The Life of the Characters in miep gies's Works

Miep gies, whose real name is Hermina Santruxitz, 1909 was born in Vienna. After World War I, Austria-Hungary disintegrated, Austria's political and economic turmoil, and food shortage led to soaring prices. Her parents participated in the Austrian child labor assistance program initiated by the Dutch Labor Association, with the aim of giving the emaciated Hermione a chance to survive. Hermione was lucky to be chosen. 11(1920 65438+February) years old, she was sent to Leiden, the Netherlands, and was fostered in the home of Laurens Nieuwenburg, the foreman of a coal plant.

In addition to Lawrence and his wife, there are four boys and 1 girl in Newenberg's family. They can accept and take care of Hermione and give her a nickname "Miep", which will become her common name in the future, and arrange for her to enter school with excellent results. At first, Meipu was only allowed to stay for three months, but due to her poor health, she was able to extend her stay. However, since then, the relevant units have not discussed her stay or not. Meipu became a member of the Neuwenberg family and moved to Amsterdam with the Neuwenberg family at the age of 65,438+03 (65,438+0922).

When Mei Pu 16 years old (1925), she returned to family of origin in Vienna accompanied by Neuweinberg and his wife. However, she could not adapt to local life and expressed her expectation to return to the Netherlands. Her mother realized that Mei Pu had integrated into the Netherlands, and staying in Vienna would only make her unhappy, so she relented and let Mei Pu return to her home in Newberg, the Netherlands. Meipu 18 (1927) graduated from high school and worked as a clerk in a textile company, but six years later (1933), the company laid off a large number of employees due to economic panic, including Meipu. In the same year, Otto Heinrich Frank, the son of a Jewish banker in Frankfurt, Germany, was allowed to open a Dutch subsidiary of Opekta in Amsterdam to produce pectin used to prepare fruit pulp. Mapp was introduced by her neighbors to Opekta, and passed the test of pectin cooking pulp, and was successfully hired to fill the vacancy of an assistant. In order to escape the rising anti-Semitism, Otto moved his wife Edith Frank, his eldest daughter Margot Frank and his youngest daughter Anne from Aachen to Amsterdam.

1937, Opata moved to the Dutch Canal Building in Zinger. 1938, Otto found a Jewish working partner, Hermann van Pels, as a consultant, and founded the second company, Pectacon, to deal in spice trade. 1940, the company moved to a larger building near West Church, the Prince Canal, and the office staff was changed. At that time, besides Mapp, there were Elizabeth Viscu Il, Victor Cugler, Johannes Kreman and others.

1938, Nazi Germany announced its merger with Austria, and Slovakia was controlled by Nazi Germany and separated from Czechoslovakia. The situation was tense, and a large number of Jews fled the areas controlled by Nazi Germany. 1939 At the beginning of the year, Mapp planned to marry Jane Chance, who had been in love for many years. At that time, both of them shared a room with others and wanted to find a rented room to live with. When there are enough livestock for the wedding, they can't find a new house because Amsterdam is full of foreigners fleeing Nazi persecution. Fortunately, near Otto's house, the husband of an old Jewish woman disappeared after going to sea.

From 1939, Nazi Germany changed to military mode and expanded rapidly, and the Soviet Red Army followed suit. 1 In September, Nazi Germany launched the Polish campaign. On September 4, Britain and France declared war on Germany. 17 In September, the Red Army invaded Poland from the east. 10 On June 6, the two armies fully occupied and carved up Poland. 1on April 9, 940, Nazi Germany launched the Withersburg operation in the name of "protecting Denmark from British and French invasion", invaded Denmark, landed in Copenhagen, and sent bombers over Danish airspace to intimidate. Due to the sudden incident and the disparity in military strength between the two countries, in order to minimize casualties, six hours later, King Christian X of Denmark announced his conditional surrender and Denmark became a "cooperative country" of Nazi Germany.

After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany, Mapp tried to give up Austrian citizenship and formally became Danish citizenship, but there was no progress. 194 1 one day, Meipu was summoned by the German embassy and asked her to join the Nazi women's society. Because she refused, the museum revoked her passport and said that she must return to Vienna within three months, otherwise she would marry a Danish. Because Danish law required foreign-related marriages to produce birth certificates at that time, Mapp turned to her uncle who lived in Naina for help. At first, it didn't go well. Later, she met a friend who worked as a civil servant in the Vienna municipal government and found evidence of Dutch aid to Austria. Only then did she successfully issue a birth certificate to Mei Pu. On July 16 of the same year, after explaining the invalid remarks in the passport to the civil servants of Amsterdam city government and agreeing that everything was legal, Meipu and Zhan finally completed the marriage registration. In the early days when Denmark was controlled by Nazi Germany, daily life was the same as in the past. Until that autumn (1940), anti-semitic measures were introduced one by one, and more and more regulations and bans made the situation of Jews more and more unbearable. Max and Zhan are worried about their Jewish friends, including the Otto family. Shortly after Mapp and Zhan (194 1) got married, Otto made Zhan the Commissioner of Bike Dakang, arranged Victor as the executive director of Bike Dakang, and Johannes as the managing director of Operta. Otto retired from management, retaining only the title of consultant. In Gith & Year. Company).

From the spring of 1942, Nazi Germany forced Jews to wear David Yellow Star on their clothes. Soon after, Otto explained to Max that he and his wife planned to take their two daughters, together with Herman, his wife Auguste van Pailes and their son Peter, to hide in the covered space behind the company building, and asked Max to take care of them during their hiding. Soon after, Otto got help from four other people (Beppe, Victor, Johannes and Beppe's father, John Viscu Il).

1942 At the beginning of June, Otto's eldest daughter Margo received a labor call-up, so Otto decided to implement the hiding plan immediately. Max and Zhan go to Otto's house to help prepare. First, they move Frank's necessary clothes to their own house, and then move to the place where the company plans to hide when there is a suitable opportunity. On the morning of July 6th, Mei Puyi planned to meet Margo, but Margo didn't bring the Star of David. They pretend to be colleagues who work together and ride bicycles to the company. Mei Puyi works as usual, and Margo hides in the back cover space. The next morning, Frank's wife and little daughter Anne also successfully hid in the hiding place. A week later, the Van Persie family joined in. In the same year, 165438+.

Mapp and Beipu are responsible for purchasing food for the concealer, Johannes and Victor are responsible for safety and financial scheduling, John built a secret door leading to the covered space with a bookshelf, and Zhan obtained a ration card through his relationship with the National Diver Organization. Meipu will have a chance to have lunch with Concealer and tell everyone the news from outside. Because the company is open during the day, there will be porters in the warehouse and customers in and out of the office, and the concealer must keep quiet. 1943 In the spring, Zhan and Mapp hid another student at home. Dutch students were arrested for refusing to sign the letter of loyalty to Germany, so Mapp prepared food for 1 1 people every day. With the delay of the war, the daily necessities are becoming more and more scarce, and the concealer and helper risk being arrested and patiently look forward to the arrival of peace. 1on June 6, 944, the allied forces launched the Normandy campaign on the western front, successfully opened the Atlantic barrier and entered the French border occupied by Nazi Germany; In February of the year before last (1943), the Germans suffered a crushing defeat in the Battle of Stalingrad on the Eastern Front, with heavy losses. 10 in June, the Italian king betrayed him. When Nazi Germany was being attacked from three sides, just after 1 1 in the early morning of Friday, August 4, 65438, a man in casual clothes walked into Mapp's office and pointed a pistol at them at work. Except for Beipu, eight hidden people, as well as Meipu, Victor and Johannes in the office, were arrested after noon, led by Carl, commander of Imperial Security Department. Oumlnliche symphony ie), after asking Mapp not to run away, allowed her to stay in the office, and everyone else was taken back.

Johannes and Victor, who helped hide, were first sent to Amhersford concentration camp where political prisoners were held. The Red Cross successfully rescued Johannes who had been imprisoned for six weeks for health reasons. Like other political prisoners, Victor was sent to the front line for defensive work, and was transferred to ZeVejnar, where he successfully escaped in April 1945.

Eight of them were first sent to Westerbork concentration camp and then transferred to Auschwitz concentration camp. From June 10 to June 1 10, Margot Frank, Anne Frank and Augustine Van Pace were sent to Bergen-Balzen concentration camp, and Fritz Fefa was sent to Saxony Hausen. 1in March, 945, Augustine was transferred from Bergen-Balzen to Buchenwald concentration camp, and then transferred to the Teresinstadt concentration camp. At the same time, Peter Van Pace was transferred from Auschwitz to the Mauthausen-Gu Sen concentration camp.

On the day of arrest, all the furniture in the hiding place was removed by Nazi security guards and Dutch police. Later, when Mapp and Pu Bei went to their hiding place, they found Anne's diary scattered on the ground. They collected it in fear and decided that Mei Pu would take care of it, so Mei Pu locked the diary in the drawer of her desk and never read it again, waiting for it to be returned to Annie in the future. Because the office supplies and spices are well preserved, Meipu and Beipu did not take them away. In order to operate the company, Meipu signed an agreement with the bank, which confirmed it, paid employees' salaries and paid suppliers. Six weeks later, Johannesburg was released and returned to work, and the operation also returned to Johannesburg.

1In late September, 944, the Allies launched operation market garden and parachuted the Netherlands to control the lower reaches of the Rhine, but failed. 1 1 In June, 2006, the allied forces led by Canadian 1 Corps launched the Battle of the Guerder River, which successfully controlled the area south of the Rhine River in the Netherlands. At the beginning of 1945, Nazi Germany was losing ground. In March, the allied looting successfully broke through the Rhine River, and the eastern and northern provinces of the Netherlands were controlled by the allied forces. On April 30th, Hitler committed suicide. On May 5th, the Dutch Nazi German garrison announced its surrender. On May 8, the German high command announced its unconditional surrender, and the European War of World War II officially ended. After the liberation of the Netherlands, Victor Koehler ended his hiding and returned to work in the company. Mapp's husband, Zhan, set up a social group to help those who came back after the war and inquired about the whereabouts of the Franks. About a month later, on June 3, I returned to Amsterdam to take refuge in Mapp and Zhan, bringing the bad news that my wife Edith died. Otto then returned to work. Everyone was looking forward to the return of other partners, but they learned the bad news from the testimony of other survivors. Of the eight people in hiding, only Otto was able to leave the concentration camp alive.

When Mapp learned that Margo and Annike could not come back, she gave Anne's diary locked in a drawer as a relic to Anne's father Otto, who handed over the ancient furniture collected before hiding to Mapp and Zhan. Otto translated Anne's diary into German in his spare time and sent it to his mother in Basel, Switzerland. Otto later mentioned Anne's diary at a regular Jewish gathering on Sunday, and agreed to put forward some translations at the request of friends, and then lent them to Anne Luo Meien, the wife of historian Jane Marius Luo Meien. After reading them, Jane Luo Meien published an article on Het Parool, which aroused the interest of publishers. Under the communication and persuasion of the publisher, Otto conditionally agreed that 1947' s diary was Anne Frank's "Diary of the Chamber of Secrets: 12 June 0942 to 1 August 0944" (Het Achterhuis: dagboekbrieven van12juni65438). For fear of arousing unfortunate memories, Mei Pu insisted on neither listening to nor reading the contents of the diary. It was not until the third edition of the book was prepared for Fu Zi in the same summer that she was persuaded to read the second edition. After reading it in one breath, she felt that Anne had been revived in her heart, as if she had never left.

1949, 40-year-old Max was pregnant for the first time. In July of 1950, her only son, Paul Chance, was born. 1952 Otto immigrated to Switzerland to take care of his mother and later remarried. The two families keep in touch, and the Max family often visits him. As Het Achterhuis is loved by readers, it has been translated into many languages, adapted into a stage play and then adapted into the film Diary of Anne Frank (1959 won three Oscars), the more attention it receives, the more it is questioned. Mapp couldn't accept that the facts would be misinterpreted, so she told Anne's story and her own experience everywhere to refute the accusation that the Holocaust happened and Het Achterhuis was a forgery, and accepted an interview with American woman writer Alison Leslie Gold Gold. 1987 published The Story of Anne Frank: The Story of the Woman Who Helped Hide the Franks. 1995 assisted in filming the documentary Memoirs of Anne Frank. Mapp has won many honors for her commitment to maintaining the truth of what happened to the Franks.

1993, Mapp's husband Jane Gith died of diabetes. In order to be close to his son's family, Meipu moved to North Holland in his later years, and set up a personal website to tell his son's life, provide historical photos and reference materials, and express his personal feelings and replies. He kept the habit of reading until he was 99 years old, 201065438+1October 65438+