Is Ottoman Turkey the same as China and Qing Dynasty Russia? Why did Osman Russia collapse?

Of course not, but the Marxist-Leninist historical materialism instilled in China school can easily make people subconsciously classify things ~ not like this or wrong, but this method is only a method, not all. What he saw was only part of the thing. Of course, classification is another question ~

Most directly, the most important reason why a country does not disintegrate in the process of decline is the degree of recognition of its components and the degree of coordination of interests. Generally speaking, it is the degree of regional identity (identity with the central government), and the most direct indicator is the length of rule. Long-term recognition is high and short-term recognition is low (not absolute, but general).

To put it bluntly, these three countries are:

You can inquire about the establishment process of Osman separately. This is a country founded on new conquest and territory. In fact, only Turkey has a strong sense of identity with Osman. Once the centralization declines, other regions will leave one after another, and only Turkey thinks it is the inheritance of Ottoman ~

The same is true of Russia. Russia can be traced back to the Kiev Grand Duchy in name, but it was actually established on the basis of the Moscow Grand Duchy after the demise of the Mongolian regime. It's very close. The prototype of the whole Russia was formed in the king, but the dynasty was destroyed only in 1907. This shows its proximity. The newly conquered border areas have a poor sense of identity, and they are brewing independence at the slightest sign of trouble ~

In the same way, isn't China the same? For example, when outer Mongolia was lost, a lot of frontiers were also lost. These areas have a weak sense of identity and a strong desire for independence under the stormy situation. But fortunately, the main part has been preserved, and the main part of our country has a strong sense of identity ~

In fact, it is also the case now. Xinjiang and Tibet are the main separatist regions in China (Taiwan Province Province is not the same thing). These two regions have not joined the main part of China for hundreds of years, which shows that the role of identity is extremely powerful ~

Of course, the central government's control is also directly related, but these three countries are in a turbulent era and the central control ability is low, which can only be regarded as unlimited ~