Introduce the history of five dynasties and ten countries in detail.

China is one of the Five Dynasties (see Five Dynasties and Ten Countries). Zhu Wen built it. It's all open. In its heyday, the territory was about Henan and Shandong provinces, most of Shaanxi and Hubei, and parts of Hebei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Gansu, Ningxia and Liaoning. Zhu Wen once participated in the peasant uprising led by Huang Chao, and later defected to the Tang Dynasty. His name is Zhu Quanzhong, and he cooperated with Li Keyong, a noble of Shatuo, to suppress the Huang Chao uprising. In the first year of God Blessing (904), Zhu Wen kidnapped Tang Zhaozong and moved the capital to Luoyang. Immediately, he sent someone to kill Zhao Zong and made Zhao Zizhu Emperor Tang Aidi. God bless for four years, Zhu Wen proclaimed himself emperor on behalf of Tang Dynasty, renamed Huang, Kaiping and Liang. History is called Houliang. Bianzhou (now Kaifeng, Henan) was promoted to Kaifeng, known as the East Capital. Take Luoyang as the western capital; In the third year of Kaiping (909), the capital was moved from Kaifeng to Luoyang, and it was dried for three years (9 13), and the emperor ascended the throne, which was all open. Before and after Zhu Wen proclaimed himself emperor, he got rid of some accumulated disadvantages of the Tang Dynasty, rewarded farming and reduced taxes, and basically unified the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, juxtaposed with the Jin (Li Keyong) regime in Hedong (now southwest of Taiyuan, Shanxi) and the regimes of Wu, wuyue, Chu, Fujian, Nanhan, Jiannan, Fengxiang Qi (Li) and Youzhou Yan (Liu Shouguang) in the south. Although Zhu Wen has made some reforms, he was brutal and killed innocent people in the war. He fought with Li Keyong and Li, the father and son of Taiyuan, for years, causing serious damage to both sides of the Yellow River. When Zhu Wen was in power, the heir to the throne was undecided. In February of the second year of Ganhua, he competed with Jin for Hebei and returned to Luoyang when he got sick. In June, the second son Zhu staged a coup, killed Wen and proclaimed himself emperor. In the first month of the following year, it was changed to phoenix calendar. In February, Zhu Youzhen, the third son of Zhu Wen, launched a mutiny in Luoyang, and Youjue committed suicide. You Zhen proclaimed himself emperor in Kaifeng (renamed Zhong and Tang successively), and was the last emperor of Houliang, renamed Ganhua for three years. You really doubt that Fang is really a minister, and internal division further weakens national strength. In October of the third year of Lund (923), Tang Gaozong Li invaded Kaifeng, Emperor Gaozong committed suicide, and Houliang died.

Late Tang Dynasty (923 ~ 937)

China is one of the Five Dynasties (see Five Dynasties and Ten Countries). Made by Li Jian. The capital is Luoyang. In its heyday, the territory was about Henan, Shandong and Shanxi provinces. Most of Hebei and Shaanxi and parts of Gansu, Anhui, Ningxia, Hubei and Jiangsu, and occupied Sichuan for a short time. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Li Keyong, the envoy of Hedong and the king of Jin, fought with Zhu Wen, the envoy of Xuanwu (now Kaifeng, Henan), for a long time. Li Keyong died in the second year of Kaiping (908) and succeeded to Jin. In the first year of Hou Liang Ganhua (9 1 1), Hou Liangbing was defeated and won Hebei. In April of the third year of Lund (923), Li Wei proclaimed himself emperor and changed Tongguang to Tang, which was called the later Tang in history. In October of the same year, the back beam was destroyed, and in December, the capital was moved to Luoyang. Li, Fengxiang Qi Wang, wuyue, Chu, Fujian and Nanping all surrendered to the later Tang Dynasty. In the third year of Tongguang (925), Zhuang Zong ordered Guo Chongtao and others to attack and destroy the former Shu (before long, Meng Zhixiang occupied Shu again, which was called the later Shu in history), further unifying the north and extending to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Among the southern countries, only Nan Han and Wu competed with the later Tang Dynasty. The existence of the politics of arrogance and extravagance aroused the mutiny in Weizhou (now Daming North, Hebei Province). In March of four years, Li Keyong's adopted son Li Siyuan (Shatuo, formerly known as Nailie) took Bianzhou (now Kaifeng, Henan) by the force of mutiny. In April, Xu Cun was killed by mutinous soldiers in Luoyang, and Li Siyuan proclaimed himself in Luoyang, renamed Xu Li, and changed his name to Tiancheng for the sake of Mingzong. After Heiyuan ascended the throne, the reform was flawed and the political situation was peaceful. After the death of Ming Zong, his son Li Conghou succeeded to the throne, which was for the emperor Min. In April of the first year of Yingshun (934), Li Congke (Wang, Heiyuan's adopted son), an envoy of Hedong, set out to kill Conghou and became emperor himself. 1 1 month 26th (65438+1month 1 1 937), Shi Jingtang, the son-in-law of the heir, colluded with the Khitan to attack Luoyang and committed suicide from Keke. Died in the late Tang Dynasty.

Houjin (936 ~ 947)

China is one of the Five Dynasties (see Five Dynasties and Ten Countries). Built by Shi Jingtang. It's all open. In its heyday, the territory was about Shandong and Henan provinces, most of Shanxi and Shaanxi, and parts of Hebei, Ningxia, Gansu, Hubei, Jiangsu and Anhui. In the summer of 1936, in the third year of Qing Tai in the late Tang Dynasty, Shi Jingtang recognized Yelvdeguang, the master of the Khitan, as his father, and presented sixteen states of Ji You to the Khitan with three hundred thousand horses. In November, the Khitan Lord conferred the title of Shi Jingtang as Emperor Dajin in Taiyuan, and changed the country name to Tianfu, known as Jin in history. The post-Jin Dynasty generally coexisted with the regimes of Southern Tang, Wu, Yue, Min, Chu, Southern Han, Nanping and Houshu. On November 26th, the first year of Tianfu (65438+ 1 1, 937), Shi Jingtang invaded Luoyang, and Li Congke, the emperor of the later Tang Dynasty, set himself on fire. In two years, Shi Jingtang moved the capital to Bianzhou, and in three years he was promoted to Kaifengfu in Tokyo. Shi Jingtang died in Tianfu for seven years. My nephew, Shi Zhonggui, succeeded to the throne and was called the young emperor or emperor. Minister Jing came to power and told the Khitan that Sun was disobedient, so Lord Khitan drove the army south. Nomads fought bravely and defeated the Khitan army twice in the first year of Kaiyi (944) and the second year. In October of three years, uncle Dewey (that is, Du Zhongwei) was appointed as a marshal, leading the army to resist the Khitan, and Dewey followed Shi Jingtang's example and colluded in secret. The Khitan Lord promised to make Dewey emperor of the Central Plains. Dewey believed it and decided to surrender, so he led the Qidan army south. 1February 17 (65438+1October 1 1 947), the Khitan army invaded Kaifeng, the troops moved northward, and the late Jin Dynasty perished.

Later Han Dynasty (947 ~ 95 1)

China is one of the Five Dynasties (see Five Dynasties and Ten Countries). Built by Liu Zhiyuan. It's all open. In its heyday, the territory was about Shandong and Henan provinces, most of Shanxi and Shaanxi, and parts of Hebei, Ningxia, Hubei, Anhui and Jiangsu. 1February 17 (65438+1October 1 1 947), Khitan was trapped in Kaifeng and died in the late Jin Dynasty. In the first month of the following year, Yelvdeguang, the master of Qidan, proclaimed himself emperor in Kaifeng, with the title of Liao. In February, Liu Zhiyuan gave up the wait-and-see view of the south of Qidan and proclaimed himself in Taiyuan. He wrote a letter forbidding the looting of money and silk for the Liao country to comfort the people who fought against the Liao country. Their hearts were linked together. In March, the Liao army withdrew from the north. In May, Liu Zhiyuan sent troops to occupy Luoyang and Kaifeng, and recovered Henan, Hebei and other states that fell in the late Jin Dynasty. In June, the name of the country was changed to Dahan, which was called Houhan in history. From the fourth year of Tianfu (947) to the twelfth year of Tianfu, it was built in Jianyuan Ganyou the following year. Coexist with the regimes of Southern Tang, wuyue, Chu, Southern Han, Houshu and Nanping. In the first month of the first year of Ganyou (948), Liu Zhiyuan died, and his second son, Liu Chengyou, succeeded Yin Di. At the beginning of Chengyou's establishment, assistant minister Shi, yangfu, Su and Guo Wei were authoritarian, but there were contradictions among them. Shi is the commander-in-chief of the bodyguard, pro-army and "ma bu" or horse stance just look, who mastered the imperial army and brutally killed the people; As the special envoy of the Tang Dynasty, Yang Tai was the most powerful. Cheng You became suspicious. In November of the third year of Ganyou, he killed three ambassadors, Shi and San, giving Sue the right to know about the Privy Council. He also ordered the killing of Guo Wei, the left-behind envoy of the Tang Dynasty. Things drain, Guo Wei arise and attack Kaifeng, on November 21st chengyu was killed. The later Han Dynasty died.

Later week (95 1 ~ 960)

China is one of the Five Dynasties (see Five Dynasties and Ten Countries). Built by Guo Wei. It's all open. In its heyday, the territory was about Shandong and Henan provinces, most of Shaanxi, Anhui and Jiangsu, and parts of southern Hebei, northern Hubei, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu and Shanxi. On November 21st (95 1. 1. 1), Yecheng stayed in Guo Wei and killed Yin Di of the later Han Dynasty. The following year in the first month, for the emperor. Change the name of the week, and the history is called the later week. Gaiyuan Guang Shun, still Kaifeng. Guo Wei carried out reforms, reduced penalties and abolished exorbitant taxes, which alleviated the oppression and exploitation of the people to a certain extent. In the first month of the first year of Xiande (954), Guo Wei died of illness, and his adopted son Chai Rong succeeded Sejong (see Zhou Shizong). Chai Rong continued to carry out reform, rectify official management, strictly observe military discipline, be good at foot soldiers, and prepare conditions for reunification. When Chai Rong acceded to the throne, the territory of the Later Zhou Dynasty was similar to that of the Later Han Dynasty, except that the north-central part of Shanxi was occupied by the Northern Han Dynasty, and it was tied with Nantang, wuyue, Nanhan, Houshu and Nanping. Sejong is very talented and committed to national reunification. In the first year of Xiande, he led the army to defeat the Han army and drove back the Liao army, initially consolidating the northern border defense. In two years, he sent his troops to defeat Houshu. Since then, he personally visited Nantang three times. Li Jing, the commander of the Southern Tang Dynasty, was forced to draw a river with the later Zhou Dynasty. In six years, Sejong personally led the army north. On the way, Chai Rong was seriously ill and returned to Kaifeng. He died in June and his son Chai Zongxun succeeded to the throne to show his respect for the emperor. In the first month of the seventh year of Xiande, he launched a mutiny in Chen Qiao, abolished Emperor Gong, established the Northern Song Dynasty, and died the following year.

Qianshu (907 ~ 925)

China is one of the five dynasties and ten countries. Built by Wang Jian. Chengdu (now Sichuan). In its heyday, the territory was about most of Sichuan, southeastern Gansu, southwestern Shaanxi and western Hubei. In the second year of Dashun (89 1), Wang Jian captured Chengdu. Later, it developed to Dongchuan, and there was Sichuan land. Two years later (902), Shannan West Road (now Hanzhong, Shaanxi) was taken. In three years, Tang was named King of Shu. In the first year of Kaiping, Hou Liang (in 907, Shu was still called Tianfuqi), Wang Jian proclaimed himself emperor, and his country name was Shu, which was known in history. In the fifth year of Yongping in the former Shu Dynasty (9 15), Wang Jian took Qin (now Qin 'an North, Gansu Province), Feng (now Fengxian East, Shaanxi Province), Cheng (now Chengxian County, Gansu Province) and Xie (now Kangxian County, Gansu Province) and extended his territory to the Big Three Pass. During the rebellion at the end of the Tang Dynasty, many clansmen and literati went to Sichuan. Wang Jianduo was appointed, and some were appointed as prime ministers. But the real power is often in the hands of eunuchs and Wang Jian's adopted son, and the contradictions within the ruling group are sharp, sometimes killing each other. In the third year of Yongping, Prince Yuan Ying was killed in a struggle. In broad daylight (9 18), Wang Jian died and his son Wang Yan succeeded to the throne. After the establishment of the former Shu, there were few large-scale wars and social production basically went on normally. However, taxes are heavy, Wang Yan is extravagant and dissolute, the empress dowager and imperial concubine sell officials and titles, courtiers pay bribes, and politics is very decadent. In the third year of Tongguang (925), Li sent troops to attack Shu in the later Tang Dynasty, Wang Yan fell, and the former Shu died.

Houshu (934 ~ 965)

China is one of the ten countries (see Five Dynasties and Ten Countries). Built by Meng Zhixiang. Chengdu (now Sichuan). In its heyday, the territory was about most of Sichuan, southeastern Gansu, southwestern Shaanxi and western Hubei. In the third year of Tongguang (925), the later Tang Dynasty destroyed the former Shu, and Meng Zhixiang resigned our time. In the first month of the following year, Meng Zhixiang went to Chengdu to rectify the bureaucracy, reduce exorbitant taxes and gradually stabilize the site. In the third year of Changxing (932), Zhixiang killed Dong Zhang, the envoy of Dongchuan, and gained the land of Dongchuan. In four years, he was named King of Shu. In the first year of Yingshun in the later Tang Dynasty (934), Emperor Min became emperor after knowing Xiang, with the title of Mingde and the history of Shu. In the same year, Meng Zhixiang died, and his son Meng Chang (9 19 ~ 965) succeeded to the throne, still using the year number of Mingde. Mingde five years (938), gaiyuan. When the Khitan destroyed the gold, Qin (now Qin 'an North, Gansu), Cheng (now Cheng County, Gansu) and Jie (now Wudu East, Gansu) belonged to Houshu. After Shu captured Fengzhou (now east of Fengxian County, Shaanxi Province), its territory was the same as that of the former Shu. In the eighteenth year of Zheng Guang (the second year of Xiande in the later Zhou Dynasty) (955), Qin, Jie, Cheng and Feng were captured by the latter Zhou Dynasty. In the third year of Gande in the Northern Song Dynasty (965), he sent troops to attack Shu, Meng Changjun fell, and then Shu died. In the same year, Meng Chang died.