All knowledge about Xinchang County

Xinchang County Directory

Basic Overview

Physical Geography

Historical Evolution

The Origin of Chengtan Town

Customs

Economic overview

Administrative divisions

Historical celebrities

Basic overview

Xinchang County, known as Yandong in ancient times, also known as Nanming, is under the jurisdiction of Shaoxing City and located in the eastern part of Zhejiang Province.

Before the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to Shan County. After the Five Dynasties, Liang established the county in the second year of Kaiping (908).

It is now included in the coastal economic open area and belongs to the Shanghai economic area. With the completion and opening of Ningbo's international "Oriental Port", Xinchang's regional advantages have become more significant.

The county borders Ninghai and Fenghua to the east, Tiantai to the south, Pan'an and Dongyang to the southwest, and Shengzhou City from west to north.

The distance from east to west is 52.3 kilometers, and the distance from north to south is 36.9 kilometers.

The total area of ??the county is 1,213 square kilometers, equivalent to 1.8195 million acres, accounting for approximately 1.2% of the province's land area.

Among them, the cultivated land area is 228,700 acres, accounting for 12.6% of the total land area; the mountain forest area is 1.313 million acres, accounting for 71.7% of the total land area. It is a mountainous and hilly county dominated by mountain forests and dry land. It is known as It is known as "eight mountains, half water and half fields".

Xinchang County has beautiful natural scenery and numerous cultural and historical sites, and is known as the "Southeast Eye".

There are three provincial-level scenic spots in the territory: the Great Buddha Temple, Chuanyan Nineteen Peaks, and Wozhou Lake-Tianmu Mountain.

The Grand Buddha Temple, one of the national key open temples, is an ancient temple in the Southern Dynasties. It is famous at home and abroad for having the largest Buddha in the south of the Yangtze River - the Grotto Maitreya Statue and 1,075 small stone Buddhas.

In recent years, development efforts have been intensified, and characteristic landscapes such as Prajna Valley, Shediao Village, Buddha Heart Square, Petrified Wood Forest, Open-air Maitreya, Luohan Cave, Baiyun Lake, and City God Temple have been built.

The peaks and valleys, waterfalls, springs, and creeks and pools of the Nineteen Peaks of Chuanyan display the beautiful natural scenery and the charm of the mountains and rivers.

The lakes and mountains of Wozhou and Tianmu are the places that literati of all ages yearned for.

From the Buddhist culture of the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties to the poetry culture of the Tang Dynasty, Xinchang has hosted two cultural peaks (People's Daily, October 9, 2001).

Over the years, Xinchang’s landscapes and historical sites have attracted CCTV’s “Journey to the West”, “The Swordsman”, “The Legend of the Condor Heroes”, “Shaolin King of Martial Arts”, “Dragon”, “Phoenix” Seeking the Phoenix", "Lotus Lantern" and many others, it has become a nationally famous location base and has sung the film and television culture.

Currently, many special tourist routes such as "Buddhist Journey", "Tang Poetry Road", "Charm of Landscape", "Film and Television Locations" attract domestic and foreign tourists in droves.

In 2002, the number of tourists in Xinchang reached 1.4267 million, and the total tourism revenue reached 1.005 billion yuan. Tourism has become a pillar industry of Xinchang.

Xinchang County was founded in 908 AD and has a long history, outstanding people and natural treasures.

"Tobacco, tea, silk and art" are the four traditional specialties. Today, there are "Hometown of Chinese Famous Tea", "Hometown of Chinese Osmanthus", "Hometown of Woolly Rabbit", "Small Hydropower" "Hometown" and other good names.

There are many famous products and snacks, such as Xiaojingsheng, spring cakes, taro dumplings and other snacks.

[Edit this paragraph] Physical geography

Xinchang County borders Ninghai and Fenghua to the east, Tiantai to the south, Pan'an and Dongyang to the southwest, and Shengzhou City from west to north. The distance from east to west is 52.3 kilometers, and the distance from north to south is 36.9 kilometers.

The total area of ??the county is 1,213 square kilometers, equivalent to 1.8195 million acres, accounting for approximately 1.2% of the province's land area.

Among them, the cultivated land area is 228,700 acres, accounting for 12.6% of the total land area; the mountain forest area is 1.313 million acres, accounting for 71.7% of the total land area. It is a mountainous and hilly county dominated by mountain forests and dry land. It is known as It is known as "eight mountains, half water and half fields".

The main peaks in Xinchang County are all above 600 meters above sea level. The highest peak is Xiaojiang Bodhi Peak, with an altitude of 996 meters.

The Siming Mountains enter from the northeast and reach the Shaxi Mountains in a short distance.

Two branches of the Tiantai Mountains enter from the central and southern parts. The Tianmu Mountain District, known as "Yiyi Main Mountain" in ancient times, stretches to Anding Mountain and forms the eastern mountainous area from Ru'ao to Huishan.

The Kuaiji and Dapan Mountains enter from the southwest and lie between Anshan in Jingping Township and Xikeng in Jingling Town, forming the southern mountainous area of ??Jingling.

The central part is hilly platform, generally basalt platform with an altitude of 250 meters to 500 meters. The larger ones include Huishan, Dashiju, Mengjiatang, Dunshan, etc., and the edges are steep slopes and mountains.

Xinchang County has three major streams, with a county watershed area of ??1,209 square kilometers, 73 large and small tributaries, a length of 455.6 kilometers, and a river network density of 0.38 kilometers per square kilometer.

It is a typical mountainous river with many tributaries, large drops and rich hydraulic resources.

The most important rivers are Chengtan River, Xinchang River and Huangze River.

Chengtan River

The Chengtan River is the main stream of the Cao'e River. It originates from Jianggong Ridge (870 meters above sea level) in Pan'an County. It was originally called Teng (Teng) Creek and passed through Wuzhangyan Reservoir. It is called Jiaxi. It enters 1 km northwest of Shiniankeng, Huishan Town, this county. It flows from south to north through Jingping, Jingling, Chengtan, Meizhu and other townships, and flows into Shengzhou City at Baidu River in the east of Tiandong. The total length is 91 kilometers.

Xinchang covers an area of ??44.1 kilometers and has a drainage area of ??388.63 square kilometers, accounting for 31.8% of the total area of ??the county. The width of the upstream and downstream rivers is about 80 to 140 meters respectively.

More than 60% of the county's cultivated land and more than 70% of the population are concentrated on both sides of the strait.

After liberation, our county built Shimen Reservoir and Menxi Reservoir in the upper reaches, providing guarantee for controlling and mitigating flood disasters in areas along the river.

Xinchang River

Xinchang River is a tributary of Cao'e River.

It originates from Huading Mountain in Tiantai, passes through Shiliang Waterfall, Cisheng in Shiqiao Township, and enters Dazhuyuan. It passes through Xiaojiang Town, Shanghai Village and is known as Maoyang River and Huangtan River, and runs diagonally northwest through the middle of the county. , passing through Dashi Ju Town, Ba Mao Town and Chengguan Town to half a kilometer northwest of Houxi Village and entering Shengzhou City, with a total length of 67.3 kilometers.

Xinchang has a territory of 48.9 kilometers and a drainage area of ??433 square kilometers.

Accounting for 36.3% of the total area of ??the county, the average river width is about 60 meters, and the natural drop is 173 meters. In the middle reaches, there is Changzhao Changku, also known as Wozhou Lake, which is a provincial-level scenic spot.

Huangzejiang

Huangzejiang, formerly known as Wangzexi, originated from Naifangling, Qiaoying Township (3 kilometers southeast of Zhongxi Village), and was originally called Jugenxi.

It passes through Juzhen, Dashi, to Zhu'an, Xinlin Township, and is called Guangxi. After passing through Zhenqin Village, Daming City, it is called Hengxi. After passing through Changshan Village, it is called Huangzejiang. It enters Shengzhou and enters Cao'e River at Huangzepukou. , with a total length of 70.6 kilometers.

50.6 kilometers within Xinchang.

The basin area is 378 square kilometers, accounting for 30.9% of the county's total area. The average river width is about 70 meters, with a natural drop of 257 meters. There is Qiaoying Reservoir in its upper reaches.

Xinchang has a subtropical climate and is located in the transition zone between the mid- and northern subtropics. It is mild and humid with four distinct seasons.

Rain and heat are synchronized in early spring and summer, while midsummer is sunny and hot. Light and temperature complement each other in autumn and winter, and there are more disastrous weathers.

It also has typical mountain climate characteristics, with obvious differences in horizontal and vertical directions.

The four seasons are long in winter and summer and short in spring and autumn.

In spring, warm and cold air masses advance and retreat in the county, resulting in sudden cold and hot temperatures, changeable weather, and continuous rain.

There is a lot of precipitation, accounting for 26% to 35% of the year.

"Late Spring Cold" appeared in March and April.

In early summer, there is often "Meiyu" with heavy rainfall. Sometimes "Meiyu" occurs early in late May.

In midsummer, from July to August, the Pacific subtropical high pressure enters the country, and the weather is sunny and hot, forming a "latent drought". Typhoons, violent winds and rains often cause disasters, and precipitation is also associated with drought relief.

Local thundershowers often occur in the afternoon, with occasional hail, strong winds, and heavy rain causing disasters.

Precipitation accounts for about 37% of the year.

In early autumn, warm and cold air masses clash, with many low temperatures and rainy days. After mid-autumn, affected by the small high pressure in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the autumn air is crisp and clear, "autumn drought" is common, and "Little Indian Spring" appears in October.

Precipitation accounts for 14%.

In winter, when *** enters the Sanjiang River Valley through the northwest valley plain (basin), the temperature drops sharply and the precipitation accounts for 23% of the year.

Xinchang County has a diverse surface environment and rich resources.

Mainly include land resources, water resources, mine resources, labor resources and biological resources.

It has created a bright future for the development of industry and agriculture.

Xinchang County is part of the low mountains and hills of Zhejiang and Fujian.

The eastern part is dominated by low-mountain military tombs, with the main peaks above 800 meters above sea level. The central part is mostly hilly platform below 300 meters, descending in steps from south to north. The northwest is composed of river valleys and low hills. Distributed alternately, the altitude is below 150 meters, and the lowest altitude is only 28 meters.

According to statistics, the county's mountainous area is 382.49 square kilometers, accounting for 31.7% of the total area, the hilly platform area is 765.48 square meters, accounting for 62.25% of the total area, and the basin area is 73.56 square kilometers, accounting for 6.58% of the total area.

According to the land resources survey from 1989 to 1992, the total land area of ??the county is 1.8208 million acres, including 501,700 acres of cultivated land (including field ridges and ridges), accounting for 27.56%; 178,000 acres of garden land, accounting for 7.03%; forest land 904,100 acres, accounting for 1.08%; water areas are 81,100 acres, accounting for 4.45%; unused land is 117,200 acres, accounting for 6.44%.

Xinchang is rich in water resources, and overall supply and demand are basically balanced.

The tributaries of streams and rivers in the county are densely distributed in length and breadth. The river sections have high mountains and steep slopes, and the river channels are curved and have large drops. The water flow is rapid and unfavorable for navigation. However, it contains rich water resources, with an average annual self-produced runoff of 947 million. The water production per square kilometer is 771,000 cubic meters, and the per capita water production is 2,370 cubic meters, which is close to the provincial average.

Since liberation, the people of Xinchang County have built water conservancy projects and built more than 600 large, medium and small reservoirs and more than 5,200 large and small mountain ponds. In 1997, the total water storage capacity reached 317 million cubic meters.

The average annual total groundwater reserves are 164 million cubic meters.

This unique advantage in water resources provides a good foundation for the development of small hydropower and has great potential.

According to the commissioning by relevant units, the theoretical reserve capacity reaches 72,800 kilowatts, and the total developable capacity is 61,500 kilowatts.

Xinchang County has a theoretical hydropower reserve of 59.6 kilowatts, ranking first in Shaoxing City.

In 1986, Xinchang County took the lead in realizing rural electrification in the province. By the end of 1998, the number of hydropower stations in the county had grown to 108, with a total installed capacity of 43,700 kilowatts, ranking first in the province.

100 suppressed villages in the county received electricity.

Known as the "hometown of small hydropower", small hydropower has become an important way to get rid of poverty and become rich in rural areas.

There are many types of mining resources in Xinchang County, mainly including fluorite, granite, lignite, oil shale, silver ore, and bluestone known as "Jiangnan Bishi". Decorative building materials for famous domestic scenic spots.

Fluorite mine (fluorite) has been developed for more than 70 years.

The prospective granite reserves are more than 1 cubic meter, ranking first in Shaoxing City.

[Edit this paragraph]Historical evolution

The name of the county comes from the name of Xinchang Township, which also implies the prosperity and prosperity of the newly established county.

Xinchang County belonged to Yue during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and belonged to Kuaiji County during the Qin Dynasty. At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, Yan County was established under Kuaiji County, and Xinchang was part of Yan County.

In the last years of the Tang Dynasty, the warlords separated themselves and supported their own troops. In the third year of Qianning in Tang Dynasty (896), Qian Liu captured Yuezhou and established the Wuyue Kingdom.

Because the road from the capital Qiantang River to Wenzhou was long, and there were frequent exchanges of personnel and special funds in the southeast of Shan, there were no post stations along the way, so in the second year of Kaiping in Liang Dynasty (908) of the Five Dynasties, King Qianliu of Wuyue divided the country. Xinchang County was established in 13 townships in the east of Yan'an. These 13 townships are Yongshou, Shishun, Changhua, Xiangming, Zunde, Shicheng, Wushan, Fengle, Caiyan, Shanzheng, Xinchang, Anren, and Shouyi.

The name of the county comes from the name of Xinchang Township, which also implies the prosperity and prosperity of the newly established county.

Xinchang in the Northern Song Dynasty belonged to Yuezhou, and in the Southern Song Dynasty it belonged to Shaoxing Road.

In the Yuan Dynasty, it belonged to Shaoxing Prefecture and was under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces.

In the Ming Dynasty, it was subordinate to Si Ning Shaodao, the chief envoy of Zhejiang Province.

In the Qing Dynasty, Xinchang belonged to Shaoxing Prefecture and was subordinate to Shaotai Road, Xiaoning, Zhejiang.

During the Republic of China, Zhejiang Province established administrative inspection districts, and Xinchang County belonged to the second and third districts successively.

On May 22, 1949, Xinchang was liberated and the County People’s Communist Party was established, which belongs to Shaoxing Prefecture.

In January 1958, the Shaoxing Prefecture was abolished and placed under the Ningbo Prefecture.

In November 1958, the Xinchang county system was abolished and the administrative area was merged into Sheng County.

After September 1961, Xinchang County has been a county under the Shaoxing District, region and city to this day.

[Edit this paragraph]The origin of Chengtan Town

Chengtanjiang Town was formed from the three original townships of Chengtanjiang, Dasheng and Shanxia after the district was withdrawn and merged with the township in 1995. merged.

It borders Zhonghe and Wenjia City in the east, Hehua and Gaoping Townships in the north, Dayao Town in the west, and Pingxiang City in Jiangxi Province in the south.

The town covers an area of ??157.83 square kilometers, including more than 19,000 acres of paddy fields and 188,000 acres of mountain forests. It governs 14 villages (communities) and has a population of 59,000.

Within the territory, the Nanchuan River is 35 miles long and runs through the whole town.

It is said that there are 28 pools of various sizes and depths strung together like beads from the Nanchuan River up to Yantan Bay and down to Dayao Wujiazhou Pool, so it was named Chengtan River.

[Edit this paragraph] Customs and customs

The so-called "do something wrong when doing forty when you are thirty": it refers to birthday celebrations and birthdays, which are a kind of blessing for people to express their good wishes. It is also a good custom of respecting the elderly. This custom has a long history in our country and is still continuing today.

There is a Yue proverb: "When you are ten years old, your grandma's house will be the same as when you are twenty years old, your mother-in-law's house." This sentence means that both the grandma's house and the father-in-law's house will send gifts such as robes, coats, four treasures of the study, and steamed buns. Worship God, bless and celebrate your nephew or son-in-law.

Although the tenth and twenty-year-olds are not eligible for birthday celebrations, they are still in line with the traditional Chinese custom of holding commemorative and celebration activities when encountering "ten", which is called "birthday" among the people.

In Xinchang, birthday celebrations are usually held at the age of ten, but not all birthdays can be celebrated at the age of ten.

The old customs of Xinchang have unique rules for celebrating birthdays, especially in terms of age. There are also many taboos.

There is a proverb in Xinchang that "eighteen years are short, nineteen years are dead, and twenty years is the yin life", which means that young people cannot be given longevity before the age of twenty.

There is also a saying in Xinchang called "Thirty is a must (shou), forty is a cha (same pronunciation as the wrong one)".

This sentence means that it is not bad to celebrate when you are thirty years old, but "four" and "death" are homophonic, which is unlucky, so you cannot hold birthday celebration activities when you are forty years old. , should be diverted, or should be missed.

According to Xinchang custom, age is generally calculated based on virtual age.

Starting from the age of fifty, children and grandchildren will offer sacrifices to gods and ancestors on their birthdays and prepare birthday wine.

The birthday is called "Zhengshou", and the birthday banquet is hosted by the children and grandchildren, which is called "Peach Wine".

The wine cup is a wine vessel, and the peach is a longevity peach. The name "peach wine cup" roughly means holding a wine cup to celebrate birthdays.

The day before the official birthday is called "Warm Birthday", and the married daughter is responsible for organizing it.

Birthday celebrations can be done in advance within a year, but birthdays cannot be celebrated after the birthday.

When a birthday is approaching, children and grandchildren usually come forward to invite relatives and friends to drink birthday wine.

On the day of drinking birthday wine, birthday gifts are usually given.

In places such as Shengzhou and Xinchang, birthday gifts are often given at the beginning of the first month of the year of birth.

Birthday gifts are all named with the word "Shou", such as Shou candles, Shou noodles, Shou wine, Shou Zhang, Shou uranium, Shou couplets, Shou paintings, Shou screen, Shou cakes, Shou steamed buns, longevity peaches, etc., and the word "shou" is cut out of red paper and placed on birthday gifts and birthday celebration utensils.

Among them, birthday peaches are an indispensable birthday gift, but if it is not in the season when peaches are produced, rice flour can be used instead.

During birthday celebrations, in addition to giving birthday gifts, birthday congratulators also wish the recipients good luck and say auspicious words such as "May your life be as long as the Southern Mountains" and "Blessed as the East Sea".

In order to create a birthday celebration atmosphere, starting from the warm birthday, that is, the day before the first birthday, lanterns are usually hung and big candles are lit.

Hang birthday pictures, banners, etc.

Those who are celebrating their birthdays wear auspicious clothes and receive congratulations from younger generations or relatives and friends.

In addition to general birthday gifts, daughters and sons-in-law also need to give birthday gifts such as clothes, shoes and socks.

In the old days, wealthy families would hire a troupe to perform birthday operas.

Shou Opera mostly performs Ping Tiao, Lian Hua Luo or "Next Door Opera" (this type of opera is a folk art based on ventriloquism and has been lost now).

The main content of birthday plays is mostly festive, and the plays all end with a happy reunion for good luck.

Xinchang folk birthday celebrations are also held one year in advance due to special reasons, which is called "doing nine heads".

In addition, people believe that living to the age of sixty-six is ??a difficulty in the journey of life.

To pass this level, you can only pass by eating sixty-six pieces of meat.

Therefore, on the sixty-sixth birthday, the daughter or niece will give sixty-six pieces of meat to the old person to eat. If the old person is a vegetarian, the same amount of dried tofu and other foods will be used instead.

With the development of society, the progress of the times, and the evolution of world affairs, although the ancient custom of birthday celebrations still exists, it has undergone great changes in form and content.

People generally no longer worship gods and ancestors, and simplify the cumbersome etiquette of birthday celebrations.

On birthdays, people usually drink wine to celebrate their birthdays, and give out birthday noodles, birthday buns, birthday cakes, etc.

Giving noodles to people is called "longevity noodles", which means longevity.

According to the different hobbies of the deceased, the younger generations gave gifts that are beneficial to physical and mental health, giving new content to birthday celebrations.