helping the poor. The principle of adapting rights and obligations is implemented, and individual payment is the premise of enjoying treatment. According to the regulations, rural residents who participate in the new rural old-age insurance should pay the old-age insurance premium in accordance with the regulations, except for rural elderly residents who have reached the age of 60 when the new rural old-age insurance system is implemented. In order to adapt to the characteristics of low income, great difference and instability of rural residents, the payment standard is currently set at one year 100 yuan, divided into five grades: 200 yuan, 300 yuan, 400 yuan and 500 yuan. All localities can add payment grades according to local actual conditions, which can be increased from low to high. Rural residents choose voluntarily at their own expense. In principle, it is paid once a year, and different payment grades can be selected according to the income of different years. Local governments can formulate appropriate incentive policies to guide eligible young and middle-aged farmers to choose higher standard payment and long-term payment to improve their future pension level. The state adjusts the payment grade in time according to the growth of farmers' per capita net income. Hu Xiaoyi said: "the State Council also requires qualified village collective organizations, social welfare organizations and those individuals who get rich first to try their best to provide funding and subsidies for farmers to participate in the new rural insurance." Second, is the personal account of the new rural endowment insurance virtual or real? According to the arrangement of the new rural endowment insurance system, the state establishes a personal account for endowment insurance for each insured person. Individual contributions, collective subsidies, subsidies from other social and economic organizations and subsidies from local governments to the insured are all credited to individual accounts. Because there is an empty account in the endowment insurance for urban workers, some people worry that the personal account of the "new rural insurance" is also empty. Hu Xiaoyi said: "From the design point of view, the thinking is very clear, and a real account should be made from the beginning. There is an empty account for the old-age insurance for urban workers because we have not accumulated it in the past, so we should implement this kind of replacement. The' new rural insurance' has no historical burden in the past and can be implemented from scratch. " According to reports, the personal accounts of the new rural insurance participants currently bear interest every year with reference to the RMB one-year deposit rate of financial institutions announced by the People's Bank of China. The insured person can inquire personal account information from the agency or agent bank. Third, how to solve the regional differences in payment? At present, there is a great gap in the economic development between the east, the middle and the west of China. Due to the difference between collective subsidies and government subsidies, will this aggravate the difference between farmers in the eastern, central and western regions? Hu Xiaoyi admitted that there may be differences between the eastern, central and western regions due to different financial resources and different levels of economic development, but he stressed that the State Council's guiding opinions on the pilot work of the new rural social endowment insurance itself are trying to narrow these differences. Hu Xiaoyi said that it is precisely because of the relatively weak financial resources in the central and western regions that the central government fully subsidizes the basic pension of the "new rural insurance" in the central and western regions with 55 yuan money per month, which is equivalent to double the subsidy in the eastern region. In addition, all provinces consider giving more subsidies to relatively poor counties when formulating pilot implementation plans. Hu Xiaoyi said: "This subsidy is also inclined, with the aim of narrowing regional differences." Four, how to connect with other old-age insurance systems? How to connect the new rural insurance with the old rural insurance, the endowment insurance for urban workers and the endowment insurance for urban residents? According to reports, all insured persons who have participated in the old rural insurance, reached the age of 60 and have received the old rural insurance pension can enjoy the basic pension of the new rural insurance; For the insured who have participated in the old-age insurance, have not reached the age of 60, and have not received the pension, the funds in the personal account of the old-age insurance should be incorporated into the personal account of the new old-age insurance, and continue to pay according to the payment standard of the new old-age insurance, and enjoy the corresponding treatment when meeting the prescribed conditions. At present, some rural residents have participated in the basic old-age insurance for urban workers, or enjoyed social security for landless farmers, rural family planning incentives, rural five-guarantee support, social preferential treatment, rural minimum living security, and reservoir resettlement support policies. Relevant departments in the State Council will formulate relevant policies to link up the new rural endowment insurance with these systems and policies without lowering the standards and damaging the vested interests of rural residents. Hu Xiaoyi said: "As for some specific policy convergence issues, such as the convergence between urban and rural areas and the convergence between provincial flows, they will be solved one by one through pilot practice." -Excerpt from Hu Xiaoyi, Vice Minister of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, answering a reporter's question on the new rural insurance system that the society cares about at the press conference of the State Council Office held on September 9th.

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