What animals are there in Antarctica?

In Antarctica, there are penguins, sea lions, seals and dolphins among animals, and plants are difficult to grow, only some moss and lichens.

I. Animals in Antarctica

1, Penguin: Penguin (scientific name: Spheniscidae), known as the "boat of the sea", is one of the oldest migratory birds. They probably settled in Antarctica before the earth put on ice armor. There are 18 species of penguins in the world, most of which are distributed in the southern hemisphere. Mainly living in the southern hemisphere, it belongs to Penguin, Penguinidae.

2. Sea lion: Sea lion (scientific name: Otarriinae): including 5 genera and 7 species. Distributed in the northern hemisphere. Small size, generally no more than 2 meters in length. The northern sea lion is the largest species in the sea lion family. Male body length is 3 10-350 cm, and body weight is above 1000 kg.

Male adults have long and thick manes around the neck and shoulders, yellow-brown body hair, light back hair color and dark chest and abdomen hair color. Females are lighter than males and have no mane. The face is short and wide, the nose and mouth are blunt, and the eyes and outer ear shells are small. The forelimb is longer and wider than the hind limb, the first toe of the forelimb is the longest, and the claws are degenerated. The lateral toe of hind limb is longer and wider than the middle toe, which has claws.

3. Seals: Seals are the general name of the family of Pinpoda seals. The sealing body is thick, round and spindle-shaped. The whole body is covered with short hair, the back is blue-gray, and the abdomen is milky yellow with blue-black spots. The head is nearly round, the eyes are big and round, there is no outer auricle, the kiss is short and wide, and the upper lip tentacles are long and thick, and they are like beads.

All limbs have five toes, and the toes are webbed, forming flippers with pointed claws. The hind flippers are large, extending backward, and the tail is short and flat.

4. Dolphin: Dolphin is an aquatic mammal closely related to whales and porpoises. It evolved in Miocene about 65438+ 1 100 million years ago, widely lived in shallow waters near the continental shelf, and was occasionally found in fresh water. Mainly feed on fish and mollusks.

Second, Antarctic plants

1. Bryophytes belong to lower higher plants. Plants have no flowers and seeds and reproduce with spores.

2. Lichen: Is lichen a fungus? [ 1]? In photosynthetic organisms (green algae or cyanobacteria), fungi are the main members, and their morphology and offspring reproduction depend on fungi. In other words, lichen is a specialized fungus. Traditionally, lichen is regarded as a special lower plant produced by fungi and algae.

Extended data:

Antarctica, in English: Antarctic, in French: Antarctique, known as the seventh continent, is the last continent to be discovered and the only one that has no people to settle down.

The Antarctic continent has a total area of 6,543.8+0.39 million square kilometers, equivalent to the total area of China and India-Pakistan subcontinent, ranking fifth among all continents in the world. The entire Antarctic continent is covered by a huge ice sheet, with an average elevation of 2350 meters, making it the highest continent in the world. There are more than 220 minerals in Antarctica.

Antarctica is divided into East Antarctica and West Antarctica. East Antarctica extends from 30 west longitude to170 east longitude, including cortese Land, Maud Land, Enderby Land, Wilkes Land, George V Coast, Victoria Land, Antarctic Plateau and Pole.

Area10180,000 square kilometers. West Antarctica lies between 50- 160 west longitude, including Antarctic Peninsula, Alexandria, Ellsworth Land and Bird Land (Mary Bird Land), covering an area of 2.29 million square kilometers. Antarctica has only some scientific investigators and whaling teams from other continents.

References:

Antarctic Baidu encyclopedia