The origin of the surname "Wei"

1, origin

Originated from the surname of Ji, taking the country as the surname.

The original meaning of the word "Wei" is to defend and guard. It appears many times in Oracle Bone Inscriptions and inscriptions on bronze, and it is a knowing word. Its shape: there is a mouth in the middle, representing the city, and one foot on each side. Luo Zhenyu interprets it as: Everyone is besieged, which means guarding the city.

Take the word "Wei" as the symbol of the surname and the country name as the surname. Wei was a country with the surname of Ji in the Zhou Dynasty, and its ninth son (the eighth son of He) was made a state by Wei Kangshu, and Qin was destroyed. After the country was destroyed, later generations took the country name Wei as their surname to commemorate the old country. Wei surname is derived from the country and is recognized by scholars who study Wei surname in later generations. Almost all ancient books have descriptions similar to Wei's sources. For example, Guang Yun Sacrifice says, "Wei: Ben Wei. Yizhou name. It's also a surname. After Prince Wei Kangshu of Zhou Wen, the country was broken. " Yuan He Shi Dian records as: "The eighth son, Kang Shu, was sealed in Wei and spread to the country for more than forty generations. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, the country was destroyed, and the descendants took the country as their surname. " "Tongzhi 26 takes the country as the surname" records: "The Wei family is also the country sealed by Kang Shu, the nine sons of Wen Wang. ..... Wei Jun crossed the toes for nine years, Qin merged with the world, and the descendants took the country as their surname. " There is also a record in the book "Thirteen Sacrifices of Ancient and Modern Surnames": "Ji surname. ..... scatter the country to the corner of Wei Jun that was destroyed by Qin Ershi, for Shu Ren, and future generations will take the country as their surname. "

Wei Kangshu is the ancestor of Wei Ji and Feng, his half-brother, and the ninth son of King Wen. When it was renamed, Wei became the country of Ji surname, and Kang Shu was also called Wei Kangshu.

Zhou Wuwang, who was still in the dynasty, established all the kings in the world, named Wu Genglu, the son of Shang Zhouwang, as Yin Jun, and gave him the management of the adherents of the Shang Dynasty in Song Dynasty (now Qixian County, Henan Province) as a sacrifice first. In order to prevent Wu Geng from leading the rebellion of the Yin people, the third brother's uncle was appointed to be in charge, the fifth brother's uncle was in Cai, and the eighth brother's uncle was in Huo. The land within the capital of Shang Dynasty was divided into three countries, namely, "Wei in the east, Yan in the south, and Zhu in the north" (Jade Piece City) and "Zhu". Forever,,; Wei, (Geographical Records of Hanshu) and * * * are all responsible for monitoring the adherents of Wu Geng and Shang Dynasty, which are called "Three Supervisors" in history. After death, the son succeeded to the throne as king. Because he was young, the Duke of Wu Wang helped him. Guan Shu, Cai Shu and other nobles suspected that the Duke of Zhou had usurped the throne and were extremely dissatisfied with the Duke of Zhou. As a result, Wu Geng was bullied and lured, and the eastern tribes such as Xu, Yan and Bogu United against Zhou. Duke Zhou obeyed the king's orders and sent troops to the East, defeating the rebels. Wu Geng was punished, Guan Shu committed suicide and Cai Shu was exiled. Therefore, the Duke of Zhou changed Kang Shu to Wei, managing seven families of Yin people (Dow, Shi, Fan, Qi, Hunger and Zhong Kui). Zhou Gongdan was worried that Kang Shu was too young to maintain his rule. He also held a ceremony to grant land and people to Kang Shu, and earnestly warned Kang Shu: We must find people with lofty ideals in the Yin Dynasty, learn from them the history of the rise and fall of the Yin Dynasty, and care for the people. He also promulgated the Gao Kang, Nine Reports, and Zi Cai as the guiding principles for Kang Shu to govern the country. Later, Kang Shu lived up to expectations, learned from the experience and lessons of the rise and fall of the Yin Dynasty, cherished the people's strength, and managed the country well. Kang Shu's reputation is growing day by day. When he came to Zhou Chengwang to take charge of the government, he was promoted to Scott (the highest official in charge of the national criminal law). In recognition of Kang Shu's virtue, Cheng Wang also gave him many treasures and ritual vessels. Historical Records of Wei Kangshu's Family records this in detail: "Wei Kangshu's real name is the same as Zhou Wuwang's mother and brother. ..... The king of Wu has conquered Yinzhou, and he was named the father of Wu Gengxu by Yin Yumin, which is better than a vassal, in order to serve him first. Fearing that Wu Geng might have bad intentions, King Wu made his younger brothers Guan Shu and Cai Shufu the fathers of Wu Genglu to make peace with his people. King Wu collapsed, but few people became kings. Zhou Gongdan became king and monarch. Guan Shu and Cai Shu suspected Duke Zhou, but they rebelled with Wu Genglu's father and wanted to attack Zhou. Zhou Gongdan killed Wu Genglu's father and Guan Shu, released Cai Shu, and together with Yin Yumin of Wu Geng, named Kang Shu Wei Jun, living in the commercial market between Hehe and Qi. Zhou Gongdan was afraid that Uncle Kang would have fewer teeth, so he said to Uncle Kang,' We must find Yin's sages and gentlemen's elders, and ask them to become prosperous first, so they will serve the people when they die.' Tell me why the dead are addicted to alcohol, so it's called Kang patent, wine patent and catalpa material. The country of Kangshu, in this life, can unite its people, the NPC said. When he became king, he used things, promoted Kang Shu to Zhou Sikou, and gave Wei a ritual vessel to show his virtue. "

Wei's ancestral home is between He and Qi.

Wei is the surname of Ji in the Zhou Dynasty, and it is a vassal state that was re-enfeoffed in the hometown of defending the country in Shang Dynasty. Wei was the capital of Shang Dynasty, and it still existed until the end of Shang Dynasty. When Zhou Wuwang attacked Zhou, he once attacked Wei. "Yi Zhou Shu Shi Jeff" Note: "White Sword vows to attack Wei with samurai". After the destruction of the Shang Dynasty, it was divided into three countries, with Wei in the east and Cai as the governor of Wu Geng. After the Wu Geng Rebellion was pacified, the Duke of Zhou renamed Kang Shu Wei Jun, "the old commercial city between Heqi".

Oracle Bone Inscriptions refers to a place name in the east of Shang Dynasty, especially Wei, which is 25 kilometers southwest of Xun County, Henan Province. Weixianji is the seat of Gu Wei county government, also known as Weixianji. Wang Yinglin's Textual Research on the Geography of Poetry is quoted from the National Records: "The old city of Chao Ge is 70 miles northeast of Weifang and 22 miles west of Weixian." Gao Shiqi's Textual Research on Geographical Names in the Spring and Autumn Period quoted Du You: "There is an ancient Song Cheng in the west of Wei County." Zheng's Geography of Shang Dynasty pointed out: "It was originally a place name to the east of a commercial town. At the beginning of the week, he was ordered to be stationed here to monitor the resistance of Yin adherents. Later, Kangshu was named Wei Jun because he was stationed here. Counter-insurgency victory, moving west to sing a song. Wei and Yin belong to the same throat, and the tone buttons are similar. In order to distinguish it from the overthrown Yin regime, although Kang Shu lived in Yin Ruins, he was still called Wei Jun. "

Wei Kangshu established the State of Wei, and its territory included Wei, Yi and Yi in the pre-Shang Dynasty. "History of Han Geography" records: "The preface of the book says:' The King of Wu collapsed, and the Three Supervisors rebelled', and the Duke of Zhou punished it and made his brother Kang Shu." Zheng Xuan's Book of Songs Wei Shu said: "After the Three Supervisors led Wu Geng to revolt, they not only killed Wu Geng, but also built princes in these three countries, and made Kang Shu Wei by Yin Yumin, making him long." Sun Yirang's Textual Research on Tai Wei pointed out: "Duke Zhou sealed Shu Kang with Wu Geng's hometown, and actually gained the whole territory. Because of its vast land, it is difficult to treat, so he still treats his sons differently according to his old land, which is divided into Yin and Dong. For example, when a teacher treats Qu Wo, Dong's son Ban Bie treats Gong, which is the king of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is in the east, although it is specialized in its city, it still belongs to its father, so it is slightly different from the three prisons. After Kang Shu was arrested, Kang Bosi was established, Dong Sui no longer established a monarch, and the poet was no longer separated from the three flavors. " Luo Zhong, Kang Bomou, the eldest son of Kang Shu, was also ordered to move eastward to Wu Geng. After the victory, he was sealed in the east, that is, the east. In fact, he is still under the jurisdiction of Kang Shu. The territory of Weiguo actually includes part of today's northern Henan Province and southern Hebei Province.

At the beginning of the patriotic movement, the capital sang in harmony. Chao Ge (now Qixian County, Henan Province), the capital of Wei Dynasty, was a big and important vassal state at that time. When Wei Kangshu VI was a grandson, he became a marquis. His grandson is Wei Wugong, and his name is He. He ascended the throne from 8 12 to his death in 758. During his 55-year reign, Wei's rule was relatively stable, with Zhou Liwang, Zhou Xuanwang and Zhou Youwang in history. 77 1 ago, Gou Rong attacked the Western Zhou Dynasty and killed it. Wei Wugong led the troops to assist Zhou Pingrong and made great contributions. Zhou Pingwang ordered him to become a civil servant. His name is Wei Wugong, and Hou Jinjue has been a national public defender since then.

Wei Daigong moved the capital to a grass. Guo Wei spread to Wei Yigong *** 16 for more than 400 years, and has been based in Chao Ge. In 669, Gong Yi ascended the throne. He lives in luxury and likes to raise cranes, and his subjects complain about it. In the seventeenth year of King Hui of Zhou (660 BC), he defeated Wei. He sent troops to defend Germany, and the officers and men disobeyed orders. Ren Di was like a bamboo, and he was killed. There is a record in Zuo Zhuan: "Wei Yigong is a good crane, and cranes have guests. Dewar Wei, a man who wants to fight, is called a crane. How do they fight? " Qi Huangong led the soldiers to cut Germany to save Wei, built Chuqiu (now east of hua county, Henan Province), and established Daigong. Dai Gong's sister is the wife of Song Huan Gong, so Song Huan Gong greeted more than 700 adherents of the whole country by the Yellow River, plus more than 5,000 people from * * * and let Dai Gong stay temporarily (now the former site of Baima City in hua county South 10 km). Because Wei's wife is Qi's daughter, he sent his son to lead 5000 troops and 300 chariots to be stationed in Cao Cao's place without loss. He also sent buses, horses and sacrificial clothes, and Wei's wife Yu Xuan and Chong Jin.

Wei Wengong moved the capital to Chuqiu. Dai Gong died, Wei's grandson and Dai Gong's younger brother were wiped out and became kings. This is Wei Wengong. In the spring of the 19th year of King Huizhou (658 BC), Wei Wengong moved to Chuqiu (now 30 kilometers east of hua county, Henan). After Wei Wengong ascended the throne, he collected the adherents of the country, improved politics, reduced taxes, razed prisons and gradually revived the country.

Wei successfully moved the capital to Diqiu. Wei Chenggong, the son of Wei Wengong, is named Zheng. Acceded to the throne in 635. In the twentieth year of King Xiang of Zhou (632 BC), in the battle of Chengpu, Jin people begged to defend their country and sent troops to help them. He refused, so he was attacked by the doctor Yuan Yun and defected to the State of Chu. Jin Wengong cut Wei and gave part of Wei's land to Song. He went to Chen and then to Zhou. Later, Zhou people begged, and Wei Chenggong was able to return to China. In the 21st year of King Xiang Zhou (63 1), he moved his capital to Diqiu (now Puyang County, Henan Province). Guo Wei is located between Jin State, Song State and Qi State, far away from Chu State, so he has been following these three countries to fight against Chu and attending alliance meetings convened by Jin State and Qi State. In the fifth year of King Ding Zhou (602 BC), Wei Chenggong made an alliance with Lu, Jin, Song, Zheng and Cao. In 599 AD (the first year of Mu Dynasty), Zheng made peace with Chu, and Jin, Song and Cao conquered Zheng, and Wei was also involved. Throughout the Spring and Autumn Period, feudal lords fought for hegemony and wars continued, and defending the country was not spared. Guo Wei spread to Wei (ascended the throne in 477 BC). Because of the unstable political power and frequent changes of rulers, Guo Wei's national strength was weakening day by day. To Wei (? -In 443 BC, Sanjin became strong and Wei was reduced to Zhao.

Wei Yuanjun moved the capital to Wang Ye County. Guo Wei passed to Wei Chenghou (? -Before 34 1), he succeeded to the throne in 37 1 year, and the country was weaker, and he died in 29 years. When Sun Sijun acceded to the throne, Puyang was the only country to defend the country. In the first 255 years, Huai Jun, the son of the heir, defected to Wei and was imprisoned and killed. Wei Heijun's younger brother, Wei, was created by Wei Guoli because he was a son-in-law. In the sixth year of the King of Qin (24 1), the State of Qin captured the eastern part of Wei, annexed Puyang, where Wei lived, incorporated it into Dongjun, and moved the capital of Wei to Wang Ye County (now Qinyang City, Henan Province), thus Wei became a vassal of the State of Qin. Wei died of illness in twenty-five years, and his son succeeded to the throne. In the first year of Hu Hai, Qin Ershi (209 BC), your suburb was abolished by Qin Ershi as Shu Ren, and the country perished. Weiguo is the only vassal state that can exist in name only after the reunification of Qin.

Wei was founded by Wei Kangshu in 1 1 century BC. It spread to the country for more than 40 generations and lasted for more than 800 years. It moved its capital four times. However, in the early 400 years of Wei's strong national strength, the capital of Wei was always in the Song Dynasty (now Qixian County, Henan Province), and although it moved the capital four times later, it was only because of the war. Therefore, Chao Ge (now Qixian County, Henan Province), the capital of Wei, is Wei's ancestral home.

2. Broadcast and Mobile

Weiguo officially perished in Qin Ershi. Although the state of Wei perished, the descendants of Wei have multiplied from generation to generation and passed down to this day. Wei moved the capital four times, and moved the capital five times in today's Henan. Therefore, the distribution of Wei surname in the pre-Qin period was mainly in present-day Henan province. Qin Shiwei moved to northern Hebei. During the Han and Jin Dynasties, Wei surnames were distributed in Henan, Shanxi, Shandong, Hebei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Jiangsu and other places, and gradually formed Wei surnames represented by Liu Chen in Henan and Hedong County in Shanxi. After the Tang Dynasty, Wei was widely distributed in Henan, Shanxi, Shandong, Hebei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Guangdong, Anhui and Northeast China. By the Qing Dynasty, the surname Wei had been widely circulated. The modern Wei surname is widely distributed, accounting for about 0.06% of the Han population, especially in Shaanxi and Sichuan provinces, accounting for about 6 1% of the Han population in China.

There are few records about Wei's activities in the pre-Qin period, mainly concentrated in the present Henan area. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a doctor named Wei Ping in the Song Dynasty who once had a chinemys reevesii. Wei Ping went to see Song and persuaded him to advocate turtle divination and sacrifice ghosts and gods. He was worshipped by Song and became the prime minister of Song Dynasty.

During the Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Qin Shiwei moved to northern Hebei. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Yan (now the ruler of Beijing) was wei ren. At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, Lu Wan, the prince of Yan, rebelled against Han and fled to Xiongnu. Wei Man took the opportunity to gather more than a thousand people to cross Korea eastward, established Wei Man regime in North Korea and Yan Qi's fleeing people, and made Wang Xiancheng his capital. His political and economic strength continued to develop, occupying the northwest of the Korean peninsula and occupying thousands of miles. Hui Di, after graduating from high school, served as the foreign affairs minister of Liaodong Prefecture. Wei Youqu, the grandson of Wei Man, refused to go to the Han Dynasty after inheriting the Korean throne. In the second year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (BC 109), North Korean nobles attacked North Korea by land and water, killed Wei Youqu and surrendered to the Han Dynasty.

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the area east of the Yellow River in Shanxi (now Shanxi Province) was Hedong County, and Anyi (now northwest of Xiaxian County, Shanxi Province) was the jurisdiction. Hedong County is equivalent to the southwest of Shanxi Province. Hedong County gradually formed the most famous county of Wei surname after the Han and Jin Dynasties.

The most prominent figures of Wei surname in the Western Han Dynasty were Wei Zifu and Wei Qing from Pingyang, Hedong County (now southwest of Linfen, Shanxi Province). Wei Zifu, a singer of Princess Pingyang's family at first, liked her very much after seeing her at the princess's family, so she was sent to the palace. In the first year of yuanshuo (BC 128), a vicious prince was born and was made queen. Later, because of witchcraft, the criminal Prince sent troops to kill Jiang Chong and committed suicide. She was deposed by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and committed suicide. Wei Qing was highly valued by Emperor Wu. He attacked the Huns seven times before and after his life, which made great contributions to relieving the threat of the Huns in the Han Dynasty. The official to the general, Ren Nei Guan Hou, Chang Ping Hou.

Wei Wan, Prime Minister of Emperor Jing of the Western Han Dynasty and Hou Jian Ling, lived in Daling (now Wenshui County, Shanxi Province) from generation to generation. When his descendant Sun Weiyang was Emperor Wu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was summoned to Anyi (now the northwest of Xiaxian County, Shanxi Province) in Hedong, and was buried here because he was proficient in Confucianism, and ordered his descendants to make this their home and live in Anyi. Cai Yan's first husband in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Hedong Wei Zhongdao, and Wei Yao, a captain who protected Qiang at the end of the Han Dynasty, were all his descendants. Wei Wei, the grandson of Wei Yao, is a scholar. He used to be a member of Cao Cao's Sikong family, and was a minister of Wei. It is suggested that the county should resettle the refugees who have returned home, oppose the military's private recruitment as a trilogy, and advocate government supervision of salt sales, which was accepted by Cao Cao. Wei Wendi also suggested buying a doctor of law. He loves classical Chinese, is good at calligraphy and has a high reputation. He is the author of Wei Guan Yi. Pay homage to Hou after death. His son, Wei Guan, was named Apollo, who was Wei Shangshulang at the beginning. Because of his meritorious service in Pingshu, he was promoted to General Zhenxi. On behalf of Wei Wei as Jin, he conferred the rank of Dong Jiang, conferred the rank of official, served as an official, and recorded the affairs of ministers. Wei Guan is knowledgeable, both civil and military, and Shang He is good at cursive writing. Contemporary people say, "a set of two wonderful". Wei Guan has four sons: Wei Heng, Yue Wei, Wei Yi and Wei Xuan. Wei Xuan's wife is the princess of Emperor Wu. Wei Heng, a word giant mountain, is a captain of Guanchangshui. He is good at cursive script and official script, and he is the author of Four-body Calligraphy. Wei Heng has two sons: Wei Xun and Wei Jie. Wei Yun was named Bao Zhong, and was named Duke of Jiangxia County, and was awarded the assistant minister of Sanshui. His name is Uncle Bao, which is very attractive and is called "Jade Man". He likes to talk about Hyunri. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Wang Cheng, Wang Xuan and Wang Ji were all famous, but they were not as good as Wei Jie. When the world said that "three sons of the Wangs are not as good as one son of the Wei family", some officials went to wash the horses for the prince. The exhibition of Wei Heng's clansmen and brothers began in Shang Shulang, Nanyang Taishou, Yongjiazhong, Jiangzhou secretariat and tired official Wang Jin Dali. After the establishment of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was awarded to Ting Wei. Sun, a native of China, was named Shen Quan Gong, and was appointed as the secretariat of Yuzhou in the Sui Dynasty. Wei Xiaojie, the son of Weisheng, was the general manager of Wu Dechu in the Tang Dynasty, who once defeated Wei Chijingde. In the fourth year of Zhenguan (630), he was the governor of Youzhou and attacked Xiongnu. Later, he served as general Zuo Wuwei. Wei Wolong, an infantry captain at the end of Wei Dynasty, also claimed to be a descendant of Wei Jie. Hong Min, Sun Wei, Wei Wolong, five generations, official department doctor in Tang Dynasty, Ruzhou secretariat. Wei's son was killed. Wei's third brother Wei was appointed as Suzhou secretariat.

During the Han and Jin Dynasties, Wei surnames in Hedong County included Wei Wan, a famous figure, and a generation of father and son (Zhiping City, now Datong, Shanxi). Cao Wei, whose real name is An Deyu, was originally the keeper of Wei officials in the Western Jin Dynasty. It is suggested to recruit Jin people. Lu is the auxiliary phase. He was promoted to General Right and Ding. His son, Wei Xiong, was far-reaching, brave and good at fighting, and often led troops to fight his father. He was named General Zuo and Hou Yunzhong.

During the Han and Jin Dynasties, the surnames of Chen Liuwei in Henan Province were mainly Weizi and Weizhen. Weizi, the word Zixu, was born in Chen Liuxiang (now Jixian County, Henan Province). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he joined forces with Cao Cao to crusade against Dong Zhuo and died in the battle of Xingyang. His son, Wei Zhen, whose name is Gong Zhen, started as a county magistrate and later served as Prime Minister Cao Cao to join the army. After Wei Wendi, he successively served as an official assistant, official department minister, right assistant minister, Sikong, Si Tuleideng and so on. For this official, he dared to speak out. He repeatedly advised the emperor not to overhaul the palace. He died in the Zhengshi period, in memory of Hou. During this period, Wei surnames in Henan included Savi, a native of Xiuwu, Hanoi, and Wei Xuan, a native of Luoyang, Henan. Savi was born in poverty and was often self-sufficient in his studies. When Wang Mang was a county magistrate. During the reign of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he successively served as the Imperial Adviser, Xiangcheng Order and Guiyang Magistrate. During his tenure as the magistrate of Guiyang, he led the people to dig more than 500 miles of mountain roads, build pavilions and post stations; Iron officials are set up, private casting is strictly prohibited, and the annual income is more than 5 million. Wei Xuan, a literary student, was promoted to Jing last weekend and was named Qi Huangong. He was relieved of his post because he offended Xuan Di. During the Renshou period, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty served as the secretariat of Zizhou. He was able to handle affairs and won the trust of his colleagues and subjects. Yang Dichu, he was promoted to magistrate of Wei County. For nine years, he assisted Wang Gang in guarding Chang 'an. He led the army eastward to Hangu Pass, defeated Yang Xuangan and saved Luoyang. Because of his work, Dr. You Guanglu was appointed to Guanzhong.

During the Han and Jin Dynasties, the surname Wei was popular not only in Shanxi and Henan, but also in Hebei, Shandong, Sichuan and Jiangsu.

There are Wei Zihao in Hebei and Lunu in Zhongshan (now Dingxian County, Hebei Province). Official to Wei Wei, my sister is an Jieyu of Xuan Di, Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty, who was much loved and gave birth to King Xiao of Chu. The eldest daughter, Yuan Di's Jieyu, gave birth to Princess Pingyang. When the Han Dynasty became emperor, Wang Zhongshan, a filial son, married his second daughter as his concubine. Yan Yuan was born four years ago (nine years ago) and later became Emperor Han Ping. Wei Zihao has two sons, Wei Bao and Wei Xuan. In BC 1 year, Emperor Ai of Han Dynasty died, and Wang Mang made Sun Yat-sen, who was only nine years old, Emperor Ping in the name of Empress Dowager Tai. Wei Bao and Wei Xuan are called Guannei Hou because they are Pindi's uncles. Wang Mang banned Pingdi's mother and uncle from entering Beijing in order to facilitate his manipulation of state affairs. Wei Bao and Wang Yu, the son of Wang Mang, conspired to get Sun Yat-sen, the mother of Pingdi, to write a letter asking to enter the capital. Wang Yu also let people pour blood wine at Wang Mang's house at night, with the intention of scaring Wang Mang with ghosts and gods. Things were discovered by Wang Mang, and both Wang Yu and Wei were killed. Wei Shuqing was born in Zhongshan (now Dingxian County, Hebei Province) in the Western Han Dynasty.

Wei Xian was born in Qi (now Shandong) and Hu Wei was born in Juxian (now Juxian, Shandong). Wei Hong was a native of the East China Sea (now Tancheng, Shandong Province) in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and was a negotiator when Emperor Guangwu was emperor. Zeng studied under Xie, studied under Shangshu, and wrote Preface, Exegetics, Nine Meanings of Hanshu, etc. Wei Hong had a great influence on the study of ancient classics in China.

Wei Ji, a native of Jiayandao, Sichuan (now Yingjing, Sichuan), is well-read and versatile. During the Shu and Han dynasties, he served as a conductor and a college student. The Northern Zhou and Wei Dynasties were also Shu people and did not believe in Buddhism. He wrote a letter refuting Buddhism.

There are Guangling (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu) people in Jiangsu named Wei Jing and Zi Qi, and they have a good relationship with Bu Zhi. Sun Wu is an official of Shangshu.

In addition, during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, some Xianbei people who entered the Central Plains gave up their original surnames and changed their surnames to Wei in the process of sinicization. According to Hou, there is a surname Wei in Xianbei in Changli (west of Xu Shui, Hebei). Wei's family in Changli was a branch of Xianbei nationality in history, and it was changed to Wei's family after the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties entered the Central Plains.

During the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Wei was widely distributed in Henan, Shanxi, Shandong, Hebei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Guangdong, Anhui and Northeast China.

In the Tang Dynasty, the Anyi family in Hedong continued to flourish. In addition to the descendants of Wei Wan, the prime minister of the Western Han Dynasty, there are many Wei people. After several visits by Lang Zhongwei, he moved to Jingzhao (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi). Wei is a member of the Ministry of Water Resources; Wei Ba, member of the danger department; In the "Imperial History", Cheng and Wei Yan followed Wang Chuanwei, and once toured the five tubes in Lingnan, giving little care to the prince, and his father washed the horse for the prince. Wei Yan has three sons, namely Wei Zhixuan, Wei Zhongli and Wei Zhonghang. Wei Zhonghang has served as the secretariat of Huazhou, doctor of Ministry of War, and minister of rites. The son is Wei Mi, the son is Di Wei, and the younger brother is Wei Yi; Wei Xiang, the son of Wei Yan, is a counselor.

There are also many Wei surnames in other parts of Hedong County. Wei, the minister of Dali school and the ambassador of Jingnan, went to Anxi during Tianbao period and was promoted to general of foreign defense. During the Anshi Rebellion, he led the troops to defeat Shi Siming and his son in Ziban and Yongning, Xinjiang, so he was named Duke of Hedong. During Guangde's reign, he also served as our envoy in Jingnan. Wei Cigong, a native of Zhou Hedong (now Yongji, Shanxi), claimed to be a descendant of Wei Guan in the Western Jin Dynasty. Talent is quite high, and the weak crown is a scholar. Later, he was a bachelor of Hanlin, and the official was in Huainan and Yangzhou. His son, Wei Zhu, married Princess Lin Zhen, the daughter of Xianzong, and served as assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry. Wei Dajing, a native of Zhou Pu (now Yongji, Shaanxi Province), is diligent and studious, especially good at speaking Yi. He is stubborn, but very sincere. Because he was ill, he should not be recruited by Wu Zetian. His friend Xiahou Gantong's mother died. He walked thousands of miles without hesitation to express his condolences.

Wei Shaoqin was born in Kaifeng (now Henan) and Henan in Song Dynasty. When Song Taizong was in the Jin Dynasty, he followed Emperor Taizong. Later, Emperor Taizong acceded to the throne, making up for the vacancy. He also followed Emperor Taizong's conquest of the Northern Han Dynasty and was promoted to the court. Together with Wang Jien, he suppressed Wang Xiaobo and Li Shun Uprising and was praised by Emperor Taizong. Song Zhenzong acceded to the throne, official worship court envoys, in charge of all the agreement, yongxiling prison. In the first year of Jingdezhen (1004), he served as the ambassador of the imperial capital. Follow Zhenzong to Heshuo area, patrol around the palace before and after, arrive at the Temple City, and lead the troops to guard the river bridge. After the alliance of Buddhist monasteries, he was in charge of the third-class courtyard and the Imperial City, a Luan Hanlin Division. In the Qing Dynasty, Wei Zhezhi of Jiyuan (now Henan) called me stupid. Because of his outstanding achievements in promoting Gong Sheng to take the Tingkao, he began to serve as a magistrate of a county. He served as an official in Shandong, the governor of Anhui and the minister of industry. In the middle of Yongzheng, he was the magistrate of Yancheng and other counties, and he was effective in controlling locust plague, building water conservancy and relieving famine. There is also Xinxiang (now Henan) Wei Rongguang, with a quiet word. During the Xianfeng period, Jinshi was appointed as an editor. Later, they moved to Hu Linyi Army and Duolong A Army to suppress Taiping Army, moved to Anhui, and conquered Taihu Lake and Buried Hill. In the middle of Tongzhi, he guarded the Yellow River and canals and attacked the Nian Army. Imperial academy, lecturer of bachelor's degree, judge of Wulin Road, Jidong, Shandong. During Guangxu period, he served as the official envoy in Zhejiang and the governor of Shanxi, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

Wei Zhouzuo, a native of Quwo (now Shanxi) in Qing Dynasty, was a scholar in Chongzhen Dynasty in Ming Dynasty, and was a doctor from official to household. In the early years of Qing dynasty, he served as assistant minister of punishments. I once asked for serious opposition to sitting together and strictly examining officials. Liguan Ministry of Industry, Ministry of Official Affairs, University of Wenyuange, University of Punishment, University of Baohe Hall, University of Internal Affairs, etc. Kangxi died in the fourteenth year. Joe said to him. There is Yi (now Linyi, Shanxi), who was a scholar in the early years of Kangxi. He has served as Shandong official, Shuntian magistrate and Guizhou governor. Talk about current affairs many times, be honest and upright, and dare to speak frankly. No matter where you are an official, you actively get rid of graft, set up schools and put down prisons for criminals, and you have a high reputation everywhere. In his later years, he successively built Yongding River and Gaojiayan Project in Pei Du. Kangxi died on the construction site forty years ago. There is also a Yangcheng person named Wei, who is cautious. In the second year of Kangxi (1663), he was appointed as the magistrate of lulong county in Zhili, which eliminated many disadvantages in the process of collecting grain and grass, and was recommended as the first in Zhili. Later, he was promoted to be a doctor and served as a magistrate in Fuzhou, Fujian.

In the Song Dynasty, there was a Huating (now Shanghai) in Shanghai, named Shang Yan, who was from Xuanhe. In the sixth year of Xuanhe (1 124), in order to celebrate the birthday of Emperor Yan, he was ordered to go to Jin and return to Yanshan area. In the second year, he was ordered to send an envoy to the State of Jin. The army of the State of Jin had invaded the Song Dynasty and bravely refused to obey the Jin Army for three years (1 129). He was called to Pingjiang House to persuade Gaozong to move to Jiangning, the capital, and offered a strategy to defend the Yangtze River. In the Ming Dynasty, there were Wei Qing and Wei Ying, who were also Huating people in Songjiang (now Shanghai). At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Wei Qing led hundreds of families in Jizhou to surrender to Ming Chengzu, and they were all in charge of state affairs because of their exploits. Later, officials and officials stayed in Zhongdu and were transferred to Shandong to guard against Japanese pirates. He also took part in the suppression of the Tang Saier Uprising, and officials worshipped Shantung. Ming Yingzong acceded to the throne and was promoted to viceroy. Wei Ying, the second son of Wei Qing, was the commander of southern Hebei who was first attacked by the orthodox school. After Ming Jing ascended the throne, this promotion was decided by the two leaders. Later, due to Shi Heng's recommendation, he was promoted to acting viceroy. In huanghua town, Baiyangkou, Xizhimen and other places, actively resist bandits and thieves. He was promoted to commander-in-chief to help guard Fu Xuan. In the first year of Tianshun (1457), he was named Xuancheng Bo and went out to defend Gansu. In the second year of Chenghua (1466), he served as the company commander of Liaodong. Hongzhi died during his reign and gave it to Hou, saying that he was strong and brave.

Wei was a native of Dazhou (now Daxian County, Sichuan Province) and a scholar in Ming Dynasty. In the middle of Wanli, the official arrived at Wenzhou magistrate. He is honest and good at appeasing the people. He has served as deputy envoy of Zhejiang, political participant of Shandong, and governor of Jiangxi. And resolutely refused to give gifts. Later, the official went to the Ministry of Commerce and the official department. After his death, he gave a gift to Prince Taibao and wrote "Qing Min".

In the Ming Dynasty, there was a man from Hancheng, Shaanxi (now Shaanxi) who entered the Jinshi in the fifth year of the apocalypse (1625). He began to be an official in Henan. During the Chongzhen period, Yushi was gradually promoted to Youdu Yushi and Datong Governor. Actively expand and strengthen the army, practice weapons, punish powerful people, and the official voice is remarkable. The officers and men of Li Zicheng attacked Datong, and Wei Helian took Datong to the death. Later, Bian Jiang opened the city gate and welcomed Li Zicheng's army into the big city. Wei was captured and hanged himself. The axe king gave a gift to the minister of war, Shi Yue, to show his loyalty.

In the Qing Dynasty, Wei and Wei Rucheng were brothers in Hefei (now Anhui). Wei, the word reaches three. Following the Huai Army in Liu Mingchuan, the Nian Army was actively suppressed, and the officer was the company commander, leading the Beiyang Defence Army. In the twentieth year of Guangxu, he led troops to aid Pyongyang. The army has no discipline and the generals have no fighting spirit. Defeated again and again, he retreated to Fengtian (now Shenyang). Be removed from office and executed. Wei Rucheng, his younger brother, is also an official to the company commander. 1894- 1895 During the Sino-Japanese War of 1895, he led troops to reinforce Lushun. Your generals were at odds. When the Japanese attacked Lushun, they fled first.

In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, the planned migration by the government and the reclamation by the army led to population migration. At this time, some people immigrated to Taiwan Province Province, including Wei. Tracing back to the source, most of the ancestors of Wei people in Taiwan Province Province came from Henan and arrived in Taiwan Province Province after many migrations. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, especially since modern times, there were a large number of Wei surnames who immigrated to Southeast Asia from Fujian and Guangdong coastal areas, and some of them immigrated to Southeast Asia from Fujian via Taiwan Province Province. Since modern times, Wei people have also developed to Europe, America and Australia. They are descendants of immigrants from the Central Plains, and their ancestral roots are in the Central Plains.

Research on Wei surname

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