Mongolians in China live in Mongolia. Why do few Mongolians immigrate to Mongolia?

It is common for the same ethnic group to emigrate to a country where another ethnic group is dominant. For example, Han people like to immigrate to Singapore, Korean people like to immigrate to South Korea, and Kazakhstan is the biggest destination for Kazakh immigrants.

Immigrants to these countries are welcomed by their own people because of the same language and culture, and some countries have policy support. However, as a large minority in China, there are few cases of emigrating to Mongolia. This is mainly caused by Mongolia's policies and economy.

China Mongols are in Mongolia.

After the founding of New China, for a period of time, intellectuals and herders from Inner Mongolia crossed into Mongolia. However, Sino-Soviet relations deteriorated in the 1960s, and the Mongolian government followed the Soviet Union's anti-China policy, suspecting that these Mongolians were spies, detained them for several days, and then repatriated some Inner Mongolians to China.

Mongolian nationals of China who stayed in Mongolia were deported to remote areas and forced to work for 20 or 30 years without obtaining Mongolian passports. Because Mongolians without legal status cannot find good jobs, they can only engage in construction, animal husbandry and agriculture.

Mongolian expatriates are mainly engaged in translation and business in Mongolia. Even today, Mongolians who come to live in Mongolia are still excluded. Most of these people have lived in Mongolia for a short time and have few immigrants.

1, translation, Chinese Mongolians are mainly engaged in translation work in Mongolia. There are many bilingual talents in Mongolia and China, with great competition pressure and relatively low treatment. However, translators sent abroad to Mongolia have higher treatment, and these Mongolian-Chinese translators are mainly young men.

International students are mainly divided into official students and private students. Formal students are mainly students from top universities in China and universities in Inner Mongolia. Students studying in Mongolia are mainly engaged in Mongolian studies and Mongolian art.

3. Visiting scholars, mainly the exchanges between Inner Mongolia scholars and the Mongolian government and universities. Or go to Mongolia to find information and compile books related to Mongolian.

economy

In 2002 1 year, the GDP of Mongolia reached 95.345 billion yuan, and that of Inner Mongolia reached 2051400 million yuan, 21times that of Mongolia. Moreover, eight of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 12 city alliances exceed the GDP of Mongolia. In terms of personal income, the average monthly salary in Mongolia is about 1.200- 1.800 yuan, which is far lower than the income of the people in Inner Mongolia.

Moreover, half of Mongolia's 3.3 million people are concentrated in the capital Ulaanbaatar, and the others are small cities. Industries are mainly concentrated in animal husbandry and minerals, and it is difficult for Mongolians in China to have greater development opportunities in Mongolia except trade and translation.

However, economic factors are not the absolute factors that restrict Mongolian immigrants. On the contrary, many economically backward places have become gold mines for China businessmen. Another major reason that really prevents Mongolians from immigrating to China is Mongolia's naturalization policy.

policy

Although Mongolia is vast and sparsely populated, it is very wary of immigrants, especially those from China. According to the Law of Mongolia on the Legal Status of Foreign Citizens, foreigners who come to Mongolia for private purposes cannot exceed 3% of the total population of Mongolia, and the highest proportion of China people can reach 1%. In other words, the maximum number of China people who can stay in Mongolia is 33,000.

Becoming a Mongolian citizen has higher requirements.

1. The applicant's monthly income is 10 times the minimum wage in Mongolia.

2. Applicants must be familiar with the customs and habits of the Mongolian people, the official language and the Mongolian Constitution. You must have lived in Mongolia for at least five years before the date of application.

3, the applicant's country authorities or the country's embassy or consulate in Mongolia agreed.

Let alone let the Mongolians in China know the Mongolian Constitution, even the ordinary herdsmen in Mongolia don't know it. Some Mongolians in China want to live and work in Mongolia, but Mongolian laws have not solved this problem, nor have they created any favorable conditions for Mongolians in Mongolia.

Due to strict immigration laws, of the 65,438+09,65,438+059 foreigners who have lived in Mongolia for a long time, only 65,438+0882 have become permanent residents, of which about 65,438+0400 are from China. In addition, only more than 65,438+00 foreigners become Mongolian citizens every year.

There are no separate data on the number of Mongolian immigrants in Mongolia.

Kazakhstan, another country in China, offers a completely different immigration policy. At the beginning of Kazakhstan's independence, Kazakhs and Russians each accounted for 40%. In order to increase the proportion of Kazakhs, former Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev called on Kazakhs from all over the world to return to Kazakhstan.

The Government of Kazakhstan has adopted relevant rules and requirements for resettling historical immigrants who intend to return to Kazakhstan and settle in rural areas, stipulating that foreign citizens of Kazakh descent, stateless persons or Kazakhs permanently residing in other countries can return to Kazakhstan and live permanently.

The Kazakh government provides preferential policies in housing, employment, education and other aspects for returning Kazakhs, which opens the door for Kazakhs to return to China.

Kazakhs in Mongolia account for 82.4% of the total population, and Kazakhs have always been dominant, unlike Kazakhstan, which has a sense of crisis because of the low proportion of the main ethnic groups. I am not interested in the return of Mongolian immigrants.

Take a hostile attitude towards ...

In history, the Mongolian empire once had brilliant prosperity and prestige, but today Mongolia has become a small country sandwiched between China and Russia. This made the Mongols feel frustrated and failed.

After the social transformation in Mongolia from 65438 to the early 1990s, this backward and defeatist mentality increased and nationalism appeared. In addition, China once ruled Mongolia in history, and the Mongolian people's wariness and suspicion of China have not completely disappeared.

China immigrants from Mongolia are disgusting, including Mongolians in China.

The flow of Mongolians in China

There are not many Mongolians working and living in Mongolia, and Mongolians mainly flow to developed coastal areas and Beijing. Many Mongolians outside Inner Mongolia have moved to developed cities in Inner Mongolia. Like the Han nationality, Mongolians who emigrate overseas are often developed countries in Europe and America.

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Although Mongolia is vast and sparsely populated, it has no plans to introduce immigrants and has not liberalized its immigration policy. The same is true of Mongolians all over the world, coupled with small economic scale and few jobs. It is also difficult to attract Mongolians from our country to immigrate to China.