Social life in Changxing county

Changxing, the pearl of Taihu Lake, enjoys a unique geographical position. Changxing is located in the Hangjiahu Plain in the Yangtze River Delta of China, between Suzhou and Hangzhou, and is known as a paradise. Located on the southwest bank of Taihu Lake, it is famous at home and abroad for a song "Taihu Lake is Beautiful, Beauty is in Taihu Lake". Across the lake from Suzhou and Wuxi, it is known as "Land of Abundance", "House of Silk", "State of Culture" and "Southeast Wang Xian". Changxing is the transportation hub of Shanghai Economic Zone, located at the junction of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces, so it is known as the thoroughfare of the three provinces. Changxing is located in the center of the Yangtze River Delta, about150km away from Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Suzhou, Wuxi and Wuhu. It consists of two national highways (Beijing-Fuzhou National Highway 104, Shanghai-Lhasa National Highway 3 18), three expressways (Hangning-Hangning Expressway, Hangchang Expressway, Huhe-Zhejiang-Anhui Expressway) and three railways (Jiangsu Xinyi-Zhejiang Changxing Railway, a land-sea corridor connecting the northeast with the Yangtze River Delta). And a "golden waterway" (Changxing-Huzhou-Shanghai) with an annual transportation capacity of over 20 million tons and the reputation of "Oriental Rhine" meet and converge in Changxing, which makes Changxing closely connected with surrounding large and medium-sized city easy and provides superior convenience for Changxing's smooth logistics and economic development. Changxing became the sub-center of Shanghai logistics, sharing the transit pressure of Shanghai logistics. Changxing, the pearl of Taihu Lake, has profound cultural heritage. Changxing County was founded in the third year of Jin Taikang (AD 282) and was promoted to the state in the early years of Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369), the state was changed into a county with a history of 1700 years. Changxing is the hometown of Chen Baxian, the founding emperor of the Chen Dynasty, and still retains the sacred well where he bathed in the world. Cha Sheng Lu Yu wrote his masterpiece Tea Classic in Changxing, becoming the founder of China tea culture, and Changxing became the birthplace of tea culture. In the middle of Ming Dynasty, Gui Youguang, a great essayist, and Wu Cheng'en, a novelist, jointly ruled Changxing County. The three steles, Preface to Shengjing Ming, Mengdingtang Story and Changxing County Name, written by Gui and Wu, are still well preserved. Wu Cheng'en has accumulated a lot of materials for writing Journey to the West in Changxing County. Changxing also preserves the handwriting of a generation of masters such as Zhao Peggy, a great painter and calligrapher in the Yuan Dynasty. Changxing's folk art is also very rich, including the wonderful folk art "Baiyelong", which represents the country's visit to Southeast Asian countries and participates in the New Year Lantern Festival in China and New Zealand, as well as the religious culture in fairy mountain, and the Changxing limestone reserve, which is listed as a world geological heritage and named "Golden Nail". Changxing, an old revolutionary base area, has a state-level cultural relics protection unit and the former site of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Military Command of the New Fourth Army, and is known as "Little Yan 'an in the south of the Yangtze River". Changxing, the pearl of Taihu Lake, is rich in natural resources. Changxing District covers an area of 1430 square kilometers and is rich in land resources, with 600,000 mu of cultivated land, 65,438+10,000 mu of dry land, 900,000 mu of forest land and 65,438+10,000 mu of water surface. It is a national "grain and oil county", "commodity grain production base county" and an oil-producing county in Zhejiang Province. Changxing is rich in famous and excellent new products, including the four treasures of Taihu Lake: whitebait, white-shelled shrimp, silver carp and hairy crabs. There are four famous "Changxing treasures": ginkgo, chestnut, green plum and Trichosanthes kirilowii; There are three world-famous "three wonders of tea tasting": purple bamboo shoot tea, teapot, Jinsha spring and so on. Changxing is adjacent to Tianmu in the west and Taihu Lake in the east, forming a superior natural landscape environment. The natural and cultural landscapes are rich and unique, and the development potential of tourism resources is huge. In particular, the "Golden Nail" geological relics protection area, the Shili Ancient Ginkgo Corridor and the Chinese alligator protection area are rare natural heritages in the world. The coastline of Taihu Lake, which stretches for 34 kilometers, provides a broad space for the development of tourism. We have conducted an international consultation on the tourism development planning around Taihu Lake with a square kilometer of 1.6, and plan to make the southwest bank of Taihu Lake a unique and well-known tourist and leisure resort at home and abroad through several years of efforts. Changxing, the pearl of Taihu Lake, has an increasingly optimized investment environment. According to the requirements of speeding up the construction of modern medium-sized cities, we revised and improved the overall planning of Changxing city. In the recent planning, the goal of Changxing Central City in 2005 is to build a built-up area of 25 square kilometers with a population of 200,000. According to the plan, we will speed up the construction of a number of landmark roads and buildings with the focus on supporting urban facilities, improving urban functions and upgrading urban taste. In the past three years, 35 key infrastructure and municipal facilities projects with a total investment of 5.72 billion yuan have been started or completed, and the urban framework has been expanded to 2 1 square kilometer, initially forming relatively concentrated economic development zones, business areas, cultural and educational areas and residential areas, and basically forming the embryonic form of a modern medium-sized industrial and commercial city. In particular, Changxing (provincial) economic development zone has become a blessed place for investment and entrepreneurship. In accordance with the goal of building a national first-class development zone, adhere to the high starting point planning and high standard construction, and make the county's efforts to run the development zone well. The county economic development zone has a planned total area of 25 square kilometers, basically achieving nine connections and one leveling. The main roads in the area are all designed according to the national first-class highway standards, with a width of 66 meters and a greening rate of 40%. Water supply, power supply, heat supply, gas supply, drainage, sewage discharge and communication pipelines have been laid in place at one time. At the same time, efforts should be made to create an atmosphere of pro-business, safe business, support business and wealthy businessmen, and an examination and approval center, an investment service center and a foreign complaint center should be established, so as to strive for quickness, high quality and trustworthiness and continuously improve the investment service environment. Up to 2003, nearly 100 foreign-invested enterprises from the United States, Hongkong, Taiwan Province and other countries and regions have settled in Changxing, and a number of large-scale projects have successively settled in Changxing. Changxing, the pearl of Taihu Lake, has a strong economic development momentum. Since the reform and opening up, especially in recent years, we have focused on structural adjustment, relied on scientific and technological progress, worked hard to expand opening up, accelerated institutional innovation, and further promoted sustained, rapid and healthy economic and social development, maintaining a strong development momentum. Changxing has an active economy, stable society, prosperous industry and rich people. In the new century, Changxing will make great achievements with a more open attitude, a more pioneering spirit, a more solid work and a more vigorous pace towards the grand goal of building a modern medium-sized industrial and trade city with landscape gardens and realizing modernization ahead of schedule. In 2006, the county achieved a regional GDP of 65.438+0.626 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 654.38+05.9% and a per capita GDP of 3,300 US dollars. The total fiscal revenue was 22,065.438 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 34%, of which the local fiscal revenue was10.204 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 37%; The investment in fixed assets of the whole society totaled 33,654,380+billion yuan in four years, with an average annual growth rate of 23.3%; The balance of deposits and loans of financial institutions reached "double over 10 billion", reaching 654.38+0.2 billion yuan and 654.38+0.5 billion yuan respectively. The tertiary industry structure is becoming more and more reasonable, from 13.9:52.6:33.5 in 2002 to 9.9: 57. 1.33 in 2006. The rankings of the top 100 counties with comprehensive strength in China and the top 100 counties with basic competitiveness in county economy were respectively increased from 107 and 97 in 2002 to 56 and 62 in 2005. As of June 5438+February 3, 20051,Changxing County had jurisdiction over 10 towns and 6 townships: luocheng town, Hongqiao, Lincheng, Si 'an, Xiaopu, heping town, meishan town, Jiapu, Hongxing Bridge and Lijiaxiang. Shuikou Township, Lvshan Township, Wushan Township, Baixian Township, Huaikan Township and Erjieling Township.

Changxing producing area

Changxing has beautiful scenery, rich humanities and a long history. About 5000 years ago, as far away as the Neolithic Age, the primitive society equivalent to the legendary Yanhuang and Yaoshun periods, it was already inhabited at the foot of the towering fairy mountain, at the foot of the long mountain, by the rippling lake and on the banks of the Ruoxi River. They cultivated fields, planted rice, planted mulberry, raised silkworms and fired pottery in this beautiful and rich land. They are the ancestors of developing Changxing. Changxing's historical habit began in the Spring and Autumn Period (5 14-495 BC) when wuyue was fighting for hegemony. During the Spring and Autumn Period of Wuyue, Changxing belonged to the State of Wu, and in the first year of He Lu (5 14 BC), King Wu and Lu let their brother-in-law live here and build a city. The ancient city is surrounded by mountains and waters, spanning the water depth. According to the dangerous mountain, it is narrow and long, hence the name Great Wall. Because the king of Wu almost presided over the construction, also known as Wucheng, which was later destroyed by war. In the seventh year of Tang Wude (624), Changxing County was built, and the land was changed to a city. In the fifth year of Song Tiansheng (1027), it was rebuilt and seven gates were built. According to the Book of Pictures in Song Dynasty, there are 13 squares in the city, such as Changle, Zanshan, Xishan, Osmanthus fragrans and Renhe. In the seventeenth year of Yuan Dynasty (1357), Zhu Yuanzhang led the post-war reconstruction in Geng Bingwen. The circumference of the city is 929 feet, and the walls are 3 feet high and 2 feet 8 feet 5 inches wide. There are six city gates and two water gates. There is a moat around the city wall, 7 feet and 5 feet wide. At the same time, three rivers have been dug in the city, 1 runs through the city from east to west, 2 from north to south, and 3 rivers are connected with each other in the shape of "20", which was called "20-character river" in ancient times. Houses are built by the water, streets are built by the river, and teahouses, restaurants and rice shops are all over the streets, forming a chessboard pattern with land and water parallel and adjacent rivers and streets, retaining the quaint style of "small bridges and flowing people" in Jiangnan water town. Judging from the map of the county seat carved in the Chronicle of Changxing County by Qing Qianlong, the reconstruction presided over by Geng Bingwen in Ming Dynasty laid the urban framework of Changxing Ancient City. After more than 700 years of vicissitudes, its city site, pattern and scale remained basically unchanged until the Republic of China. In the meantime, successive dynasties dredged rivers, built bridges, paved roads, restored temples and Taoist temples, and restored historical sites, thus recreating the beautiful scenery of the hometown of Chen Baxian, the founding emperor of the Southern Dynasties, and becoming one of the ancient cities in the south of the Yangtze River. Changxing people originated in the Yellow River basin and are descendants of China. During the Song Dynasty, the population tended to increase. By the time of Jiading in the Southern Song Dynasty (1208~ 1224), the population of the county had reached 62,300 households with 273,000 people, with an average of nearly 5 people per household. Due to military and natural disasters, the late Qing Dynasty was also an important area for the Taiping Army and the Qing Army to compete for, with countless deaths and escapes and a sharp drop in population. After the implementation of the policy of encouraging population, a large number of customers moved and the population suddenly increased. Most of them come from Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Anhui and northern Jiangsu, followed by Wenzhou, Taizhou, Shaoxing, Hangzhou and Jinhua in this province. They live in this hot land with local residents, develop farming and engage in farming. Developing fishery and raising fish in Taihu Lake; Develop culture, cultivate rural talents, and contribute to the sustainable development of Changxing ... The bits and pieces of Changxing history are created by Changxing people. The creation of Changxing people is not only a contribution to Changxing. Xie 'an Tomb in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Chen Baxian's former residence in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Gongcha Courtyard in the Tang Dynasty, Tea Classics by Lu Yu of Cha Sheng, Cliff Stone Carvings in the Tang and Song Dynasties, Buddhist Holy Land in Fairy Mountain in the Tang Dynasty, Taihu Lake (Building) Port in the Ming Dynasty, and Jiangsu and Zhejiang Military Region of the New Fourth Army in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression Period. Tang Taizong was a talented woman with rich and colorful works. She was known as Gu, Gui Youguang and Wu Cheng'en, masters of literature in Ming Dynasty, and Ding Fengyuan, pioneer of running a school in late Qing Dynasty. During the revolutionary period, a number of revolutionary heroes emerged ... The history of civilization created by Changxing people contributed to the great motherland that gave birth to Changxing. In the long-term struggle against natural disasters, historical reactionary forces and foreign invaders, Changxing people persisted in production and struggle, making this sacred territory stand on the shore of Taihu Lake, leaving an epic glorious history. Moreover, Changxing people have been developing Changxing's history in twists and turns, making it enter a brand-new today and face a brilliant tomorrow. Changxing people are worthy of the great Chinese nation.

Ancient academy

Schools, academies and county schools are the organizational forms of ancient education. Changxing County School originated from a private school during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Academy and county school were founded in Song and Yuan Dynasties and flourished in Ming and Qing Dynasties. In ancient times, children's ways of reading were generally enlightenment in private schools, completion of academies, and county learning for imperial examinations. Academy is a place to give lectures, both official and private. The host is called "Shantou" (Dean), and the teacher is divided into lectures, classics (one for each of the Five Classics) and seniors (one for ritual music, imperial examination, calligraphy and mathematics). Students are scholars, juren and tong sheng. The earliest academy in Changxing was Donghu Academy founded by Jiang in Jiapu Gaotang Temple from Yuan Dynasty to the 24th year of Yuan Dynasty (1287), which became one of the 40 famous academies in China. In the Ming Dynasty, Changxing Academy entered its heyday. The famous academies are: the academy founded by Shang Shu Gu of Nanjing Criminal Department in Chang 'anmen (now the Great West Gate) of Luocheng, the Jiangde Academy founded by Huang (Yi) Gate (now the Small West Gate of Mihang) of Changxing County, and the academy founded by Gu Yingxiu at the foot of Wufeng Mountain after returning to the field. Among them, the most famous is Ruoxi Academy. In the thirty-fourth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1606), Xiong Ming, the magistrate of Changxing County, met the abandoned Jiangde Academy for many years. He regretted it, and set up Ruoxi Academy in Jinlian Tower West (now Jinlian Bridge West) in the northeast corner of the county. The hospital was burned down when the Qing army went south in the late Ming Dynasty. Later, in the years of Qianlong, Xianfeng and Tongzhi, it was another vicissitudes of "building-destroying-building". In the 11th year of Guangxu (1885), assistant minister of the Ministry of War and painter Zhang Du (Changxing) donated money to expand Ruoxi Academy, and built more than 80 reading rooms, lecture halls, large playgrounds and lotus ponds. Courtyards are everywhere and trees are lush. Ruoxi Academy continued until the late Qing Dynasty, and scholars came to give lectures. For example, Yu Yue, a master of Confucian classics, once talked about the "Four Books". The academy has become a place where famous teachers and students gather inside and outside the county and study papers. In the 31st year of Guangxu (1905), the Qing government abolished the imperial examination, and Ruoxi Academy was changed to Ruoxi High School Hall. In addition, during the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty, Wu Zhongluan, a magistrate of a county, built Xia Dan Academy in Xiaoximen; In the third year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1877), Yun Sizan, a magistrate of a county, built a Mongolian Academy in Xi 'an, later renamed Anxi Academy, and set up an Anxi Senior Primary School Hall in the early years of the Republic of China. County schools are state-run county-level institutions of higher learning. Changxing County School was founded in Song Dynasty (1044). In the 9th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1530), Gong Xue, the county seat, moved from the east of the city to Xizuo Hebei (now Changxing No.1 Middle School). Gong Xue Dacheng Hall has been repaired several times and has been preserved to this day. In the thirty-first year of Guangxu, the county school and Ruoxi Academy were abolished at the same time.