The common sense of Chinese ancient culture in college entrance examination is related to history.

1. The accumulation of important ancient cultural common sense in the history of college entrance examination, such as Yin-Yang, Five Elements, heavenly stems and earthly branches, etc.

This belongs to the traditional culture of the Chinese nation, and belongs to the astronomical calendar, because the memorial method of the branches and branches was used in ancient times, of course, it is still in use now, and the zodiac is corresponding to the twelve branches.

(Unfortunately, many villains in modern times use it to tell fortune to deceive ordinary people) The Five Elements is a material view in ancient China. Mostly used in philosophy, traditional Chinese medicine and divination.

the five elements refer to gold, wood, water, fire and earth. It is believed that nature consists of five elements, and with the rise and fall of these five elements, nature changes, which not only affects people's fate, but also makes everything in the universe circulate endlessly.

the theory of five elements holds that everything in the universe is composed of the movement and change of five basic substances: wood, fire, earth, gold and water. It emphasizes the whole concept and describes the structural relationship and movement form of things.

if yin and yang is an ancient theory of unity of opposites, the five elements can be said to be a primitive general system theory. What are the five elements recorded in China's ancient philosophy? The five elements are the basic elements of all things in the universe. They are gold, wood, water, fire and earth, and there is a relationship between them.

The five elements coexist: golden water, aquatic wood, wood fire, fire earth and native gold. The five elements are mutually compatible: Jin Kemu, Muketu, Tuke Water, Water, Fire and Fire, and Gold.

the properties of the five elements-wood, fire, earth, gold and water-are in the following order: wood is gorgeous and has elegant personality. Wood represents benevolence, which means loving and doing good.

fire-impatience and self-esteem. The representative ceremony of fire is to be humble and cautious, to respect and not to bully.

earth-gentle and honest, but confident. A letter of earthiness means honesty, tenderness and sincerity.

Jin-has a strong personality and self-esteem. Gold represents righteousness, that is, worshiping good and abandoning evil, and everything is reasonable.

water-people are smart and can guess things. Water-based represents wisdom, that is, observing things in detail, predicting precursors for anything, and being good at managing tactics.

it can also be said that it is the five permanent members of benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith. The five elements of traditional Chinese medicine are in harmony with each other, showing the five internal organs: the wood is the liver; Fire is the heart; The soil is spleen; Gold is the lung; Water is the kidney.

five colors: wood represents cyan; Fire represents red; Earth represents yellow; Gold stands for white; Water represents black. The five elements are mutually generated, mutually generated, mutually generated, mutually collided, mutually generated, and mutually generated. The five elements are' mutually generated' and' mutually generated'.

' Five elements coexist' means mutual prosperity, which means generation and education, and' Five elements coexist' means mutual refutation, mutual fighting and checks and balances. According to the magnetic field of the universe, it was originally a vast sea (water). Plants (wood) were born in the sea, and then land (soil) was slowly formed by the irradiation of the sun (fire). Iron minerals (gold) were discovered from the land, and then iron was refined from iron ore to make pots for water.

This is the natural circulation state of aquatic wood → wood fire → fire soil → native gold → gold water. Trees (wood) must be planted on the bare land, and the soil will not be lost when heavy rain comes. When heavy rain will cause floods, it is necessary to build a wall with soil to defend the home (water). In ancient times, a large water tank should be placed at the door of the home to prepare water in case of fire when it rains. In order to defend the home and cook a fire at home, it is necessary to have knives, guns and axes, so it is necessary to extract stubborn iron (gold).

After the creation of everything between heaven and earth, there should be checks and balances, although there are mutual influences. For example, water will make trees grow and soil will be lost, while wood will destroy soil according to the principle of "wood can destroy soil", which is the natural circulation state. Heavenly stems and earthly branches, referred to as "dry branch".

In the ancient calendar of China, A, B, C, D, E, Ji, G, Xin, Ren and Gui were called "Ten Days Dry", while Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu and Hai were called "Twelve Places". Ten branches and twelve branches are matched in turn to form sixty basic units, and they cooperate with each other in a fixed order to form the discipline of branches and branches.

According to the Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed in Yin Ruins, heavenly stems and earthly branches was mainly used to record the sun in ancient China, and it was also used to record the moon, the year and the time. Heavenly stems and earthly branches Tiā n 'g ā nd? zh? heavenly stems and earthly branches was born in the Han Dynasty. It takes beginning of spring as the beginning of the year instead of the first day of the first lunar month.

heavenly stems and earthly branches heavenly stems and earthly branches is short for "main branch". According to "Etymology", "trunk" takes its meaning from the "trunk" of trees.

Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae: A (ji ǐ), B (yǐ), C (bǐng), D (d Ρ ng), E (w ǐ), J (jǐ), G (gēng), Xin (x Ρ n), Ren. Twelve earthly branches: Zi (zǐ), Chou (chǒu), Yin (yín), Mao (m ǐ o), Chen (chén), Si (s), Wu (wǔ), Wei (wèi) and Shen (shēn). Ugly: cattle; Yin: Tiger; 锛: Rabbit; Chen: dragon; 舵: snake; Afternoon: horse; Not: sheep; Shen: Monkey; Hey: chicken; Hey: dog; H: Pig. ）。

As early as 2697 BC, shēn Huangdi, the ancestor of China, founded the People's Republic of China, he ordered Da Nao to explore the Qi of heaven and earth and explore the five elements (fire, water and earth in Jin Mu), which originated from the ten heavenly stems of A, B, C, D, E, Ji, G, Xin, Ren and Gui, as well as Zi (zǐ) and Ugly (chǒu). According to the records in the Five Elements of Justice, the main branches and branches were created by great efforts.

"Da nao" adopts the five elements of emotion, which accounts for the construction of the bucket machine. First, Party A and Party B name the day, which means doing it, and making a fool of themselves, which means the branch. If something happens in the sky, the day will be used, and if something happens in the ground, the month will be used.

Because of the difference between Yin and Yang, there are branches with names. " Heavenly stems and earthly branches: In our calendar, the time for the moon to orbit the earth once (29.536 days) is one month, and the time for the earth to orbit the sun once (365.2419 days) is one year. In order to make the average number of days in a year coincide with the number of days in the tropical year, leap months are set.

According to records, in the 6th century BC, China began to coordinate the lunar calendar with the solar calendar by the method of the seventh leap month in the 19th year. Heavenly stems and earthly branches is a symbol designed by the ancients to facilitate the 6-decimal system when they built calendars.

For China people in ancient times, the existence of heavenly stems and earthly branches was as simple as a number.

2. Is there any connection between Chinese and history?

There is definitely a connection. It is reasonable to say that literature and history are not separated. If we say that the closest connection is the common sense of reading ancient culture in classical Chinese.

There are often four options in the common sense of ancient culture for you to distinguish which is wrong. For example, chestnuts: We will learn from Bo Ya and Guan Zhong in history. If you know them well enough, you will see at a glance that the title of "Brother Rank: Uncle Zhong Ji" is right when you do the common sense problem of culture. Let me give you another example that impressed me: I like reading "Those Things in the Ming Dynasty" written by Mingyue that year, and I watch a passage every day. After the book was rolled up, my classmates all said that the classical Chinese was so difficult that I couldn't understand anything. Just because I read this book, reading this classical Chinese is like reading the vernacular.

Before the college entrance examination in 218, I visited Jia Yi's former residence to relax. As a result, I got the classical Chinese about Jia Yi in this year's college entrance examination. Because I learned a lot about my life, articles and so on when I visited my former residence, I ... Hee hee is more related to your composition, and I have learned more about history. You will feel that your realm is very different, and often you will open up many other perspectives after reading the materials given in your composition. In history, Emperor Taizong said, "Taking history as a mirror, we can know the rise and fall." In the Chinese book On the Qin Dynasty, he said, "Future generations mourn for it without learning from it, and it also makes future generations mourn for it." These two arguments can be combined into your Chinese argumentative essay.

For another example, nowadays, it is often task-driven composition, and the materials will generally give xxx happened now. Some people say xxxx, while others think xxxx. What kind of thinking has this caused you? Please write a composition on this.

You can use the thoughts of historical figures in ancient China, such as the doctrine of the mean of Confucian Laozi (The Analects of Confucius), as the title of your composition. Everyone else writes that xxx is right /xxx is wrong, and you write "the doctrine of the mean" all of a sudden. In addition, after you know a lot of historical figures, they all become the material of your composition. When you are demonstrating your composition argument, you can often cite the deeds of historical figures to add luster to your argument, which not only shows your cultural accomplishment, but also perfects your logic to make it rigorous.

I hope my own experience and suggestions will help you.

3. How to test the common sense of ancient culture in college entrance examination Chinese

Summary of common sense of ancient culture in college entrance examination Chinese, I hope it can help everyone!

first, people's appellation

There are roughly three situations in which people call their names directly: (1) claiming their names or first names. For example, "Within five steps, please get the king to spill blood on his neck" and "Luling Wen Tianxiang prefaces his poems". (2) Used for introduction or biography. For example, "Sui and Lu Su are both interested in Sun Quan", "Liu Jingting is a Taizhou person". (3) people who are disgusted and despised. For example, "Unfortunately, Lu Shimeng is guilty of evil in the former, while Jia Qing Yu is flattering in the latter".

The ancient people named the word "Chengzi" when they were young, and they took it when they were adults (2 years old for men and 15 years old for women). There is a meaningful connection between the word and the name. Chinese characters are for the convenience of others, and they are courtesy and respect for peers or elders. For example, Qu Ping was named Qu Yuan, Sima Qian was named Sima Zichang, Tao Yuanming was named Tao Yuanliang, Li Bai was named Li Taibai, Du Fu was named Du Zimei, Han Yu was named Han Tuizhi, Liu Zongyuan was named Liu Zihou, Ouyang Xiu was named Ouyang Yongshu, and Sima Guang was named as < P >, also called alias and table number. The fundamental difference between a name, a word and a number is that the former is determined by the father or the elder, while the latter is determined by himself. Number, generally only used to claim to show some interest or express some emotion; The title of person is also a kind of honorific title. For example, Tao Qian No.5

called posthumous title ancient princes, senior officials, famous scribes and other titles added after their death as posthumous title. For example, Tao Yuanming is called Jing Jie Zheng Shi, Ouyang Xiu is Ouyang Wenzhong Gong, Wang Anshi is Wang Wengong, Fan Zhongyan is Fan Wenzheng Gong, Wang Ao is Zhong Wang Su Gong, Zuo Guangdou is Zuo Zhongyi Gong, Shi Kefa is Shi Zhonglie Gong, and Lin Zexu is Lin Wenzhong Gong. It is a kind of "evil death" to call Qin Gui a traitor.

the name of fasting refers to the name of fasting or room number. For example, Yang Wanli, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, called the Zhai Cheng Zhai, and people called it Yang Cheng Zhai. Yao Nai was called Mr Yao Xi Bao and Mr Xi Bao because his name was Xi Bao Xuan. Another example is that Pu Songling is called Mr. Liaozhai, Liang Qichao is the owner of the ice room, and Tan Sitong is Tan Zhuangfei (whose Zhai name is Zhuangfei Building).

It is called Meng Xiangyang because Meng Haoran, a poet in Tang Dynasty, was born in Xiangyang. Zhang Jiuling is from Qujiang, so he is called Zhang Qujiang. Liu Zongyuan is a native of Hedong (now Yongji, Shanxi), so he is called Liu Hedong; Wang Anshi was born in Linchuan, Jiangxi Province in the Northern Song Dynasty, so people called him King Linchuan. Tang Xianzu, a dramatist in Ming Dynasty, was called Tang Linchuan (a native of Linchuan, Jiangxi). Gu Yanwu, a beginner in Qing Dynasty, is a native of Tinglin Town, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, and is known as Gu Tinglin. Kang Youwei is a native of Nanhai, Guangdong Province, known as Kang Nanhai; Yuan Shikai, the leader of Beiyang Warlords, was called Yuan Xiangcheng (a native of Xiangcheng, Henan). At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there was a famous couplet full of ridicule: "The prime minister Hefei is thin in the world, and the farmer Changshu is barren in the world." The first couplet "Hefei" refers to Li Hongzhang (a native of Hefei, Anhui), and the second couplet "Changshu" refers to Weng Tongxie who was born in Changshu, Jiangsu.

Although Han Yu, a county magistrate, was born in Heyang, Hanoi (now Meng County, Henan Province), Han Yu often called himself "Changli Han Yu" because the Han family in Changli (now Yixian County, Liaoning Province) was a noble family in the Tang Dynasty, so the world called him Han Changli. Another example is that Su Shi was originally from Meizhou, Sichuan, but he sometimes called himself "Su Shi of Zhao County" and "Su Zhao County" because Su Shi was a noble family of Zhao County.

The official name is "Sun Qiulu is smart and benevolent", and "Sun Qiulu" is Sun Quan, so it is called because he was once awarded the position of general Qiulu. In Meihualing, there are some sentences, such as "Running from the North" and "Yan Taishi's understanding with soldiers, Wen Shaobao's understanding with great light". Running is Hong Chengchou's official position, Taishi is the provincial name of Yan Zhenqing's official position, and Shaobao is Wen Tianxiang's official position. "Book with Wife": "Sima Chun shirt, I can't learn too much." "Sima" refers to Bai Juyi, who was once a Sima in Jiangzhou. It was quite common to use official names as titles of people in ancient times, such as calling Jia Yi Jia Taifu; Ruan Ji, one of the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest", was once a captain of infantry, and was known as Ruan Infantry in the world. Ji Kang once worshipped Zhongsan doctor, who was known as Zhongsan in the world. Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was a general of the right army, and people still call him Wang Youjun. Wang Wei used to be Shangshu Youcheng, who was known as Wang Youcheng. Du Fu was known as the left gleaner, and he was also known as Du Gongbu because he was a foreign minister of the Ministry of Calibration. Liu Yuxi used to be a guest of the prince and was called Liu Guest. Liu Yong used to be a foreign minister of wasteland, known as Liu wasteland; Su Shi was once a bachelor of Hanlin in Duanming Hall, and was called Su Xueshi.

The title of "Training frugally to show health" is "The Duke of Kolai was extravagant in recent times", and the title of Kou Zhun is Duke of Laiguo, and Duke of Laigong is a provincial title. In Meihualing Ji, the title of "the place where people are married to each other

refers to the name of the place where they serve as officials. Such as "Battle of Red Cliffs": "What does Yuzhou want now?" Because Liu Bei used to be the secretariat of Yuzhou, he called it official land. Another example is Jia Yi, who was once demoted as a teacher of Changsha Wang, and was known as Jia Changsha in the world; Kong Rong, one of the "seven sons of Jian 'an", used to be Beihai Xiang, known as Kong Beihai in the world; Tao Yuanming used to be the county magistrate of Pengze, who was called Tao Pengze in the world. Luo Binwang was once a county magistrate in Linhai, and was known as Luo Linhai in the world. Cen Can used to be the secretariat of history, known as Cen Jiazhou; Wei Yingwu was once the secretariat of Suzhou, known as Wei Suzhou; Liu Zongyuan used to be the secretariat of Liuzhou, known as Liu Liuzhou in the world; Jia Dao used to be the main book of Changjiang County, known as Jia Changjiang in the world, and his poetry collection is called Changjiang Collection.

For those who are also known as "Four People" in A Journey to Baochan Mountain, Luling

Modesty (1) indicates a humble attitude and is used to call himself. Fool, humbly call yourself not smart. Despicable, modest claim to be shallow in knowledge. We, humbly call ourselves or our own things bad. Humble, call yourself humble. Stealing means privately, privately, and using it often has the meaning of being bold and abrupt. I humbly claim that I am not as high as the other party. Servant, humbly calling himself the servant of the other party, uses it with the meaning of serving the other party.

4. Ask for a composition of ancient cultural knowledge in 8 words

Huxiang culture refers to a historical and cultural form with distinctive characteristics, relative stability and inheritance.

Hunan culture in the pre-Qin and Han dynasties should be incorporated into another historical and cultural form-Chu culture. Qu Yuan's poetic art and Mawangdui's historical relics are all fresh.