Prosperity and decline? Why is "South Africa", which was once highly anticipated by the world, now declining?

According to the London Economic Quarterly Review, South Africa's GDP in 20 18 years totaled 366.298 billion US dollars, with a per capita income of 6,340 US dollars, and the annual GDP growth rate was only 1.3%.

Judging from the above data, the economic development of South Africa and China is not developed. What caused the "decline" of South Africa, which was once recognized as a quasi-developed country in the world?

You know, South Africa not only has a relatively complete industrial system and manufacturing industry, but also is the world's largest gold exporter and diamond producer, of which South Africa's gold reserves account for more than half of the world's total reserves!

The transformation from an agricultural country to an industrial country has been initially completed, and its economic development is second only to Japan and Singapore.

In the 1960s and 1970s, South Africa was undoubtedly widely regarded as a "quasi-developed country", and its economic growth rate was among the best in the world. From 65438 to 0965, South Africa's manufacturing industry developed to a certain level, and its GDP once surpassed that of domestic agriculture and mining industry, which also marked the initial completion of South Africa's transformation from an agricultural country to an industrial country.

According to Reuters, in the mid-1970s, South Africa's industrial output accounted for 45% of Africa's total industrial output, of which steel production almost monopolized the African market, accounting for more than 90% of Africa's total output! At the same time, during this period, South Africa's economic growth rate reached an unprecedented 7.8%, ranking third in the world after Japan and Singapore.

What are the reasons why economic development is declining instead of increasing?

But this amazing speed of development in Africa did not last long, because since the 1990s, South Africa's economic growth rate has experienced negative growth! This change took only five years, that is, after Mandela came to power.

Mandela, 1993 Nobel Peace Prize winner, is also the first black president in South Africa's history. He really liberated the black people. What caused South Africa's economy to decline instead of increase after Mandela came to power?

South Africa, the predecessor of the Republic of South Africa, was once a British colony. At that time, "white supremacy" prevailed in European society, and white people were considered as the most advanced creatures in the world. This also led to South Africa's successive policies of racial discrimination and apartheid under the long-term British colonial rule, that is, whites naturally ruled blacks.

Faced with the injustice of the South African government, all blacks held high the banner of resistance, forcing the government to adopt the Charter of Freedom: all ethnic groups and races can enjoy equal rights and status. However, the freedom charter not only didn't play any role, but was even ridiculed by white people as wishful thinking.

The changes brought about by the black President Nelson Mandela, white people were suppressed and had to emigrate.

The rule of whites over blacks lasted until 1994 when Mandela won the presidential election. After Mandela came to power, he introduced a fair employment law, forcing all walks of life in South Africa to allocate certain jobs to blacks. On the surface, it did change the status of blacks, but it did not consider whether blacks were qualified for these positions. In the long run, these black people who are not qualified for their posts will definitely reduce the economic development of South Africa.

Shortly after the implementation of the law, whites were forced to leave their jobs in South Africa because of the influx of blacks. In addition, the government's previous policy of cracking down on illegal immigrants was cancelled, making illegal immigrants from other African countries become legal citizens, further strengthening the status quo of "black households dominating posts".

In South Africa under Mandela's rule, the economic revival of blacks is in full swing, but a large number of white people with higher education can only choose immigration because they can't be reused. This has also reduced the number of white people from one-fifth to one-tenth in South Africa in five years! The loss of a large number of white elites has made South Africa's economic development decline instead of increase. South Africa has also regressed from a developed rich country to a poor country.