Knowledge points commonly tested in senior high school history college entrance examination

A round of college entrance examination review has begun, and history is one of the compulsory subjects for liberal arts students. As one of the comprehensive documents, what knowledge do we have to consolidate? The following are the knowledge points I have compiled for the high school history college entrance examination. Welcome to read and learn from them. I hope it helps you!

Essential knowledge of high school history college entrance examination

I. enfeoffment system

Objective: To consolidate state power.

Contents: ① The objects of enfeoffment-royal family, heroes, and former nobles; (2) the obligation of the enfeoffment-obey Zhou Wang's orders, guard the territory, follow the battle, pay tribute and make pilgrimage. (3) the rights of the landowners-hereditary posts, setting up officials, establishing armed forces and collecting taxes.

Function: ① Strengthen the local jurisdiction of the Zhou Emperor. (2) expanding the ruling area and developing remote areas; (3) forming the overall political pattern of the Zhou royal family holding the moon; ④ Zhou became a powerful country that lasted for hundreds of years. However, the vassal States had considerable independence, which buried the hidden danger of separatism.

Second, the patriarchal clan system

Definition: Patriarchal clan system is a social system that maintains political hierarchy and consolidates rule according to the distance of paternal blood relationship.

Features: eldest son inheritance system

The relationship between patriarchal clan system and enfeoffment system: enfeoffment system and patriarchal clan system are two pillars of the political system in the Western Zhou Dynasty, both external and internal.

Influence: Patriarchal clan system ensures the monopoly and privileged position of nobles in politics, and is also conducive to the stability and unity within the ruling group.

The characteristics of China's early political system: patriarchal clan system as the core, with a strong tribal color.

Third, the unification of Qin:

In 22 1 year BC, the Qin Dynasty destroyed six countries, and Ying Zheng, the king of Qin Dynasty, established the first unified centralized feudal autocratic country in the history of China-the Qin Dynasty.

Fourth, the formation of the centralized political system of the Qin Dynasty's absolutism.

Contents: ① Establish the title of "Emperor" and establish the emperor system. The political, economic and military power of the whole country is in the hands of the emperor, and the main officials from the central government to the local government are appointed and removed by the emperor.

(2) Set up a central official system with three officials and nine officials: prime minister-assisting the emperor to handle national political affairs; An ancient scholar-supervisory official; Qiu-in charge of national military affairs.

(3) The local county system is implemented: the county magistrate is a county magistrate, and the county magistrate is called a county magistrate or a county magistrate, all of which are directly appointed and removed by the emperor.

Influence: It consolidated national unity, promoted social stability and economic and cultural development, laid the basic pattern of China's political system for more than 2,000 years, and played an important role in the formation of the Chinese nation.

Negative effects: Strengthening the oppression of the people will easily lead to tyranny and intensify class contradictions.

V. Measures to consolidate and unify the Qin Dynasty:

(1) Promulgate the Qin Law and unify the laws; Unified currency and weights and measures; (3) unified writing; (4) building equator and lingqu; ⑤ Building the Great Wall of Wan Li; Organize immigration.

The reason for the demise of the Qin Dynasty was the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty.

Sixth, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty strengthened centralization.

BACKGROUND: In the early Han Dynasty, the county and country were in parallel, and the kingdom problem appeared.

Measures: Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty put down the "Seven-country Rebellion"; Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty issued a promotion decree.

Function: solved the problem of kingdom, strengthened centralization, and consolidated and developed the situation of great unity.

From the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties, there was a separatist situation in the buffer regions.

Key points of high school history college entrance examination knowledge

I. Opening of new routes (routes, impacts)

(1)1405-1433 China Zheng He made seven voyages to the Western Ocean, sailing along the coast of the Red Sea and the east coast of Africa.

(2) 1487- 1488 Portuguese Diaz, Cape of Good Hope.

(3) 1492 Columbus discovered the new American continent with the support of Spain.

(4) 1497- 1498 Portugal da gama from Europe to India.

(5)1519-1522 Portuguese Magellan sailed around the world for the first time with the support of Spain.

Second, the Dutch and British colonial activities

(1) Dutch colonial expansion;

① Time: 65438+the first half of the 7th century, replacing Spain and Portugal to become the world's largest trading country.

② Means: set up a large commercial company.

(2) the British colonial activities (empire):

Means: pirate plunder, commercial warfare, commercial activities, colonial plunder; Slave trade

② Results:/kloc-0 became the largest colonial empire in the second half of the 8th century.

(3) Impact: Commercial activities and plunder have become important sources of primitive accumulation of capital; The slave trade promoted the development of British capitalism, brought great wealth to Britain and promoted the development of British industry and commerce.

Third, colonial expansion and plunder are the main ways for capitalist powers to establish the world market.

(1) Through trade and plunder, goods from all continents are continuously imported into Europe. Europe's trade routes and trade centers have shifted from the Mediterranean coast to the Atlantic coast.

(2) In the colonial activities of "using with fire and sword" in Europe, the mining of gold and silver mines in America and the gardening economy made important contributions to primitive accumulation of capital in Europe.

(3) Africa became a place for hunting black slaves, and the transatlantic slave trade began.

(4) Europeans used American gold and silver to buy Asian goods, which stimulated the development of Asian economy.

(5) The world has gradually formed a world economy centered on Europe.

Key points of high school history college entrance examination knowledge

I. Basic historical facts of the first and second industrial revolutions

(1) Basic historical facts of the first industrial revolution

① Cotton textile industry: shuttle, Jenny spinning machine, hydraulic loom, hydraulic loom.

(2) Metallurgical industry: coking coal ironmaking method; Mining industry: steam pump, safety lamp.

3 power: steam engine; Transportation: gravel road, railway, steam turbine.

④ Influence: Humans entered the "age of steam".

(2) the basic historical facts of the second industrial revolution

① Signs: the widespread application of electric power, internal combustion engine technology, chemical materials and steelmaking technology.

2 premise: the capitalist system is established in the world.

③ Conditions: rapid development of capitalist economy; Major breakthroughs have been made in natural science research.

④ Transportation: internal combustion engines, automobiles and airplanes.

⑤ Chemical field: organic fertilizer, synthetic dyes, synthetic rubber and coatings.

⑥ Electricity: the invention and use of electricity.

⑦ Influence: Make mankind enter the electrical age.

Second, the influence of the two industrial revolutions on the development of the capitalist world market.

(1) has begun to take shape:15,65438+the opening of new air routes in the 6th century.

(2) Initial formation: 18 and1the first industrial revolution in the middle of the 9th century.

(3) The final formation: the second industrial revolution from the end of 65438 to the beginning of the 20th century.

(4) Ways: the development of international trade, the circulation of population and capital, and intimidation.

(5) Impact:?

(1) Promote the development of capitalism itself;

② 19 At the end of the 20th century, most Asian countries became colonies or semi-colonies of European and American powers, the territory of the African continent was basically divided up, and Latin America was subject to economic powers.

(3) European and American industrial countries obtain raw materials and primary products from all over the world and dump industrial products or investments. The currency is freely convertible, and the economic crisis has affected other countries and even the world. Finally, a unified world market dominated by European and American industrial countries was formed.

Third, the changes in China's economic structure after the Opium War.

(1) The traditional natural economy began to collapse, and farmers and craftsmen went bankrupt;

(2) China has gradually become the commodity market and raw material producing area of the great powers;

(3) objectively promoting the development of urban and rural commodity economy;

(4) The establishment of modern military and civilian enterprises and the emergence of modern industry in the Westernization Movement.

"Self-improvement": the first government-run military enterprise, Anqing Inner Ordnance Institute, was established, and the largest modern military enterprise, Jiangnan Manufacturing General Administration, was established;

"Seeking wealth": establishing China Merchants, Kaiping Coal Mine and Hanyang Iron Works.

High school history college entrance examination often takes knowledge articles;

★ High school history and economic life often test knowledge points.

★ Key knowledge points of college entrance examination history

★ Summary of the necessary knowledge points in high school history exam

★ Summary of 30 important high-frequency test sites in high school history, the most error-prone knowledge points in high school history.

★ Finishing of high school history knowledge test sites

★ 42 high-frequency test sites in high school history

★ Summary of 30 important high-frequency test sites and the most comprehensive error-prone knowledge points in high school history (2)

★ Interpretation of compulsory terms in high school history and summary and analysis of answering skills in college entrance examination history.

★ Summary of knowledge points needed for the historical industrial revolution in Senior One.

★ Senior high school history preparation strategy

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