Basic knowledge of water conservancy (1)

Basic knowledge of water conservancy 1

A, single choice (*** 40)

1, China has designated the annual (a) as China Water Week.

A, March 22 ~ 28 b, April 22 ~ 28

C, May 22 ~ 28 d, July 22 ~ 28

2, the main uses of water include domestic water, production water, (b).

A, irrigation water b, ecological water c, mining water d, shipping water

3. The freshwater resources available to human beings mainly refer to the freshwater resources that can be recycled year by year in a certain area.

A, update B, mine C, store D, and consume

4, measure the degree of water resources in a country or region is (B).

A, multi-year average precipitation b, multi-year average total runoff

C, the ratio of annual precipitation to evaporation D, the average evaporation for many years

5. The water resources mentioned in China's Water Law include (A).

A, surface water and groundwater b, fresh water and seawater

C, surface water and soil water D, river water and groundwater

6. The distribution of water resources in China is extremely uneven, and% of the national water resources are distributed in the Yangtze River and its south.

a、8 1 B、5 1 C、9 1 D、7 1

13, inter-basin water transfer, comprehensive planning and scientific demonstration should be carried out, and the water demand for transferring and transferring basins should be considered as a whole to prevent damage to (a).

A, ecology and environment B, transportation

C.d. agriculture

14, China's "Management Measures for Water Resources Demonstration of Construction Projects" is explained by (a).

A, Ministry of Water Resources B, River Basin Management Agency

C, the Ministry of construction d, the water administrative departments of the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government.

15. You don't need to apply for a water permit in the following situations: (d).

A, directly take water from underground b, directly take water from rivers.

C, directly take water from the lake d, take water for livestock and poultry to drink.

16, groundwater exploitation exceeds (b), which leads to the continuous decline of groundwater level, or environmental geological disasters or deterioration of ecological environment caused by groundwater development and utilization, which is the basis for judging and delineating groundwater overexploitation.

A. Replenishment quantity B. Mineable quantity

C, natural resources D, precipitation infiltration recharge

17. The state protects water resources and takes effective measures to protect vegetation, plant trees and grass, conserve water sources, prevent soil erosion and improve the ecological environment.

A, environmental pollution B, water pollution

C, air pollution D, soil pollution

18, the state establishes a drinking water (c) protected area system.

A, water quality b, water quantity c, water source d, water area

19, water pollution will lead to (c).

A, resource-based water shortage B, engineering-based water shortage

C, water quality water shortage D, wasteful water shortage

30. The state implements the development immigration policy for the migrants of water conservancy projects, properly arranges their production and life in accordance with the principle (c), and protects their legitimate rights and interests.

A. Early compensation and subsidies

B. Post-support

C. Combination of early compensation, subsidy and late support

D, production support and life support.

3 1. The achievements of major scientific and technological projects of the Ministry of Water Resources include invention patents, (b) and engineering design.

A, technical creation B, technical design C, development planning D, project operation

32, China's "soil and water conservation law" referred to in soil and water conservation, refers to the natural factors and human activities caused by soil erosion (D) and its prevention and control measures.

A, control B, management C, protection D, prevention

33. According to the law of soil and water conservation, only steep slopes above (c) degree should be reclaimed for planting crops.

a、 15 B、20 C、25 D、30

34, in mountainous areas, hilly areas, sand areas to build railways, highways, water projects, set up mining enterprises, electric power enterprises and other large and medium-sized industrial enterprises, in the environmental impact report of the construction project, there must be a plan (c) with the consent of the water administrative department.

A, environmental protection B, water resources planning

C, soil and water conservation D, project planning

35, control of soil erosion in barren hills, gullies, barren hills, wasteland contract, should be in accordance with the principle of (c), signed a contract for soil and water conservation.

A, the government makes reasonable subsidies; B. The individual shall bear the expenses alone.

C, who benefits from contract governance d, who benefits from contract governance.

36. By 2006, the installed hydropower capacity in China has reached 654.38+28.57 million kilowatts, accounting for (A) of the total installed power capacity.

a、2 1% B、3 1% C、4 1% D、5 1%

37, the direct purpose of hydropower station automation is (b).

A, increase power generation b, improve operation efficiency

C, increase the flood control storage capacity d and improve the water supply capacity.

38, China's high-lift pumping irrigation is mainly concentrated in (b) basin.

A, Liaohe B, Yellow C, Haihe D, Yangtze River

39, (b) is an effective way to increase drought-resistant water sources in arid and semi-arid areas.

A. building a sluice to divert water; B. collecting and storing rainwater; D, drilling wells for water; D, water diversion and storage.

40. The international river with the largest annual runoff in China is (A).

A, Heilongjiang B, Lancang C, Yarlung Zangbo D, Wusuli River

Second, multiple-choice questions (*** 20)

4 1, China has made remarkable achievements in water control, especially in (BCD), which has attracted wide attention from the international community.

A, control lake pollution B, solve the problem of the Yellow River cut off.

C, South-to-North Water Diversion D, Western Development Water Conservancy Construction

42, "Water Law" stipulates that the use of water supplied by water projects shall pay water charges to water supply units in accordance with state regulations. The price of water supply should be determined according to the principle of (ACD).

A, compensation cost B, benefit priority C, high quality and good price D, fair burden

43. Northwest China is short of water resources, but the water use efficiency is not high, and the water consumption per unit GDP is higher than the national average. It is necessary to solve the above problem (ABD).

A, adjust industrial structure, improve water use efficiency b, build a resource-saving society.

C, limit ecological water use d, and rationally allocate water resources.

44. Water-deficient cities should be shut down in a planned way and a number of large water users (BCD) should be transferred.

A, high investment B, high water consumption C, high pollution D and low efficiency

45, in order to maintain the balance of groundwater exploitation, should strictly control the amount of groundwater exploitation (CD).

A, surface layer B, shallow layer C, deep layer D, pressure bearing layer

46. According to the flood control law, the principle that flood control work should follow is (ABC).

A, overall planning, overall consideration B, prevention first, comprehensive management.

C, local interests are subordinate to the overall interests, D, storage is given priority to, and leakage prevention.

47, urban flood control planning should be based on (BC).

A. Social macro-development planning B. Overall planning of river basin flood control

C, the overall planning of urban construction D, regional economic development planning

48, ice flood treatment measures and protective measures is (AC).

A, preventive ice-breaking; b, heating to melt ice; d, emergency blasting; and icebreaker to break ice.

49. Xiaolangdi water control project is built on complex stratum? The most challenging? Grand project, the best in the world (BCD).

A, the world's largest high dam b, the world's most magnificent intake tower group.

C, three world's largest orifice tunnels D, the world's largest stilling basin

50. The Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project runs through provinces and regions.

A, Shaanxi B, Hubei C, Henan D, Hebei

56, drinking water safety focus on solving (ABC) and schistosomiasis drinking water safety problems.

A, high fluorine B, high arsenic C, bitter and salty D, high iodine

57, the main content of rural water conservancy is (ABC).

A, irrigation B, waterlogging control

C, drinking water for people and livestock and water supply for villages and towns D, urban water transport

58, the choice of irrigation water source in the newly developed irrigation area, to meet the requirements such as (ABD).

A, water quality requirements B, water level requirements

C, water pressure requirements d, water requirements

59, farmland drainage method is mainly (ABC).

A, open ditch drainage b, shaft drainage c, pipeline drainage d, evaporation drainage.

60. The basic methods of river closure are (AB).

A, vertical river closure B, horizontal river closure C, longkou river closure D, trestle erection.

III. True or False (*** 40)

6 1, water accounts for three-quarters of the earth's surface, so the earth has? Water planet? Name (? )

62. As an important infrastructure for national economic and social development, water conservancy plays a very important role in building a harmonious socialist society. ( ? )

63. It is necessary to further implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, improve the development mode, change the development mode, accelerate the pace of development, and comprehensively promote the sustainable development of water conservancy. ( ? )

64. Water resources are the controlling factors of basic natural resources, strategic economic resources and ecological environment. ( ? )

65. The newly revised Water Law was promulgated and implemented in 2003. (10)

66. Stop taking things from nature, consciously restrain human activities, and strive to realize the relationship between man and water.

Live in harmony. ( ? )

67, the comprehensive planning of important rivers and lakes determined by the state, approved by the State Council. ( ? )

68. The development, utilization, conservation and protection of water resources and the prevention and control of water disasters shall conform to the unified planning of river basins and regions. Planning is divided into national strategic planning and professional planning. (10)

69. Most rivers in China are mainly supplied by rainwater, while rivers in northwest China are mainly supplied by glaciers. (? )

70. Strengthening the unified management and unified dispatching of water resources in river basins is one of the main measures to solve the problem of the Yellow River cut-off. ( ? )

7 1. Water right refers to the ownership, use, management and transfer of water resources. It can also be called water resources property right. ( ? )

72, the development and utilization of water resources in arid and semi-arid areas, should fully consider the needs of production water. (10)

73. The state advocates developing rural hydropower resources, building small hydropower stations and promoting rural electrification. (? )

74, according to the requirements of the country to establish a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, correct the misunderstanding of first destruction, then repair, first pollution, then treatment. ( ? )

75. Among the total social water consumption in China, industrial production is a major water user. (10)

76. In areas with insufficient water resources, the development of agriculture, industry and service industries with large city size and water consumption should be restricted. ( ? )

77. The impact of climate change on water resources is negligible. (10)

78. The construction procedures of water conservancy projects are generally divided into the following eight stages: project proposal, feasibility study report, preliminary design, construction preparation, construction implementation, production preparation, completion acceptance and post-evaluation. ( ? )

79, new construction, expansion and reconstruction projects shall formulate water-saving measures, supporting the construction of water-saving facilities. ( ? )

80. The purpose of economic evaluation of water conservancy projects is to evaluate and select various technically feasible schemes according to the size of economic benefits. ( ? )

87, the exploitation of groundwater in coastal areas, should prevent land subsidence and seawater intrusion. ( ? )

88. The largest lakes in the Huaihe River Basin are Hongze Lake, Nansi Lake, Roman Lake and Chaohu Lake. (10)

89. All units and individuals have the obligation to protect flood control facilities and participate in flood control and flood fighting according to law. (? )

90. The key to controlling flood disasters lies in strengthening control measures and flood storage and detention. (10)

9 1, correctly handle the relationship between the state, the collective and the individual, and the resettlement areas should obey the overall economic development of the reservoir area. (10)

92. To improve the quality of China's water environment, attention should be paid to controlling pollutant emissions and reducing the environmental pollution load. ( ? )

93. Planting aquatic plants in water will increase the pollution load in water. (10)

94. Preventing soil erosion is one of the effective measures to solve non-point source pollution. ( ? )

95. Farmland irrigation system is mainly composed of water intake project, water transmission and distribution project, field irrigation project and soil and water conservation project. (10)

96. Sprinkler irrigation is an irrigation method, which uses special equipment to spray pressurized water into the air to form tiny raindrops, just as rain wets the soil. ( ? )

97. The inland areas of northwest China are dry and lack of rain, and irrigation is an important measure to ensure agricultural production. (? )

98. Drought and water shortage are the natural basis of land desertification. ( ? )

99. If a permanent river dam is built on the migratory passage of aquatic organisms, the construction unit shall build fish facilities at the same time, or take other remedial measures with the approval of the department authorized by the State Council, and properly arrange the expenses for protecting aquatic organisms during construction and water storage. ( ? )

100, debris flow can be divided into mud flow and water-rock flow by composition. (10)