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What are the four moons of Jupiter?
Io, with an average distance of 420,000 kilometers from Jupiter, is famous for its strong volcanic eruption? So far, at least nine volcanic eruptions have been recorded, and the eruption time is very long. Volcanic ash covers the surface about 0.00 1 m thick every year? Io's surface is very flat, without craters, and its surface is decorated with colorful volcanic ash?
Io's atmosphere is very thin and consists of sulfur dioxide and other gases? Unlike satellites in the outer solar system, Io and Europa are similar in composition to other planets, and are mainly composed of hot silicate rocks? The colors of sulfur and its compounds make Io's surface colorful?
The average distance between Europa and Jupiter is 670,000 kilometers? The river lines on the surface are conspicuous. There may be soft ice or liquid water? Voyager 1 found that Europa is a rock sphere covered with thick ice, almost white and soft in color? There are mottled black areas and bright areas at the equator, which are crossed by black lines. Short, crisscross, like a mess? Could it be a connected crater? Is Fangshan, only 50 meters high, the flattest celestial body?
Scientists received photos sent back by the space probe Voyager 2. It is speculated that Europa has a solid core with an ice shell, and there may be a layer of liquid water between the ice shell and the core. Astronomer Stevenson and others calculated the heat dissipation of Europa, and confirmed that there was indeed a liquid water layer between the core and the ice shell? Through the experiments of several different models, they came to the conclusion that Europa has an underground ocean with a depth of 25,000 meters under the ice?
Ganymede is the largest satellite in the solar system, with a distance of 654.38+0.07 million kilometers from Jupiter? "Voyager 1" measures that there is a polygonal area on the side facing Jupiter, and the crater is serious and spans dozens of kilometers. They are surrounded by a bright network system, and these landforms are areas composed of some parallel ridges and ditches between very close ridges, some of which are as high as 20? Are there traces of faults and crustal changes on the surface?
Ganymede is the only known satellite with magnetosphere in the solar system. The magnetosphere may be generated by the convective motion of the iron-rich flowing core?
Ganymede has a thin oxygen-containing atmosphere, which contains atomic oxygen, oxygen and ozone, and atomic hydrogen is also a component of the atmosphere? Whether there is an ionosphere on Ganymede has not been determined.
Ganymede is the farthest Galileo satellite from Jupiter, and its orbit is about 654.38+08800 kilometers from Jupiter, which is much farther than the orbit radius of Ganymede, the second closest to Jupiter?
Because it was hit by a meteorite for about 4 billion years, the surface was covered with craters? In a huge flat circular basin, surrounded by concentric mountains, like a frozen tsunami?
Scientists speculate that these "mountains" were formed because the impact of a very large meteorite melted the ice on the surface of Callisto, causing water to spread everywhere from the impact site, but it was quickly frozen again? I believe that with the rapid development of science and technology, one day mankind will know Jupiter more deeply?
Four major satellites
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