Zhu Yuanzhang's "Bandit" Spirit

Zhu Yuanzhang (Source: Data Map) This article is taken from: Legend (the second half of the month), No.24, 2008. Author: Sun Cunzhun Zhu Yuanzhang founded the Ming Dynasty after several campaigns. But Zhu Yuanzhang sitting in the massage parlor is still a "mountain king" and a "mountain king" covered with bandits. Look at Zhu Yuanzhang's various "bandits": First, if you are richer than me, I will rob you of your property and break your capital. In Zhu Yuanzhang's view, there must be a limit to money or money, otherwise it will be a threat to him. So, he took the method of connecting with the rich, or organized migration, such as forcing a large number of Suzhou rich people to "immigrate" to Zhu Yuanzhang's hometown of Fengyang, Anhui Province, leaving them to fend for themselves in an unusually strange "foreign land", or confiscating their land and property on charges of Luo Zhi. In this case, many rich people spread their wealth to protect themselves. For example, Shen Wansan, known as "the richest man in the world", donated money to build half of Nanjing. As a result, Zhu Yuanzhang regarded him as a "rabble" and the whole family was exiled to Yunnan. As a result, the wealthy families withered, and the originally rich Sanwu area "enriched the rich and wealthy families, all of them were cut off", and "the rich households either migrated or died out, and their voices disappeared." Second, if you are more talented than me, I will hit you on the head. Zhu Yuanzhang was born in poverty and dropped out of school at an early age. Although he lived in Huang Jue Temple, he recognized several vivid words from Buddhist scriptures. When he was in the army, he hung out with scholars and consciously studied "knowledge." After he made his fortune, he also invited scholars to give lectures, but after all, his foundation was too poor and he was finally a lout, so he always had a strong sense of inferiority. Moreover, in the process of conquering the world, the literati made suggestions for him, and when he was in power, the literati built a system for him. Therefore, he envied and doubted the talents of literati, and was full of strong distrust. This strong distrust is intertwined with his inherent sense of inferiority, which makes the life of literati difficult. If they make a mistake, they will be killed. The most tender and useless period of China literati was the early Ming Dynasty under Zhu Yuanzhang. It was under the strong suppression of Zhu Yuanzhang that the spectacular "Cultural Jiangnan" formed at the end of Yuan Dynasty drifted away with the wind, and the famous "Four Masters of Wuzhong" at the beginning of Ming Dynasty all ended in tragedy. Gao Qi was beheaded for his involvement in the Wei Guan case, and Yankee was punished by hard labor and died in the factory. Changyu was exiled to Lingnan. On his way back, he knew that there would be no good fruit to eat, so he threw himself into the river. Xu Ben's arrest and imprisonment is a tragedy. Third, if you are more famous than me, I will take away your aura and seal your mouth. As a sage in Asia, Mencius has been enjoying the Confucius Temple for thousands of years and enjoying the privilege of eating cold pork. However, Zhu Yuanzhang felt that Mencius' speech was a "big fallacy", which not only expelled Mencius' memorial tablet from the Confucius Temple, but also deleted all Mencius' words such as "the people are precious, the country is here, and the monarch is light" and "the monarch regards his ministers as dirt and his ministers regard them as enemies". Literati always love to recognize the truth, and always think that the moral discourse right is in their own hands. They are representatives of folk voices and forces. They can be officials or hermits. Zhu Yuanzhang believes that imperial power is Taoist power. If you want to say anything more, Zhu Yuanzhang will assert that you are a "heresy" and that "heresy is harmful to Taoism" ... If heresy does not go, the right path will be disgraced and the world will rule it. "So," literary inquisition "was vigorously promoted and" heresy "was suppressed. As a result, there was Zhu's "concentration theory", and he was the only theorist and thinker in China. At the same time, he also asked the literati to "actively cooperate" to serve the court and not to be a hermit. Otherwise, it is a serious dissatisfaction with Zhu's "right path" and there is no forgiveness. In this way, during his 3 1 year in power, Zhu Yuanzhang relied on the spirit of "bandits" to govern the country, which led to the spirit of "bandits" permeating the whole society and killing people without blinking an eye. However, he is still different from the "Mountain King", that is, the "Mountain King" talks about the loyalty of the rivers and lakes and the rules of the cottage, and always wants to "drink in a big bowl, eat meat in large pieces, and divide gold and silver in large scales" with his brothers. Of course, Zhu Yuanzhang did the same thing when he rebelled in his early years. It was only after he made a "gorgeous turn" as emperor that he suddenly changed his face as soon as he got rich. He not only eats good wine and meat alone, but also cleans and divides his brothers in a planned, purposeful and step-by-step manner. In the fifteenth year of Hongwu (1382), the "empty seal case" was punished. Zhu Yuanzhang was also moody and killed his brother who worked for him for no reason. According to Xu Zhenqing's "Victory News", whether Zhu Yuanzhang can kill people has an obvious signal, that is, in the court, the jade belt is wrapped around the waist, which indicates that there may be ministers falling to the ground. If he ties the jade belt high on his chest, it will probably be sunny. As Zhao Yi introduced in Notes on the Twenty-two History: "Every time Beijing officials enter the DPRK, they will have a good talk with their wives. When they have nothing to do, they will celebrate, thinking that they have lived another day." Opening a temple, even "bandits" are not as good as "bandits' nests"