Why is wasteland reclamation regarded as Cao Cao's black spot?

Because Cao Cao's policy of reclaiming farmland looks good, it solves the problem of refugees wandering around, and then there is land to plant, so that Cao Cao's army can have rations when fighting in the north to alleviate the crisis, but everything is born at the expense of the people's interests.

Although Cao Cao's policy of reclaiming farmland is to let the people start farming and gather scattered refugees to grow food, everything must be based on meeting the needs of the army, and 70% to 30% of the food will be handed in later. In the future, if ordinary people rent cattle and horses from the army, they must pay a copy.

Therefore, from the Cao Cao period to the establishment of Wei State, although the reclamation system effectively provided a large number of rations for the army, during the Deng Ai period, land was planted in Huainan area that could provide rations for the army for ten years, but all this was for the sake of the army without considering the people;

To put it bluntly, Cao Cao provided the people with land, but these were only to satisfy their own interests. Although they helped alleviate the crisis of the exiled people, they only got a job, from which they could only get a little food and clothing. Most of the rations were taken away by the military, but the people still had a hard time and couldn't get rid of this wasteland system. Therefore, whenever Shu Han or Wu Dong immigrates, people are very happy.

The reason why the system of wasteland reclamation can be realized is that there are too many people in exile in the north, and the reason why there are so many people in exile is also because Cao Cao slaughtered cities everywhere. Before that, he adopted the strategy of killing cities many times in Xuzhou, Huainan, Qiu, Hebei and other places, so the people began to be displaced and homeless, which paved the way for Cao Cao to implement the system of reclaiming wasteland, so it was Cao Cao's responsibility, but Cao Cao used more pain to repay them.

Although Zhuge Liang also cultivated land in the Battle of Wuzhangyuan, Zhuge Liang cultivated land with the army and the people, and the government and the people benefited together, which is obviously different from Cao Cao's farming.