What were the four major projects in ancient China?

The four ancient projects refer to the Great Wall, Dujiangyan, Lingqu and Grand Canal.

Great wall 1

The Great Wall is a miracle created by working people in ancient China. Since Qin Shihuang, building the Great Wall has been a big project. According to records, Qin Shihuang used nearly one million laborers to build the Great Wall, accounting for 1/20 of the national population!

At that time, there was no machinery, and all labor depended on manpower. The working environment was steep mountains and deep cliffs. It is conceivable that this huge project could not be completed without a large number of people working hard.

2. Dujiangyan

Dujiangyan is located in the west of Dujiangyan City, Sichuan Province, on the Minjiang River in the west of Chengdu Plain. Dujiangyan water conservancy project, which was built in 256 BC, is the oldest and only grand water conservancy project in the world. Its characteristic is that no dam is built to divert water.

It is a national key cultural relics protection unit. Dujiangyan has beautiful scenery and many cultural relics, including Fulongguan, Erwang Temple, Anlan Suoqiao, Yuleiguan, Lidui Park, Yuleishan Park and Lingyan Temple.

3. Lingqu

Lingqu is also called Gui Xiang Canal and Xing 'an Canal. In xing an, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

Lingqu is a national key cultural relics protection unit, located in Xing 'an, 60 kilometers northeast of Guilin. It is the most complete ancient water conservancy project in the world, with the same name as Dujiangyan in Sichuan and Zheng Guoqu in Shaanxi, and is also known as the "Three Major Water Conservancy Projects in Qin". Mr. Guo Moruo called it: "Responding to the North and South of the Great Wall is a wonder of the world."

4. Grand Canal

The world-famous Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is the earliest and longest artificial river in the world.

The Grand Canal starts from Beijing in the north and ends in Hangzhou in the south. It flows through six provinces and cities of Beijing, Hebei, Tian Jian, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and connects five major water systems, namely Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River and Qiantang River, with a total length of 1.794 km. In the history of the development of the Chinese nation, it has made great contributions to the development of North-South traffic and the communication of economic and cultural ties between North and South.

Extended data

1, the influence of the Great Wall:

From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many passes along the Great Wall became places or centers for ethnic transactions in the two major economic and cultural systems of agriculture and animal husbandry, and some gradually developed into important towns along the Great Wall. The Great Wall not only ensures the normal development of agricultural economy, culture and animal husbandry economy and culture, but also provides a place and convenience for their exchange and complementarity.

It also plays an important role in mediating the two economies and making the agriculture and animal husbandry economy develop in the direction of mutual assistance. Therefore, the Great Wall not only plays the role of isolating the two economies and cultures, but also shoulders the heavy responsibility of closely linking the two economies and cultures. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were nearly ten million soldiers and civilians.

While building the Great Wall, Qin Shihuang began to strengthen the development and construction of border areas, which opened the prelude to stationing farmland to defend the border and developing the border areas. Because it took a long time to build the Great Wall in the Han Dynasty, many people put forward suggestions on immigration, which were adopted and implemented by the Han government.

Immigrants and soldiers guarding the Great Wall cultivated wasteland together, which not only accelerated the economic development of the border region, saved a lot of government military expenditure, but also greatly reduced the pain of long-distance transportation and made Chinese culture spread farther and wider.

2. The historical significance of Dujiangyan:

The establishment of Dujiangyan ushered in a new era in the history of ancient water conservancy in China.

The establishment of Dujiangyan is based on the premise of not destroying natural resources and making full use of natural resources to serve mankind, turning harm into benefit, and making people, land and water highly coordinated and unified. It is the only great "ecological project" in the world so far. It initiated a new era in the history of ancient water conservancy in China, marked a new stage in the history of water conservancy in China and wrote a glorious chapter in the history of water conservancy in the world.

Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project is the crystallization of ancient people's wisdom in China, an epoch-making masterpiece of China culture and the only miracle of ancient water conservancy projects.

Irrigation systems in ancient Egypt and Babylon, Lingqu in Zheng Guoqu, China, and Guangxi in Shaanxi, China, which were built almost at the same time, were lost or failed due to the change of the ocean and the passage of time. Only Dujiangyan is unique and has a long history of construction, which still nourishes the fertile soil of the land of abundance.

3. The historical significance of Lingqu:

The excavation of Lingqu communicated Xiangjiang River and Lijiang River, and opened up the north-south water channel, which provided an important guarantee for the Qin Dynasty to unify Lingnan. A large number of grain and grass are transported to Lingnan by water, and the material supply is sufficient. In 2 14 BC, Lingqu was opened to navigation, and Qin Jun conquered Lingnan, and then three counties of Guilin, Xiang Jun and Nanhai were established, and Lingnan was formally incorporated into the territory of the Qin Dynasty.

Lingqu connects the Yangtze River and the Pearl River, forming a water transport network all over East China and South China. Since the Qin dynasty, it has played a positive role in consolidating national unity, strengthening political, economic and cultural exchanges between the north and the south, and strengthening exchanges between people of all ethnic groups. Although it has been repaired for generations, Lingqu still plays an important role.

4. The historical significance of the Grand Canal:

As an important waterway in China, the Grand Canal lasted for more than 1200 years. After the mid-Qing Dynasty, the canals in northeast Shandong were silted up. In the fifth year of Daoguang (1825), the grain and rice in the south of the Yangtze River were transported to Tianjin by sea and then to Beijing. 19 1 1 year, the Jin-Pu Railway was opened to traffic, and the Grand Canal was gradually abandoned. By 1949, the river sections and the middle canal in Shandong Province were no longer navigable. The water level of the Li Canal is unstable, and it often breaks its banks and causes disasters.

1949, the Li Canal was comprehensively improved, locks and sluices were built, and new rivers were opened to separate rivers from lakes. The south section of Liyun River opened a new waterway from Wapu to Liuwei Port, which shortened the voyage with Jiangnan Canal. The canal has also been expanded and rebuilt. In order to facilitate the transportation of Xuzhou coal to the south, a new waterway was built on the west side of Weishan Lake.

Jiangnan Canal first entered the river from Zhenjiang City. Because the river is narrow and shallow, it was changed from Jianbikou to Jiangkou, where a large ship lock was built to control the water level. As the traffic artery between the north and the south, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal has played a great role in making money for half a day and knowing that this is the way to go. The navigation of the canal has promoted the rapid development of coastal cities.

Baidu encyclopedia-grand canal

Baidu encyclopedia-Lingqu

Baidu encyclopedia-Dujiangyan

Baidu encyclopedia-great wall