The land area of Song Dynasty was worse than that of Qin Dynasty. Why can it be called a unified dynasty?

There are Northern Song Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty in Song Dynasty. The Northern Song Dynasty was barely a unified dynasty, but it was controversial. Because in the Northern Song Dynasty, the Liao regime in the north occupied sixteen states of Youyun, which originally belonged to the Han nationality, and later the Xixia regime occupied the northwest region of the original territory of the Han nationality, there was no great unity in the territory, which also caused controversy in the history circle.

During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, due to the "Five Rebellions in China", the nomadic people in the north occupied most of the territory in the north at that time, established a ruling class, lived together with the Han people who had no time to move south, and began the integration of population and culture. Backward civilization is always swallowed up by advanced civilization, and the nomadic regime in the north gradually accepted the influence of Confucian culture and the Han regime system at that time. In the Song Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty was an independent and unified regime. Within the rule of the Northern Song Dynasty, all ethnic groups have merged, and the Song people speak the same language, have the same culture and have the same living customs. Song people had a strong sense of national identity with their country.

Most of the territory of the Northern Song Dynasty was in the south. For a long time, there were frequent wars in the north and relative stability in the south. From the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, after many waves of immigration, Han people moved from the north to the south. Coupled with the abundant water resources and fertile soil in the south, the grain output has increased year by year. The stable environment, huge population and abundant grain led to a very developed economy and a weak country and rich people in the Song Dynasty. Economic prosperity has promoted the unprecedented prosperity of culture and handicrafts, and spread to neighboring countries and even overseas. Handicraft industry developed in Song Dynasty. Three of the four great inventions-gunpowder, movable type printing and compass-were invented in the Song Dynasty, and exquisite porcelain, tea and silk were sold overseas through the Maritime Silk Road, which was very popular. It can be seen that the cultural influence of the Song Dynasty is very far-reaching, and it can be said that it is a great unity in culture, economy and national identity.