Did Shandong people keep their own dialects after the journey to Guandong? How did the Northeast dialect come from?

In the modern history of China, going to Kanto was a great migration that lasted for hundreds of years. According to the statistics of relevant experts, about 40 million immigrants moved from Shanhaiguan to the northeast in this way during the whole process of going east.

The historical phenomenon of going to the East occurred in the late Qing Dynasty. At that time, the Qing government was corrupt and incompetent, and the foreign powers occupied China. In addition, at that time, Shandong, Henan and other places suffered from natural disasters or wars for years, which caused a large number of people from Shandong and Henan to migrate to the northeast and live in this way.

For the United States today, the trip to the East has become history. However, for this history, many people may have such a problem.

Why didn't Shandong people keep their Shandong dialect after they went to Guandong? How did the Northeast dialect come from today?

The answer to this question is actually not complicated.

"Going to the East" took place in the late Qing Dynasty. Before that, most parts of Northeast China were often used by the Qing Dynasty to exile prisoners because of the cold climate. For example, Ningguta, a famous exile in Qing Dynasty, is located in Ning 'an area of Mudanjiang today.

On the other hand, it is because the Qing Dynasty originated in the northeast, especially the Changbai Mountain generation. Manchu rulers regard Changbai Mountain as the birthplace, and do not allow a large number of Han Chinese to enter the customs, let alone get close to Changbai Mountain.

It is precisely for this reason that before the end of the Qing Dynasty, the northeast was actually in a state of extremely sparse population.

However, by the end of the Qing Dynasty, with the collapse of the Qing government's rule, the policy of banning the Northeast gradually failed. At that time, Shandong, Henan and other places suffered from natural and man-made disasters for years, and the people's lives were difficult. So a wave of immigrants to the northeast began to flourish gradually, forming a later trip to the east.

Then, since there were few people in the Northeast at that time, why didn't Shandong people keep their Shandong dialect after arriving in the Northeast in droves?

There are actually three main reasons for this.

First of all, in the early stage of going to the East, that is, in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, there were fewer people going north and east at that time. At that time, at the beginning of the journey, most Shandong people stopped because of the road when they arrived in Liaoning.

In Liaoning at that time, there were many native Northeasters. There are locals in the area. After Shandong people came, in order to communicate with local people, it is natural to learn Northeast dialect, and at the same time Northeast dialect is gradually influenced by Shandong dialect. After decades of gradual integration, there are also many characteristic words of Shandong dialect in the later Northeast dialect.

Secondly, during the Republic of China, Northeast China was ruled by warlord Zhang for a long time. Compared with the melee between the warlords in Shanhaiguan Pass, the Northeast has actually been relatively peaceful for nearly 30 years. At that time, the northeast developed a relatively perfect modern industrial system from the wild land of Manchu Dynasty.

So at this time, the climax of the second wave of crossing the Kanto began. Compared with the late Qing Dynasty, the second wave of Kanto tour has an obvious feature, that is, the main body of Kanto tour is no longer just a single Shandong person, but people from all over the country.

At that time, people who went to live in the northeast, Shandong people may only account for less than half. The other half are people from all over the country.

People from all over the country gather in the northeast, and it is certainly impossible to speak Shandong dialect. As a result, everyone's language began to gradually merge, more similar to our Mandarin today. Moreover, after the second wave began, because Liaoning was developed at that time, in order to win more opportunities and land, the second wave of people who set foot on the journey began to go north, and most of them went to Heilongjiang and Jilin.

This is why, in today's Northeast, there will be a very interesting phenomenon: if you meet a Northeastern with a particularly strong Northeast accent, he is mostly from Liaoning; A little heavy, but not so heavy, basically he is from Jilin; The northeast accent is very light, and I can hear it occasionally. This person should be from Heilongjiang.

Because at the beginning of the eastward tour, there were the most northeast people in Liaoning and the least northeast people in Heilongjiang.

The third reason is to promote Putonghua.

After the founding of New China, in order to facilitate ethnic exchanges, the state began to choose to promote Putonghua. There are always two opinions when choosing which local language to use as Putonghua. One is mainly Cantonese, and the other is mainly Beijing dialect and Northeast dialect. Finally, everyone voted, and the latter won by one vote.

Therefore, after the founding of New China, Putonghua was based on Beijing dialect and Northeast dialect, and was gradually popularized after a few modifications.

The third climax of the journey was in the ten years after the founding of New China. At that time, the state called for support for the construction of the Northeast, and many people from other places set foot on the road to the Northeast again. Shandong people still occupy a large part, but at this time, the country has begun to promote Putonghua, and everyone needs to start learning Putonghua when they arrive in the Northeast.

Therefore, among many Northeasters today, grandparents who traveled to the Northeast in those days may still be speaking Shandong dialect. Their children learn Mandarin after school and use it in their daily life. The native parents' Shandong dialect naturally failed to extend to their children.

What a language needs to survive is a relatively closed language environment. It takes a certain number of people, and in this crowd, everyone speaks this language, so that this language can be maintained. Therefore, in the northeast, some villages established by Shandong immigrants in those years may still be dominated by Shandong accent. But there are few such places now. More and more northeast people can speak Mandarin now.