The humiliating history of Macao

From 65438 to 0553, the Portuguese began to live in Macao. 1887 1 February 1 day, Portugal and the Qing government signed the Draft Convention of the China-Portugal Conference and the Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Reconciliation and Trade, and formally occupied Macao through the formalities of diplomatic documents.

Although the Portuguese sought the right of abode of the Ming Dynasty in Macao from 1557, the Ming government still set up a yamen here, which was directly under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province. It was not until 1887 that the Portuguese government and the Qing government signed the Sino-Portuguese Reconciliation and Trade Treaty (which expired in 1928), that Macao became a Portuguese colony.

At first, the Portuguese were confined to the south of Macao. 1623, the Portuguese government appointed Marcelo as the first governor of Macao. Macao is famous for its cultural exchanges between China and the West in history. At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the spread of western learning to the east played an important role in this area and once had a great impact on the operation of the world economy.

Since Macao was occupied by Portugal, the Portuguese have always enjoyed privileges or special status in Macao, which has made the residents dissatisfied. From1August 29th, 849, when Shen Zhiliang assassinated Governor Amalio, to1February 3rd, 966, the "December 13th" incident and the Taipa School incident triggered by the Cultural Revolution showed that people were deeply dissatisfied with the Portuguese privileges in Macao.

1On April 25th, 974, the Portuguese revolution was successful, and the policy of decolonization was implemented, which recognized that Macao was illegally occupied by Portugal and returned Macao to China for the first time. Due to the lack of proper handover conditions at that time, Zhou Enlai, then Prime Minister, proposed to temporarily maintain the status quo in Macao.

1April, 1987 13, the two prime ministers signed the Joint Statement of the Governments of People's Republic of China (PRC) and Portugal on Macao and its two annexes. China promised to implement one country, two systems for Macao, and ensured that Macao people enjoyed the right of "a high degree of autonomy and Macao people ruling Macao".

1993 On March 3 1, the China People's Congress (NPC) passed the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region in Beijing. Before 1999, it was the territory of China under Portuguese rule, and the sovereignty of Macao belonged to China.

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1 at 0: 00 on February 20th, 1999, witnessed by the heads of state of China and Portugal, Wei Qili, the 27th Governor of Macao, and He Houhua, the1Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region, handed over the Macao regime at the handover ceremony venue of the new Macao port.

The next morning (65438+February 2 1), the people of Macao welcomed the PLA troops stationed in Macao; At this point, People's Republic of China (PRC) officially resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Macao.

20 15 12 16 the State Council executive meeting adopted the administrative division map of People's Republic of China (PRC) and People's Republic of China (PRC) Macao special administrative regions, which came into force on February 20, 2000. 199965438+On February 20th, the State Council promulgated the Administrative Region Map of People's Republic of China (PRC) and China Macao Special Administrative Regions, which was abolished at the same time.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Macau