Where is the former site of Luonan Revolution?

Luonan County, known as the "Southeast Gateway" of Shaanxi Province, has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times because it looks at Tongguan in the north, Wuguan in the south, Tiesuoguan in the east and Guanzhong Plain in the west. The unique geographical location and geographical environment played an important role in the process of China's new-democratic revolution. Since 1927 Xu Quan CTS entered Luonan to carry out revolutionary activities, 108 Li Xiannian, He Long, Liu Huaqing, Xu, Cheng, Xu Haidong, Tang Shu, Liu Zhidan and other party and state leaders and generals of the Republic of China have left many heroic deeds. The people of Luonan, under the leadership of the * * * Production Party of China and its army, bravely joined the army and participated in the war without fear of sacrifice, and waged an indomitable and heroic struggle against the reactionary forces at home and abroad. Countless people with lofty ideals gave their precious lives, made great contributions to national independence, people's liberation and the birth of new China, and played an irreplaceable role. 19 revolutionary site has been surveyed, and this red hot land was approved as the old revolutionary base area in 1984.

Hua Wei Uprising is one of the most important armed uprisings in the history of China, which is as famous as August 1st Nanchang Uprising, Autumn Harvest Uprising and Guangzhou Uprising. Xu Quanlv, the backbone of Hua Wei Uprising, completed the ideological, organizational and military preparations for Luonan Uprising.

After the first cooperation between China and * * * broke down, in order to crush the persecution of the Kuomintang (KMT) in "clearing the Party and opposing * * *" and preserve the only armed force of the Party in the northwest region, according to the instructions of the CPC Central Committee and the Shaanxi Provincial Committee, Xu Quan CTS entered the Sanyao area in southern Shaanxi at the end of 1927 to recuperate and seek development. 1928 65438+ 10, Shaanxi provincial party Committee arranged for Liu Zhidan (Liu), Tang Shu, (Xie Haoru), Wu Haoran, Lian Yimin (Lu) and Zhou to wait for Xu Lv, which strengthened the party's leadership over Xu Lv. 1at the beginning of April, 928, Liu Jizeng, the newly established secretary of the Special Committee of Shandong (member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee), went to Luonan to convey the Decision of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of China on Organizing the Wei Hua Uprising, asking Xu Lu to expand his armament and prepare for the uprising. On May 7th, Xu Lu set out from Sanyao, passed through Shipo, Patrol Inspection, Sanyuan and Tongguan, and arrived in Guapo Town, hua county in mid-May, announcing the uprising. 16, Gaotang Town established the "Northwest Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants", with Tang Shu as commander-in-chief, Liu Zhidan as chairman of the Military Commission, Lian Yimin as director of the political department, Wang Taiji as chief of staff, Wu Haoran as secretary of the Party Committee and Xu Quan as chief of staff. After the failure of the uprising, Tang Shu and Liu Zhidan led more than 300 local cadres of the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants and the Red Guards in eastern Shaanxi, who fought and retreated. They crossed the Qinling Mountains from Yujian and arrived in Luoyuan and Baoan areas of Luonan County on June 25th to continue their struggle. 1 After losing the security battle in July, Tang Shu died, and Liu Zhidan and others led more than 200 people to rest in Heilongkou, Shangzhou. In mid-August, they passed Feng Dan and Shangnan and left Jingzi for Henan.

Although the uprising was not successful, it dealt a heavy blow to the arrogance of the reactionary ruling class in the northwest, inspired the fighting spirit of the people in the northwest, educated and exercised the people in Shaanxi, trained political and military cadres, and accumulated experience for the armed separatist regime of workers and peasants and the establishment of the revolutionary base areas in the northwest in the future. From the end of 1927 to the middle of August of 1928, Xu Lv went in and out of Luonan twice, which lasted more than 8 months. At that time, the enemy was very strong and crazy. He closely relied on and organized the people of Luonan, cracked down on local tyrants, evil gentry and corrupt officials, and launched the Soviet movement. Establish farmers' associations to promote benefits and eliminate disadvantages for the masses and solve problems; Expand the army and reorganize, establish and improve the party and regiment organizations in the army, train the military backbone for the Shandong Special Committee, and complete the military, organizational and ideological preparations for the Hua Wei Uprising. Xu Lvjin's presence in Luonan not only brought revolutionary kindling to the secluded and backward Luonan, but also awakened the sleeping people in the mountainous area, so that Luonan, which ruled in darkness and was poor and backward, ignited the raging fire of the peasant movement, echoing the peasant movement in Hua Wei, and became the prelude to the Northwest 10 Agrarian Revolutionary War. At the same time, the people of Luonan also gave selfless support and help to the troops. Many people would rather starve to death than give food to the troops. Third, poor peasants Yang and Yang Zhuangwa were killed by bullies and leopards because they managed the grain platform and organized grain. Third, the masses tried their best to make their own iron grenades and mortar shells for the troops. Women in Lingkou Street spontaneously organized themselves to mend and wash the soldiers. Luoyuan people clean houses and welcome soldiers to rest. Liu Shitong, Yang Zhengxing, He Qiufen, Liu Zhenjie and other young farmers in Luonan volunteered to join the army, which enabled Xu Lu to enter Luonan from 65438+.

During the Agrarian Revolutionary War at the Long March Gas Station of the Red Army, in order to smash the crazy "encirclement and suppression" of Chiang Kai-shek, four Red Army troops successively moved to Luonan to publicize revolutionary ideas, mobilize the people, fight against local tyrants, bullies and reactionary forces, recuperate, replenish supplies, expand the army, reorganize and expand the ranks. The people of Luonan provided selfless support and help for the Red Army's Long March, among which the Red 25th Army and the Red 74th Division were the only two teams whose numbers increased at the end of the Red Army's Long March.

1932 1 1 year1October 2 1 day, the Red Army, led by Xia, secretary of the Central Branch of Central Hunan and Western Hubei, and He Long, commander of the Central Branch, respectively entered Luonan from Lushi County, Henan Province, and then held a mass meeting in Sanyao North Division to publicize the revolutionary ideas of the Red Army. Thirdly, water milling is necessary. After a short rest and replenishment in Luonan, the Red Army headed south.

On June 2 1, 65438, and 265433, the Red 26th Army, led by Wang Feng, Liu Zhidan, and Wang Shitai, went south from the Zhao Jin revolutionary base, and in mid-July entered the junction of Lantian, Shangzhou, Luonan and hua county with Luoyuan Town in Luonan as the center, and fought fiercely with the enemy for more than three months. The people of Luonan risked their lives to give strong support and protection, ensuring the safety of the main leaders of the Red 26 Army and tide over the difficulties.

1934 1 161October 16 The Red 25th Army, led by its commander Cheng and political commissar, started from Hejiachong area in luoshan county, Henan Province, fought bloody battles, crossed Pinghan Railway, and passed through Tongbai and Funiu Mountain areas. After eight months, The Hubei-Henan-Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee, the Central Shangluo Special Committee, the First Army Against Donation, the Henan-Shaanxi Special Committee and the Henan-Shaanxi Guerrilla Division were established one after another. They moved to Jitouguan, Jiuquan Mountain and Yujiahe to liberate Luonan County, held a mass meeting in the Chenghuang Temple, issued a notice on "Business Policy Issues", opened prisons to rescue more than 70 people against donations, and set up a Liyuan branch. Nearly a thousand people in Luonan joined the Red 25 Army and the First Army against Donation. Among them, more than 30 coal miners joined the Red Army in Laohuwo Coal Mine of Baliqiao, adding working-class elements to the Red 25 Army. It is the revolutionary base area of Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi, including the people of Luonan who actively joined the army to participate in the war. Despite the brutal fighting and downsizing, the Red 25 Army has grown from more than 2,500 when it entered Shaanxi to more than 4,000 when it went north, and the absolute number has increased by more than 3,000.

1in July, 935, after the Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee led the Red 25th Army northward, it was decided that the Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi Special Committee would merge to form the Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi (Southern Shaanxi) Special Committee, with Zheng Weisan as its secretary. At the same time, with more than 300 soldiers of the Red 25 Army as the backbone, plus more than 400 guerrillas from Hubei-Shaanxi and Henan-Shaanxi guerrilla divisions, the Red 74 Division, commander and political commissar Li, who was praised by Chairman Mao as "the indigenous army in southern Shaanxi", was formed. After the establishment of the Red 74th Division, in the vast area starting from Ningshan in the west, Lushi in the east, Hanshui in the south, 500 miles north of Zhong Nanshan in the east and west, and 200 miles north and south, it adopted flexible sports tactics and adopted a "big circle" approach with the enemy, got rid of the heavy encirclement of the enemy, attacked and destroyed local vigilante groups and peace preservation corps, and developed and strengthened the Red Army. Of the five round trips, the second, fourth and fifth round trips all involved Luonan, with footprints all over Luonan. In order to cooperate with the Central Red Army's eastward expedition, the Red 74th Division took Luonan Heishan and Huanglongpu on the southern slope of Huashan Mountain as its stronghold, and circled Huashan Mountain in three major circles at the foot of Huashan Mountain. At the same time, more than 50 soldiers of the regiment and infantry regiment were sent to Huashan, posted slogans, and made a splash, launching a "Huashan riot", which was praised by Chairman Mao. In Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi base areas, more than 2,000 young people from Luonan, including Xie Guangdong, participated in the Red 74th Division, from more than 700 when it was founded to more than 2 100 when it left in April.

Anti-Japanese and National Salvation1July 7, 937 Deep-water Bomb, the Japanese invaders started from the deliberately created Lugouqiao Incident and launched a war of aggression to annex China. At this critical moment of national disaster and national peril, the people of Luonan, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), launched a surging anti-Japanese national salvation movement, which made due contributions to the great victory of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in the past eight years.

1In August, 937, Luo Zaian, a young man from Luonan, contacted and mobilized 14 young medical personnel, including eight young people from Luonan, and set up the first battlefield medical rescue organization in China, the Northwest Youth Frontier Rescue Team, and personally served as the captain, and went to the anti-Japanese front line for battlefield rescue, which was affirmed and praised by Zhu De, Peng and Zuo Quan. With the invasion of Tongguan by Japanese invaders, Luonan became an anti-Japanese outpost. In order to shoulder the historical responsibility of resisting Japan and saving the nation, the first local organization of China * * * Production Party in Luonan, the Central * * * Luonan Branch, was established in Beiyuan County on August 1938. In order to form a broad anti-Japanese United front, under the impetus of party member, the vanguard and progressive students, with the participation and support of progressives such as Hao Zhaoxian of party member and Huang Xianzhi, president of Luonan Middle School in the county during the Great Revolution, Luonan Branch of Anti-Japanese Support Association from all walks of life in Shaanxi Province, Luonan Middle School in the county, Jiexi Primary School and Jingcun Primary School were established one after another. In order to strengthen the anti-Japanese armed forces and establish anti-Japanese guerrilla base areas, the "fallen petal guerrillas" and guerrilla organizations such as Zhang Guoan, Gong Xian 'an and Xiao Xu Qi were established successively. 1940 June 18, on the way back from the Japanese bombing of Chongqing, an enemy plane forced to land in Luonan, and the children in Luohe chased four Japanese devils with farm tools and captured three Japanese devils who abandoned the plane and fled alive. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, young students such as He, He, Ji Kerang, Zhang Zhenmin and Bai Jinghua, who studied in Xi, Kaifeng and Yan 'an in Luonan, successively joined the China * * * Production Party and the People's Vanguard, Hao Shiying, who served as deputy head of the 38th Army 17 Division, and Ji Jusheng, who served as a staff sergeant's document in the first brigade of Yang Hucheng.

Luonan, the transportation station for escorting revolutionary cadres, is an important part of the revolutionary base areas in Hubei, Henan, Shaanxi, Henan, Shaanxi and Hubei, and is the central area of the Henan-Shaanxi Special Committee, Shangluo Special Committee, Luolan County Committee, Lvlingluo County Committee and Luo Lu County Committee. Under the white terror, the people of Luonan risked their lives to protect a number of revolutionary troops, organizations and cadres. During the period when the Red 26 Army went south to Luonan, Luo Yuan and the security guards took the initiative to lead the way, deliver letters, cook and play shoes for the Red Army. Young farmer Li Zhicang safely sent more than 30 Red Army soldiers from Mohuligou to Qinggangping. After the Red 25 Army entered Shaanxi, the most sinister battle in Yujiahe caused more than 300 Red Army casualties, and the commanders and deputy commanders, as well as many regimental and battalion cadres and many soldiers were injured. In order to ensure that the wounded were treated in time, local village doctors Chunrong Yang, Luo and Luo took the initiative to take out their own medicines to help treat the wounded, and went all out to help the troops put the wounded in people's homes for treatment and rehabilitation. 1at the end of 934, when Wu Huanxian led the 25th Red Army south from Jingcun, he left four young Red Army patients near Lingguan Temple, and the local people took the initiative to adopt them, taking good care of them and covering them. All three people returned safely except one who was killed by the enemy. Xiong Yongfu, a member of the tiger circle, hid Liu Shitong, the commander of the first army of the Anti-Sacrifice Army, who was injured in his right leg, in the cave behind the house and delivered food for him. 1On July 22nd, 946, after the troops of Zhongyuan North Road entered Shangluo, Li Xiannian led more than 40 people in the command organization, concealed makeup in people's homes with Luonan as the center, and led and commanded the revolutionary struggle in the base areas of Henan, Hubei and Shaanxi for more than two months. It was not until the end of September that they were safely escorted out of Shangluo and returned to Yan 'an via Lantian and Lintong. Zhou Zhiming of Lingguan Temple is witty and brave. He wrapped Cai Xing, the guerrilla leader of Caitian, with straw and carried it on his shoulder, and walked out of the enemy's search circle unhurriedly. After Tang Shu, commander-in-chief of the Northwest Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants, died, the enemy cut off his head and hung it in the west gate of Luonan County for public display. People in Luonan risked their lives and secretly took Tang Shu's head down and buried it at night. The body was buried on the Castanopsis fargesii beam by Yu Shanbo (a security guard), a farmer in Tangling.

The Melting Pot for Training Revolutionary Cadres 19 19, Li Jingyang, studied at Peking University in Luonan, participated in the famous May 4th patriotic movement, and became the first person in Luonan to accept revolutionary ideas and carry out revolutionary activities. Influenced by the May 4th cultural trend of thought, the first progressive mass organization in Luonan, 1923, was established, forbidding women to bind their feet and encouraging liberalization. Driven by the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, the revolutionary "Kuomintang Luonan County Party Department" was established in the autumn of 1926. 1927 10 He Guangrong, a poor young man from Mapingtoucha Village, Luonan, who works as a doorman at Qilisi Primary School in hua county, joined the Party and became the first party member in Luonan. The long revolutionary struggle has made the people of Luonan's revolutionary thoughts grow from scratch, revolutionary consciousness from low to high, revolutionary activities from less to more, and the revolutionary situation from small to large. Three working committees, six county committees and governments, 10 district governments, 26 township governments, 165438 peasant associations and 9 1 youth groups and women's organizations have been established successively, and many poor peasants have grown into the backbone of the revolution. Poor peasants Liu Shitong and Yue grew up to be commanders and deputy commanders of Shangluo First Army. He, an ancient city farmer who made a living by carrying old salt, grew up to be an excellent Red Army traffic police under the cover of carrying old salt. He, a poor farmer, not only grew up to be the captain of the first detachment of the Fourth Brigade of the Henan-Shaanxi Guerrilla Division, but his mother was also called "Huang Mama" by the soldiers because she actively organized women to cook and mend clothes for the Red Army. Zhang Yisheng, the principal of Jingcun Senior Primary School, not only took the lead in joining the Red Army, but also used the school as a liaison station to organize food, collect and transmit information for the Red Army. The younger six uncles mobilized their relatives and neighbors to form the second squadron of the fallen petal guerrilla. Farmers in Sendai are tall, mobilizing their wives and students to set up cauldrons in front of their own schools, cooking for the Red 25 Army, spying on the enemy and sending information for the Caitian guerrillas, and later growing into documents in Sanyao Township, Languan District, the county. Bunny, a farmer from Shangsidian who weaves straw sandals for a living, not only sent straw sandals to the Central Plains breakout troops and taught soldiers to weave straw sandals, but also grew into a fighter of the first squadron of Lulingluo Guerrilla Brigade. Hao Shiying, a farmer of Yang Gelao nationality, grew up to be the head of the independent regiment in southern Shaanxi, and Xia Changjiang, an orphan, grew up to be the vice captain of the cadres in the three major districts. Countless people with lofty ideals have given their precious lives, of which 197 is listed in Shaanxi British Directory and 349 is listed in Luonan Yinglie. With the vigorous development of the revolutionary situation, a large number of progressive young people broke through the shackles of feudal landlord families and devoted themselves to the fiery revolutionary torrent. He Shiting, the ancient city of Nanhe, took an active part in revolutionary activities behind his family's back. /kloc-0 joined the party in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region in June, 1938, and served as the branch secretary of the first brigade of the guerrillas in southern Shaanxi, the deputy secretary of the Luo Lu County Party Committee and the organization minister. After liberation, he served as deputy magistrate of Luonan County and Zhashui County. Xie Su, Ma Qiao 'an, a native of Chengguan Town, 1934 joined the China Production Party in Xi Senior Middle School and took an active part in revolutionary activities. He served as the first section chief of the Public Security Bureau of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region. After liberation, he served as the Deputy Minister of Social Affairs of Chahar Province, the Deputy Director of the Public Security Department and the Party Secretary of the Third Machinery Department. Jing Cun Qu Taolong Wanshan sold 15 mu of land and real estate behind his back, raised money for the Red 25th Army and the First Resistance Army, and led the First Brigade of the First Resistance Army to actively carry out revolutionary activities until he sacrificed his young life. ...

The powerful revolutionary offensive in the War of Liberation kept the Kuomintang regime in Luonan in constant fear. 1On May 24, 949, He Yimeng, the county magistrate of Luonan, Kuomintang, fled with more than 40 people and was captured alive by the cadres of the seventh district of our army at Guanqiao. On May 30th, Shangluo Wushu Team entered Luonan County; On June 6th, Luonan County Party Committee and Luonan County People's Government were established in Zhoucun and moved to the county seat on June 8th. On September 23, the county party committee and government held a "meeting to fight bandits and celebrate victory" attended by more than 50,000 people, warmly celebrating the liberation of Luonan, and the people of Luonan stood up from now on!