When did the Three Gorges Project begin to be built?

From 65438 to 0992, Qiao Shi, Chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), inspected the dam site of the Three Gorges Dam, which was approved by the National People's Congress of China.

1994 the State Council's prime minister, Li Peng, announced at the groundbreaking ceremony of the Three Gorges Project held in Sandouping, Yichang that the Three Gorges Project was officially started. In 2003, the second phase of the Three Gorges resettlement project passed the national acceptance.

This indicates that the resettlement work of the Three Gorges Project has achieved significant phased results. Resettlement and bottom cleaning under the water level line of1.35m in the Three Gorges reservoir area have been completed in an all-round way, meeting the requirements of water storage of the Three Gorges Project on schedule, and all of them will be completed in 2009.

The Three Gorges Hydropower Station is the largest hydropower station in the world and the largest construction project in China. However, many problems caused by it, such as the relocation of immigrants, the environment and so on, have been accompanied by great controversy since the moment it began to build.

Extended data:

I. Construction Scale

The Three Gorges Dam is a concrete gravity dam with a length of 2,335 meters, a bottom width of 1 15 meters, a top width of 40 meters, an elevation of 185 meters and a normal water level of 175 meters. The dam body can resist the once-in-a-million-year flood, and the maximum flow can reach 65438+ million cubic meters per second.

The earthwork excavation and filling volume of the whole project is about 6.5438+34 million cubic meters, the concrete pouring volume is about 28 million cubic meters, and the steel consumption is 593,000 tons. The total length of the reservoir is more than 600 kilometers, the average width of the water surface is 1. 1 km, the total area is 1.084 km2, and the total storage capacity is 39.3 billion cubic meters, of which the flood control storage capacity is 2.21.50 billion cubic meters, and the regulation capacity is seasonal.

The Three Gorges Hydropower Station is arranged behind the dam, and 32 700,000 kW hydro-generator sets are installed, including 4 on the left bank 14, 2 on the right bank 12 and 6 underground. In addition, there are two 50,000-kilowatt power supply units with a total installed capacity of 22.5 million kilowatts, far exceeding the Itaipu Hydropower Station in Brazil, which ranks second in the world.

The preliminary planning of the Three Gorges Power Station is 26 units with 700,000 kilowatts, that is, the installed capacity is 65.438+08.2 million kilowatts, and the annual power generation is 84.7 billion kWh. Later, an underground power station was built at Baishijian Mountain, the right bank dam, and six 700,000-kilowatt hydro-generators were built. Together with the two 50,000-kilowatt power stations owned by the Three Gorges Power Station, the total installed capacity has reached 22.5 million kilowatts.

On June 5438+0, China Three Gorges Corporation announced that by 24: 00, 20 14, 3 1 day, the annual power generation of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station had reached 98.8 billion kWh, setting a new record for the annual power generation of a single hydropower station in the world, making it the highest hydropower station in the world for the first time.

The Three Gorges Power Station generates 98.8 billion kWh of electricity in the whole year, which is equivalent to reducing raw coal consumption by more than 49 million tons and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by nearly 1 100 million tons.

If the contribution per kilowatt-hour to GDP is 10 yuan, the clean electricity generated by the Three Gorges Power Station is equivalent to creating nearly one trillion yuan of wealth for the country. This has also injected a strong impetus into the country's "steady growth, structural adjustment and benefiting people's livelihood".

Second, the main functions

1, flood control

Historically, floods often occurred in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and its tributaries. Every time there is a big flood, the Jingzhou section of the Yangtze River (Jingjiang River) below Yichang should take flood diversion measures to flood the countryside and farmland to ensure the safety of Wuhan.

After the completion of the Three Gorges Project, the storage capacity provided by its huge storage capacity will enable the downstream Jingjiang area to resist the once-in-a-century flood, and also contribute to the governance of Dongting Lake and the comprehensive restoration of Jingjiang levee.

Step 2 generate electricity

The economic benefits of the Three Gorges Project are mainly reflected in power generation. The project is a giant power supply point in the middle line of china xd East Power Transmission Project, and the generated power will be mainly sold to Hubei, Henan, Hunan, Jiangxi and Chongqing in Central China Power Grid, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui in East China Power Grid and Guangdong in South China Power Grid, which can alleviate the tight power supply situation in China.

By the end of 20 12, the cumulative power generation of the Three Gorges Power Station has reached 62.9/kloc-0.40 billion kWh, which is equivalent to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 496 million tons and sulfur dioxide emissions by 5.95 million tons, making positive contributions to energy conservation and emission reduction. ?

3. Ships

Before the impoundment of the Three Gorges, the annual one-way traffic volume of Chuanjiang River was only 6.5438+million tons, and 10,000-ton ships could not reach Chongqing at all. The Three Gorges Project ended the history that "Sichuan has never sailed at night since ancient times". Through several impoundments of the Three Gorges, the navigation conditions of the Sichuan River have been improved day by day.

In 2009, the freight volume passing through the Three Gorges Dam was about 70 million tons. Since the navigation of the Three Gorges Shiplock in 2003, the accumulated freight volume passing through the dam has exceeded 300 million tons, exceeding the total freight volume in the 22 years before impoundment.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Three Gorges Hydropower Station