How did black people come to America and what was their situation?

Most of them were sold to America as slaves. /kloc-from the middle of the 5th century to the end of the 9th century, western colonial countries kidnapped a large number of blacks from black Africa and sold them to America and other places in order to provide labor for American colonial plantations and mines. This is the bloody African slave trade. Because the slave trade is mainly carried out on the east and west sides of the Atlantic Ocean, western countries are generally called "Atlantic slave trade". The slave trade lasted for four centuries, resulting in the death of hundreds of millions of Africans and having a very serious impact on Africa's political, economic and cultural development. This is the darkest period in African history. The slave trade brought huge profits to the capitalists in western Europe and became an important source of primitive accumulation of capital.

In African history, the slave trade appeared very early. There are records of slaves from the Horn of Africa (today's Somalia) in the book Journey to the Red Sea in 1 century. At the end of the 7th century, after Arabs entered North Africa, they also sold the captured blacks to Arab countries, Persia, India and Indonesia. In Europe, in the14th century, the Spanish sold slaves brought from North Africa, and then the Portuguese also started this trade.

Before being sold to America, the plundered slaves went through three stages: from inland to coastal concentrated areas; Concentrate on accepting the choice of slave traders; Transshipment on slave ship. Generally, it is a long distance for slaves to be sent from the mainland to coastal concentrated areas. In order to prevent slaves from escaping, slave traders put heavy chains on slaves, and sometimes chains tied them together. Some slave traders also let slaves carry goods weighing dozens of kilograms, such as ivory, hides, sorghum, honey, etc., and even let them carry a big stone or a bag of sand when they can't find suitable products. The final stage is to load slave ship. From the Niger Delta to the West Indies, it takes seven or eight weeks when the wind is good. The slaves were crowded in the sultry cabin, and the sanitary conditions were poor. Various infectious diseases spread widely. Once they were found to be sick, they were immediately thrown into the sea, causing many deaths.