Who are the four masters of regular script in the history of calligraphy in China? What are the representative works?

Ou Yangxun in Tang Dynasty, Yan Zhenqing in Tang Dynasty, Liu Gongquan in Tang Dynasty and Zhao Mengfu in Yuan Dynasty.

Ou Yangxun 1

Ou Yangxun (557-64 1) was born in Linxiang (now Changsha, Hunan), Tanzhou, Han nationality, a famous calligrapher and official in the Tang Dynasty, and one of the four masters of regular script.

Sun of General Liang Zhengnan in the Southern Dynasties, son of General Ouyang Kun in the Southern Dynasties, was born in Hengzhou (now Hengyang, Hunan) in the second year of Liang Taiping in the Southern Dynasties (AD 557), and his ancestral home was Linxiang in Tanzhou (now Changsha, Hunan).

Ou Yangxun, together with his contemporaries Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang and Xue Qi, were called the four masters in the early Tang Dynasty. Because his son Ouyang Tong is also good at calligraphy, he is also called "Big Europe".

He and Yu Shinan were both famous for their calligraphy in the early Tang Dynasty, also known as "Ou Yu". Later generations see danger in Chinese books, which is the most convenient for beginners and named "European style".

Representative regular script includes Jiuchenggong Li Quanming, Huangfu Birthday Monument, Huadu Temple Monument, and running script includes Zhong Nimeng's stippling and running script with thousands of characters.

2. Yan Zhenqing

Yan Zhenqing (August 23, 709-784) was born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi). , ancestral home in Linyi (now Linyi, Shandong). Yan Shigu V was a famous official, calligrapher and secretary supervisor in the Tang Dynasty. He was once a famous painter such as Sun and Situ.

In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), Yan Zhenqing became a scholar and served as a supervisor in the temple. Later, because he offended Yang, the powerful minister, he was demoted to be the prefect of the plain and was called "Yan Plain" by the world.

During the Anshi Rebellion, Yan Zhenqing led a crusade against the rebels. Later, he went to Fengxiang and was made a minister. When Tang Daizong was an official, he went to the official department of Shangshu Province, and a prince and a surname named him Duke Lu, which was called Duke Yan Lu in history.

In the first year of Xingyuan (784), he was sent to tell the rebel Li Xilie that he refused the thief in awe and was finally slapped to death. After he was killed, Cao's heirs and soldiers of the three armed forces cried. Posthumous title Si Tuleideng, posthumous title "in the text".

His representative works include Duo Pagoda Monument, Poem to Encourage Learning, Yan Monument, and Manuscript to Sacrifice Nephew.

3. Liu Gongquan

Liu Gongquan (778-865), the word is sincere. Jingzhao Garden (now Yaozhou District, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province) was born. A famous calligrapher and poet in the middle Tang Dynasty, the younger brother of Liu Gongchu, the minister of war.

Liu Gongquan became a scholar at the age of twenty-nine. In his early years, he served as secretary of provincial studies and was incorporated into the Li Ting shogunate. In Mu Zong, Jing Zong and Wenzong Dynasty, he served in the official residence and grew up in North Korea.

* * * During the Seven Dynasties, the official was the Prince, and he was named the Duke of Hedong County, and the official was the Prince Taibao, so it was called "Liu". In the sixth year of Xian Tong (865), Liu Gongquan died at the age of 88. Got a prince's last name.

Liu Gongquan's calligraphy is famous for regular script. He learned from Wang Xizhi at first, and later visited the famous calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty. He absorbed Yan Zhenqing's strengths and new ideas, and created his own unique "Liu Ti", which was famous for its infinite strength and was later known as "Yan Gu".

It is also called "Yan Liu" with Yan Zhenqing, and "four masters of regular script" with Ou Yangxun, Yan Zhenqing and Zhao Mengfu.

Representative works include Fu, Sixteen-Day Post and Insulting Hunan Post.

4. Zhao Mengfu

Zhao Mengfu (f incarnation) (125410120 July-1322 July 30), born in Song Xue Road, Han nationality, also known as Taoist Jing Gong and Goulpeau, worked in Mengfu in middle age.

Xing Wu, Zhejiang (now Huzhou, Zhejiang) people. A famous calligrapher, painter and poet at the end of Southern Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, his grandson, a descendant of Qin Wang Zhao.

In the 23rd year of Zhiyuan (1286), Zhao Mengfu was recommended by Cheng Jufu, an imperial envoy of Taiwan, and was respected by Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu. He has served as a bachelor in Jixian County, general manager of Jinan Road, a Confucian scholar in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and a bachelor in Hanlin.

Cheng Zhi, Bachelor of Hanlin, Doctor Rong Lu. In his later years, he gradually retired and then asked for help from his illness. In the second year of Zhi Zhi (1322), Zhao Mengfu died at the age of 69.

His representative works include Song Xuezhai's Anthology, Drinking Horses in Autumn Suburbs, Shrubbery with Stone, Songshi Laozi and so on.

Extended data:

Four-person font:

1, European style

European style is a regular script font created by Ou Yangxun, a great calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. It is characterized by the combination of harmony, strong stippling and cohesive brushwork. It is steep and rigorous. Keep the side stable, compact and sparse.

2, color body

The font style of Yan Zhenqing, a calligrapher in Tang Dynasty. His calligraphy was a beginner of Chu Suiliang, and later he learned Zhang Xu's brushwork. His block letters are dignified and dignified, and the momentum is open. Running script is vigorous, Yu Bo. The ancient law is one of the changes, and it is called "Yan Di" internationally.

3. Liu Ti

Liu's body is balanced, thin and hard, chasing Weibei steadily, with smooth and beautiful stippling, thick bones and tight body. "Books are expensive, thin and hard, and the spirit is clear." Compared with his face, his regular script is slightly flat and thin, so it is called "Yan Gu".

4. Zhao Ti

Fonts tend to be flat, Zhao Ti's strokes are round and beautiful, and the shelves are square.

Zhao Ti sketched, pressed, stretched horizontally, and the word potential spread horizontally. Borrowing running scripts, some words are beautiful and moving between running scripts.

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