Why is northern Brazil sparsely populated?

The population of northern Brazil is extremely sparse. What is the reason? The following is the reason why the northern part of Brazil is vast and sparsely populated, which I carefully sorted out for you. Let's have a look.

The reason for the sparse population in northern Brazil

The northern part of Brazil is the Brazilian plateau and tropical rain forest. The climate and geographical location are not suitable for human habitation. In addition, there are historical reasons. When the Portuguese colonized Brazil, they first colonized the southern part of Brazil suitable for human life along the ocean current. However, Brazil is also developing the northern region. Brasilia moved to the capital in 1960s to speed up the development of the northern region.

The geographical location of Brazil

location

Brazil spans 35 to 74 degrees west longitude and 5 degrees north latitude to 35 degrees south latitude. It borders the South Atlantic in the east, other South American countries in the north and south, and all other South American countries except Chile and Ecuador. Located in the southeast of South America. It borders French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Venezuela and Colombia in the north, Peru and Bolivia in the west, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay in the south and the Atlantic Ocean in the east. The coastline is about 7400 kilometers long. The territorial sea is 12 nautical mile wide and leads to the overseas exclusive economic zone of 188 nautical mile.

zone

Brazil is the largest country in South America. Brazil has a land area of 8514900 square kilometers, accounting for 46% of the total area of South America, and is the fifth largest country in the world after Russia, Canada, China and the United States.

zone

Brazil's terrain is mainly divided into two parts, one is the Brazilian plateau above 500 meters above sea level, distributed in southern Brazil, and the other is the plain below 200 meters above sea level, mainly distributed in the Amazon River basin in the north and west. The whole territory is divided into Amazon Plain, Paraguay Basin, Brazil Plateau and Gayana Plateau, of which Amazon Plain accounts for about13 of the national area.

river system

Brazil has three major water systems: Amazon, Parana and San Francisco. The total length of the Amazon River is 67,565,438+0 km, which traverses the northwest of Brazil and covers an area of 3.9 million square kilometers in the Brazilian basin. Parana river, including the parana river and Paraguay rivers, flows through the southwest with many rapids and waterfalls, and is rich in water resources; The San Francisco water system, with a total length of 2,900 kilometers, flows through the arid northeast and is the main irrigation water source in this area. The coastline is more than 7,400 kilometers long, and the width of the territorial sea is 12 nautical miles, leading to the overseas exclusive economic zone 188 nautical miles. There are many rivers, long in length and large in water, which are mainly distributed in the northern plain.

climate

Most of Brazil has a tropical climate, and some parts of the south have a subtropical climate. The average annual temperature in the Amazon plain is 25 ~ 28 degrees, and the average annual temperature in the southern region is 16 ~ 19 degrees.

Population distribution in Brazil

Population profile

The Atlantic coast is densely populated and the inland areas are scarce.

Brazil's national population186,957,906, ranked fifth in the world on June 2, 2008. The southeastern region is the most populous region in Brazil. According to IBGE data IBGE 2004, the population of this area is about 78 million, which is equivalent to 42% of the total population of Brazil. There are three states with the largest population in Brazil, S? o Paulo, with a population of 70 million, MG19 million, Rio150,000, and two largest cities, Rio and S? o Paulo. At the junction of Sao Paulo and Rio, a business district with Sao Paulo and Rio as its pillars has been formed, which has gathered about 23% of Brazil's population and become the most densely populated area in the country.

Ethnic groups and immigrants

There are significant racial and cultural differences in Brazil. Most residents in the south are of European descent, which can be traced back to immigrants from Italy, Germany, Poland, Spain, Ukraine and Portugal at the beginning of the19th century. Some residents in the north and northeast are locals and some are of European or African descent. The southeast region is the most widely distributed region of Brazilian nationalities. This area is mainly white, mainly descendants of Portuguese and Italians, Afro-Brazilian hybrids, Asians and Indians.

So throughout Brazil, Brazilians, Portuguese and Africans began to mix together frequently. The Indians who used to live in this area obviously owned this area.

Some cultural characteristics, such as blacks and whites, were considered safe by the Portuguese, who began to attack the Amorites and later caused a disaster. They began to attack and destroy the village inside. 1532, since the establishment of St. Vincent, the Portuguese began to come here as colonists. Due to the development of mining industry in the18th century, the kings of Portuguese states began to come here one after another, as well as slaves from Angola and Mina in Africa, all of whom belonged to African aborigines. From the first year of colonial rule, the proportion of blacks began to increase greatly.

/kloc-Asian and European immigrants began to be influenced by * * * in the 9th century, Germans 18 18 began to come here, Italians 1875, Spaniards 1880, Japanese, Syrians and Lebanese began to come here in the early 20th century. 19 At the end of the 20th century, the biggest migration wave in Brazil occurred in the southeast, and Italians and Portuguese became the main components of this migration, because the slave liberation movement had begun at that time, and plantations and newly developed Brazilian industries needed a lot of labor.

There have been several major waves of migration in the history of Brazil. From 1884 to 1962, more than 4.97 million immigrants moved to Brazil, mainly from Portugal, Spain, Italy, Germany, France, Poland and * * * countries. Most yellow people come from Japan, South Korea and China. There are 6.5438+0.3 million Japanese and 250,000 China people in Pakistan, mainly concentrated in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.