Wenshui History and Culture

The history of Wenshui County a thousand years ago

According to the research of stone tools and cave houses unearthed from Shangxian and Xiyukou in Wenshui County, as far back as the Neolithic Age, Wenshui County There are human settlements in Shuixian.

According to the annals of Wenshui's old county: Wenshui was the territory that was merged with Hebei in ancient times, and was under the jurisdiction of Jizhou during the Tang and Yu Dynasties; Yao was the capital of Pingtao (Pingtao Village, Wenshui County) during the Tang Dynasty. Later it became the jurisdiction of Bingzhou.

The name Wenshui comes from the fact that the Wenyu River in the county flows down from Guancuilongmen to the entrance of the valley. The water has many ripples, so it is named Wenshui. In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was the land of the Qi family of Jin State.

In the twenty-eighth year of Lu Zhaogong (514 BC), the Jin Dynasty destroyed Qi and made it the town of Pingling Dafu. The Jin Sima Wu became the Pingling Dafu. In the 26th year of King Zhou An of the Warring States Period (376 BC), Dalingyi (Daling is the mainland) belonged to Zhao. The city was governed at Dalingzhuang (originally named Dalingtun) in the north of Wuling Village, Wenshui County.

In the twenty-fifth year of the Qin Dynasty (221 BC), the first emperor of Qin Dynasty, it was first named Daling County and belonged to Taiyuan County. Map of Wenshuijiaocheng in the early Tang Dynasty. Wang Mang of the New Dynasty - the first year of the founding of the People's Republic of China (9th year), Daling was renamed Daning County and belonged to Taiyuan County.

In the first year of Jianwu (25th year) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was renamed Daling County. Daling County has always been called Daling County during the Three Kingdoms, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.

In the ninth year of Zhenjun of the Northern Wei Dynasty (448), the people of Shouyang were moved to Daling County and set up in Suoyang County (also known as Xishouyang). The county seat was in Jiuchengzhuang, Wenshui County. In the ninth year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty (589), it was called Suiyang County and belonged to Taiyuan County.

In the tenth year of Emperor Kaihuang’s reign in the Sui Dynasty (590), it was first named Wenshui County. In the third year of Wude (620) of the Tang Dynasty, it was under Fenzhou, in the sixth year of Wude (623) it was under Bingzhou, and in the seventh year of Wude (624) it was under Fenzhou.

In the first year of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty (627), it belonged to Taiyuan County. In the first year of Tianshou of the Tang Dynasty (690), Wu Zetian proclaimed himself emperor and changed the name of Tang Dynasty to Zhou Dynasty. Since Wenshui County was her hometown, Wenshui County was changed to Wuxing County.

In the first year of Tang Shenlong (704), Zhongzong was restored to power and its original name was restored to Wenshui County. In the Five Dynasties, Ten Kingdoms and Song Dynasty, it was called Wenshui County.

During the Song and Yuanfu years (1098 to 1100), the ancient city of Wenshui was moved to the south of Zhangduoli to avoid floods, and it still belonged to Taiyuan County. In Jin and Yuan Dynasties, it belonged to Taiyuan Road and was called Wenshui County.

The above is for reference only, I hope it will be helpful to you. The history of Wenshui County a thousand years ago

According to the stone tools and cave houses unearthed from Shangxian and Xiyukou in Wenshui County, humans have settled in Wenshui County as far back as the Neolithic Age. According to the records of Wenshui's old county: Wenshui was the territory that was merged with Hebei in ancient times. It was the jurisdiction of Jizhou during the Tang and Yu Dynasties; Yao was the capital of Pingtao (Pingtao Village, Wenshui County) during the Tang Dynasty. Later it became the jurisdiction of Bingzhou. The name Wenshui comes from the fact that the Wenyu River in the county comes from Guanlei Longmen and reaches the entrance of the valley. The water has many ripples, so it is named Wenshui.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was the land of the Qi family of Jin State.

In the twenty-eighth year of Lu Zhaogong (514 BC), the Jin Dynasty destroyed Qi and made it the town of Pingling Dafu. The Jin Sima Wu became the Pingling Dafu.

In the 26th year of King Zhou An of the Warring States Period (376 BC), Dalingyi (Daling is the mainland) belonged to Zhao. The city was governed at Dalingzhuang (originally named Dalingzhuang) in the north of Wuling Village, Wenshui County. Lingtun).

In the twenty-fifth year of the Qin Dynasty (221 BC), the first emperor of Qin Dynasty, it was first named Daling County and belonged to Taiyuan County.

Map of Wenshuijiaocheng in the early Tang Dynasty

In the first year of the founding of the People's Republic of China (9th year) by Wang Mang of the New Dynasty, Daling was renamed Daning County and belonged to Taiyuan County.

In the first year of Jianwu (25th year) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was renamed Daling County.

Daling County has always been called Daling County during the Three Kingdoms, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.

In the ninth year of Zhenjun of the Northern Wei Dynasty (448), the people of Shouyang were moved to Daling County and set up in Suoyang County (also known as Xishouyang). The county seat was in Jiuchengzhuang, Wenshui County.

In the ninth year of Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty (589), it was called Suiyang County and belonged to Taiyuan County. In the 10th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty (590), it was first named Wenshui County.

In the third year of Wude (620) of Tang Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Fenzhou, in the sixth year of Wude (623) it was under Bingzhou, and in the seventh year of Wude (624) it was under Fenzhou. In the first year of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty (627), it belonged to Taiyuan County. In the first year of Tianshou of the Tang Dynasty (690), Wu Zetian proclaimed himself emperor and changed the name of Tang Dynasty to Zhou Dynasty. Because Wenshui County was her hometown, Wenshui County was changed to Wuxing County. In the first year of Shenlong of the Tang Dynasty (704), Zhongzong was restored to power and its original name was restored to Wenshui County.

In the Five Dynasties, Ten Kingdoms and Song Dynasty, it was called Wenshui County. During the Song and Yuanfu years (1098 to 1100), the ancient city of Wenshui was moved to the south of Zhangduoli to avoid flooding, and it still belonged to Taiyuan County.

Jin and Yuan belong to Taiyuan Road and are called Wenshui County.

The above is for reference only. I hope it will be helpful to you. Wenshui Ancient Times

Wenshui County has been moved twice in history, first to Dalingcheng and then to the current old city. Zhuangchu is known as "Wenshui Ancient City" in history.

Wenshui Ancient City is located in the old city village 5.5 kilometers east of the present city. It was built in the Northern Wei Dynasty.

"Records of the Customs of the Later Wei Dynasty" says: "In the ninth year of Zhenjun Taiping (448), he moved Shanrong out and moved 3,000 households of Shouyang people ten miles south of Daling City to Shouyang County." The county seat is in this city. "Minutes of Du Shi Fang Yu" records that "the city is very wide, about thirty miles, and the people plant paddy fields in the city."

In the seventh year of Yuanfeng in the Song Dynasty (1804), the Fenwen River overflowed and was destroyed by floods. The base address does not exist.

Now Jiuchengzhuang is a small village with a population of less than a thousand people. The Wenyu River flows not far away. It is still a muddy village on rainy days, and it has completely lost its former glory.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was the land of the Qi family of the Jin State. In 514 BC (the 28th year of Lu Zhaogong), the Jin Dynasty destroyed Qi and made it the town of Pingling Dafu (the hereditary place of Pingling Dafu of Jin). In 376 BC (the twenty-sixth year of King An of Zhou Dynasty during the Warring States Period), the Han, Wei, and Zhao emperors deposed Jinggong and divided the land into three parts. Dalingyi, which belonged to Zhao, was located in Wuling, 25 miles northwest of the county. Dalingzhuang (formerly known as Dalingtun) is located in the north of the village.

"Historical Records" records: In 344 BC, Marquis Su of Zhao visited Daling, which is the place where King Wuling of Zhao also visited in 310 BC. Dalingzhuang was placed under the jurisdiction of Jiaocheng County in 1621 AD (the Qi period of tomorrow).

In 221 BC (the 25th year of the First Emperor of Qin), Zhao was destroyed and merged with the other six kingdoms. The prefectures and counties under the empire were originally named Daling County and belonged to Taiyuan County. During the 229 years from 221 to 8 BC (the first year of the Western Han Dynasty), it was Daling County.

From 202 to 9 BC (Western Han Dynasty), Pingtao County was set up in the southern part of Daling County, including the northwest boundary of what was later Pingyao County. The county seat is Pingtao Village, Wenshui County.

In 9 AD, Wang Mang proclaimed himself emperor, changed the name of Han to Xin, and changed Daling to Daning County, which belonged to Taiyuan County. From 9 AD (the first year of the founding of Xin Mang) to 24 AD (the second year of Gengshi) , which lasted for 16 years, became Daning County. The Eastern Han Dynasty was established in 25 AD, and it was renamed Daling County in 25 AD (the first year of Jianwu).

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it belonged to Taiyuan County during the Three Kingdoms period, and to the Taiyuan Kingdom in the Western Jin Dynasty. From the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and 422 years from AD 447 (the eighth year of Zhenjun in the Northern Wei Dynasty), it has been called Daling County.

In Daling, Northern Wei Province, in 448 AD (the ninth year of Zhenjun), the people of Shouyang were moved to Daling County, and the county seat of Suoyang County (also known as Xishouyang) was located ten miles east of Wenshui County. Chengzhuang. From the Northern Wei Dynasty to 589 (the ninth year of Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty), after 141 years, it was named Shooyang County and belonged to Taiyuan County.

It was first named Wenshui County in 590 (the tenth year of Emperor Kaihuang’s reign in the Sui Dynasty). The name Wenshui comes from the fact that the Wenyu River in the county comes from Guanlei Longmen and reaches the mouth of the valley. The water has many ripples, so it is named Wenshui.

In 620 (the third year of Wude in the Tang Dynasty), it was subordinated to Fenzhou. In the sixth year, it belonged to Bingzhou, and in the seventh year, it belonged to Fenzhou. In 627 AD (the first year of Zhenguan), it belonged to Taiyuan County. In 689 AD (the first year of Yongchang), it lasted 99 years and was named Wenshui County.

In 690 (the first year of Tianshou), Wu Zetian proclaimed himself emperor and changed the name of Tang Dynasty to Zhou Dynasty. Because Wenshui County was her hometown, she changed Wenshui County to Wuxing County. It lasted 15 years until 704 AD (the fourth year of Chang'an). Year, named Wuxing County. In 704 (the first year of Tang Shenlong), Zhongzong was restored to power and its original name was restored to Wenshui County.

After the Five Dynasties, Ten Kingdoms, Song Dynasty, the name remained unchanged. From 1098 to 1100 (the years of Song and Yuanfu), the ancient city of Wenshui was moved to the south of Zhangduoli to avoid floods, which later became Wenshui City and still belonged to Taiyuan County.

In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, it was still named Wenshui County and belonged to Taiyuan Road. From the Ming and Qing dynasties to the early Republic of China, it belonged to Taiyuan Prefecture.

After the Shanxi Incident in 1939, Wenshui County completely became an area under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and belonged to the Eighth Commissioner's Office of Shanxi District. After 1949, Fenyang District was newly established and returned to Fenyang District.

From March 1951 to May 1854, it belonged to Yuci Prefecture. From May 1954 to 1958, it belonged to Jinzhong District.

In November 1958, Fenyang, Wenshui and Jiaocheng counties were merged into Fenyang County, renamed Wenshui Town, and the Fenyang County Wenshui Town Office was established. In September 1959, the three counties were separated and the establishment of Wenshui County was restored, which belongs to the Jinzhong Administrative Commissioner's Office.

On May 1, 1971, the Luliang District Revolutionary Committee (later renamed Luliang District Administrative Office) was established and came under the jurisdiction of Wenshui County. In March 2004, Luliang City was established, and Wenshui belonged to it. What historical celebrities have appeared in Wenshui County, Shanxi Province?

Wu Zetian, Di Qing, Kong Tianyin, Liu Hulan, etc. Because the ancient pagoda was repeatedly robbed but not destroyed, the people gave it a mysterious color. About it The legend is very popular and famous.

According to legend, in ancient times, an astrologer noticed that the feng shui in the Shangxian Village area was excellent and that a real dragon emperor would be born. So the emperor ordered skilled craftsmen to build this pagoda as a town. Therefore, Shangxian Pagoda is also called the "Dragon-Suppressing Pagoda" ". The tower towered into the clouds, blocking the way of Erlang Shen, who was carrying the mountain to catch the sun.

Erlangshen was furious, swung his pole and struck twice, cutting the tower into three sections. The top of the tower fell on Jianchang Village, 15 kilometers away from Shangxian Village, and the tower's roots shook Jicun, 2.5 kilometers away.

Since then, only half of the pagoda body has remained in Shangxian Village. This is the reason why the Shangxian Pagoda has neither a top nor a base.

The place where Erlang Shen rested his burden on the mountain. Due to the fall of the mountain, two hills were left, which is today's Shangxianpo. What is the most distinctive thing about Luliang? It has to do with history and culture from ancient times to the present.

The Luliang area is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation.

As far back as the Paleolithic Age, humans have lived and multiplied here. After liberation, especially since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, reform, opening up and economic construction have been actively promoted, and the national economy and social development industry in the region have achieved great development.

Energy and heavy chemical industries such as coal, electric power, metallurgy, and chemicals have also made great progress. The Luliang area has a typical Loess Plateau landform, with ravines, undulating mountains and terraces surrounding the area. It is one of the poor areas in Shanxi.

However, history has left a rich historical and cultural heritage here, which complements the scenery of Luliang and has become a tourist destination today. The Luliang area is rich in mineral resources with a full range of varieties. In addition to coal, there are also hematite, magnetite, lead ore, dolomite, asbestos, and graphite.

Marble, etc. Xinghua Village, the famous wine capital, is located in Fenyang City, Luliang Region.

Wenshui County, the hometown of Wu Zetian and Liu Hulan, is also in the Luliang area. The Luliang area has a long history of talented people. Di Qing, the famous general of the Song Dynasty, Song Zhiwen, the great poet of the Tang Dynasty, and Guo Ziyi, the general of the Tang Dynasty, were all from Fenyang.

Luliang is named after the Luliang Mountains that run through the entire territory from north to south. Guji Mountain in the urban area was called Luliang Mountain in ancient times.

According to the "Yongning Prefecture Chronicles": "The name of the bone ridge is with Mount Tai on the left, Huashan on the right, Mount Chang as the backing, and Mount Heng as the dynasty. This mountain is high in the middle and remains the bone ridge of heaven and earth. "Yan", the ancient meaning of bone spine is similar to that of Luliang, so it is named after Luliang Mountain. The establishment of Luliang City can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period.

At that time, there were Quyi, Pingling, Zhongyang and Guayan counties in the Luliang area. Luliang in the past dynasties belonged to Shizhou, Fenzhou, Lansan, Xizhou, Jinning Army, Taiyuan Prefecture, etc.

During the Anti-Japanese War and the War of Liberation, all counties in Luliang belonged to the Administrative Office of the Shanxi-Sui Border Region (formerly known as Northwest Shanxi). In September 1949, after the Shanxi Provincial People's Communist Party was established, Xingxian Prefecture and Fenyang Prefecture were established in Luliang.

On May 1, 1971, the Luliang area was established. In July 2004, the Luliang region and county-level Lishi City were abolished and prefecture-level Luliang City was established.

The city governs one district, namely Lishi District; two county-level cities, namely Fenyang City and Xiaoyi City; and ten counties, namely Jiaocheng, Wenshui, Zhongyang, Liulin, and Jiaokou , Xingxian, Lanxian, Linxian, Fangshan and Shilou. There are 148 towns (81 towns and 67 townships), 12 sub-district offices, 3110 administrative villages, and 81 neighborhood committees.

The historical development process of Luliang City. During the Spring and Autumn Period, it was the territory of the State of Zhao, with Zhongyang, Zishi, Daling, etc. in its territory. During the Yuan Dynasty, most of Luliang was under the jurisdiction of Taiyuan Road (later changed to Jining Road), with Jiaocheng County, Wenshui County, Xingzhou, Lanzhou, Linzhou, Shizhou (administering Lishi County and Ningxiang County), Fenzhou (the counties under its jurisdiction include Xihe County and Xiaoyi County).

Shilou is a county under the jurisdiction of Jinning Road. During the Qin Dynasty, it was the territory of Taiyuan County, with Daling, Zishi and other counties.

During the Ming Dynasty, except for Shilou County, which belonged to Xizhou, all the prefectures and counties in Luliang belonged to Taiyuan Prefecture. In May of the 23rd year of Wanli Dynasty, Fenzhou was promoted to a prefecture, and Fenyang County was established adjacent to Guo. The prefectures and counties, Linxian, Yongning Prefecture, and Ningxiang County and the counties under the jurisdiction of the original Taiyuan Prefecture were transferred to Fenzhou Prefecture. .

In the 40th year of Wanli Dynasty, Shilou County was transferred to Fenzhou Prefecture, and during the Western Han Dynasty, it was the territory of Taiyuan County. During the Qing Dynasty, the imperial system was followed and the construction remained unchanged.

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, it belonged to the three counties of Xihe, Taiyuan and Hedong. In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the establishment of Fenzhou Prefecture was cancelled, and Yongning Prefecture was abolished and changed to a county. In January of the third year (1914), Yongning County was changed to Lishi, and Ningxiang County was changed to Zhongyang.

In the seventh year of the Republic of China (1918), Fangshan County was added. During the Three Kingdoms period, it was the territory of Wei State and belonged to Hexi County.

During the Anti-Japanese War and the War of Liberation, all counties in Luliang belonged to the Administrative Office of the Shanxi-Sui Border Region (formerly known as Northwest Shanxi). During the Western Jin Dynasty, the counties within the territory belonged to the Xihe Kingdom and the Taiyuan Kingdom. The counties remained unchanged, except for Zishi County, which was changed to Xicheng.

In 1949, Xingxian Prefecture and Fenyang Prefecture were established in Luliang. Nine counties including Yang, Xiaoyi, Jiaocheng, Wenshui, Zhongyang and Shilou. During the Sixteen Kingdoms Period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Yongshi County was set up to seek changes to Xihe, and later Yan established Lishi Guards.

In 1951, the Fenyang Prefecture was abolished, and Jiaocheng, Wenshui, Fenyang, Xiaoyi and other counties were divided into In the Yuci Prefecture, Zhongyang County was placed in the Xingxian Prefecture; in the Sui Dynasty, Shilou County was divided into Lishi County, Xihe County, Taiyuan County, Loufan County, and Longquan County. > In 1952, the Xingxian Prefecture was abolished, and Xingxian and Lan counties were placed under the Yanbei Prefecture; Linxian, Fangshan, Lishi, and Zhongyang were placed under the Yuci Prefecture. During the Tang Dynasty, Luliang was divided into Shizhou, Fenzhou, Xizhou, and Lanzhou and Bingzhou (later changed to Taiyuan Prefecture)

In 1954, Lishi and Fangshan counties were merged into Lishan County.

In 1958, the territory remained unchanged. -On November 10, 1971, Wenshui and Jiaocheng counties were merged into Fenyang County, Zhongyang County and Lishan County were merged into Lishi County, Xiaoyi County was merged into Jiexiu County, and Lan County was merged into Jingle and Xing County and Shilou County were merged into Luliang County on September 19, 1959, and all other counties except Xiaoyi County were reestablished. In May 1961, Xiaoyi County was reestablished.

On May 1, 1971, the Luliang area was established, Fangshan County was restored, and Loufan and Jiaokou counties were newly established.

During the Song Dynasty, Luliang was divided into Shizhou, Fenzhou, Lansan, and Xizhou. , Jinning Army, Taiyuan Prefecture.

1972-1996 In April 1972, Loufan County was placed under Taiyuan City; on October 5, 1971, Liulin County was newly established.

In 1992, Xiaoyi was removed from the county and established as a city; in 1996, Lishi City was removed from the county and established as a city; in 1996, Fenyang was removed from the county and established as a city. During the Jin Dynasty, only because the Jinning Army was abolished, the counties under its jurisdiction were changed to Shizhou, and the affiliation of other states and counties remained unchanged.

In 2003, with the approval of the State Council, the regional organization was revoked and Luliang City was established. The city currently governs 1 district and 10 counties, and is entrusted by the provincial government to administer two provincial-level county-level cities. The history and culture of Taiyuan, Shanxi

Taiyuan: In ancient times, it was called Jinyang, Bingzhou, and Longcheng.

More than 2,500 years of city construction history. It was the first capital of the Zhao Kingdom, the other capital of the Northern Qi Dynasty, a heroic town in the Three Dynasties, a domineering mansion in the Five Dynasties, and the northern capital of the Wu Zhou Dynasty. During the Sui Dynasty, it was tied with Chang'an as one of the two largest cities in the country.

Li Shimin raised troops from Taiyuan to rebel against the Sui Dynasty, and sent his troops south to attack Chang'an (establishing the Tang Dynasty). Taiyuan was called "Tang" in ancient times (this shows the importance of Jinyang in Li Shimin's mind at that time) . Li Shimin's daughter was named "Princess Jinyang" after the place name of Taiyuan.

Wu Zetian was born in Wenshui County, Bingzhou (Bingzhou is now Taiyuan). Di Renjie was born in Taiyuan, Bingzhou in the Tang Dynasty.

Because many emperors in history were related to Taiyuan, Taiyuan was also called Dragon City. (For example, Li Shimin successfully raised troops in Taiyuan, Gao Huan and Gao Yang and his son took control of Taiyuan and controlled the government, and Wu Zetian made Taiyuan the northern capital).