Why is it that in the foreseeable future, humans will never be able to colonize Mars?

This red planet is a cold and lifeless place, where the atmosphere is about 100 times thinner than the earth. The trace air on Mars is mainly composed of toxic carbon dioxide, which has little effect on protecting the surface from harmful rays from the sun. The air pressure on Mars is very low; Only 600 Pascal, only 0.6% of the earth. You may also be exposed to the vacuum in space, leading to serious bending forms-including lung rupture, dangerous skin and body tissue swelling, and eventually even death.

Thin air also means that the heat on the surface cannot be retained. The average temperature of Mars is -63 degrees Celsius, and the lowest temperature can reach-126 degrees Celsius. In contrast, the recorded low temperature of the earth is 65438+-89 degrees Celsius on June 23, 1982 (Vostok Scientific Research Station, Antarctica). Once the temperature is below -40 degrees, people who are not properly dressed may have hypothermia within 5 to 7 minutes.

The mass of Mars is also smaller than generally believed. The gravity on this red planet is only 0.375 times that of the earth, which means that a person who weighs 180 pounds on the earth weighs only about 68 pounds on Mars. Although it sounds attractive, this low gravity environment may cause serious damage to human health in the long run and may have a negative impact on human fertility.

After successfully landing on the moon, Friedman said that he and his colleagues were very optimistic about the future. They think that "we will do more and more things, such as establishing colonies on Mars and the moon", but "in fact, there is no manned space program, whether it is the Apollo program, the space shuttle program or the International Space Station", which has laid the necessary foundation for colonizing Mars, such as building the necessary infrastructure and finding safe and feasible ways to obtain food and water. He said that unlike other fields, the development of manned space flight is "stagnant". Friedman agreed that it is possible for us to establish a base on Mars, but "historical evidence" shows that it is impossible to colonize Mars in the foreseeable future.