What defects did Yuan Feng Shui master solve in Beijing, and since then Beijing has risen and prospered?

Since ancient times, all dynasties have chosen Guanzhong as the capital, which is located in the center of the whole Central Plains region. Therefore, all feudal dynasties chose Guanzhong as their capital, but the Yuan Dynasty was a nomadic people in the north, and was not interested in Guanzhong and Henan Zhongyuan, so it chose Beijing, once the capital of Liao and Jin Dynasties, as its capital.

After the elimination of gold, Mongolia has occupied most of northern China, with a vast territory. Why did it choose Beijing as its capital?

First, let's take a look at the development history of China's capital. In the pre-Qin period, due to people's survival needs, all the pre-Qin philosophers chose the plains and Guanzhong areas with relatively developed agriculture.

However, since the Tang Dynasty, due to the development of the southern region, Guanzhong region no longer has economic advantages, and the threat from the north has gradually changed from Huns in the northwest to Turks and Khitans in the northeast.

In this way, the capital of Guanzhong will no longer have the advantage of radiating the whole country and shocking the frontier. Therefore, from Wu Zetian, Luoyang was the capital, and Kaifeng, with developed waterway transportation, was the capital of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms and even the Northern Song Dynasty.

In peacetime, Kaifeng, as the capital, played a great advantage, but in wartime, because Kaifeng was located in Henan Plain, there was no danger around it, it had to station troops outside the city, which increased the consumption of the court.

After the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, the State of Jin once again took Kaifeng as its capital, just to fight against the Southern Song Dynasty. Kaifeng has never existed as an economic and political center since the Jin Dynasty.

In the history of China's capital development, Beijing began to appear in Liao and Jin Dynasties. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Beijing was located in the border area, belonging to Youzhou, and was an important town in the border area. But as the capital, it was never considered before the Sui and Tang Dynasties.

After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, because the Khitans rose in the northeast, they made Beijing their capital, which was then called "Nanjing". In Dragon's Eight Branches, Xiao Feng's South Courtyard is located in Beijing.

After Liao Dynasty, Jinding made Beijing its capital. 1 153, Wan Yanliang, the king of Hailing, moved to Beijing from Huining House in Shangjing, and Beijing's historical position became more and more important.

In fact, for the Jurchen of the State of Jin, the geographical position of Beijing is extremely important, because Jurchen rises in the northeast, and Beijing can be said to be an excellent place to control the northeast and northwest.

Beijing is surrounded by the Yanshan Mountains in the north and the steep Taihang Mountains in the west, while the fertile plains in the south and the Bohai Sea in the east can be said to be easy to defend but difficult to attack, which can radiate the Central Plains to the south, making it easy to control the southern region and guard the pass. Therefore, jurchen talents rising in the northeast will attach so much importance to Beijing.

By the time the Mongols arrived, Mongolia had already controlled all the land north of China. The geographical position of Beijing was not so important to the Mongols, but when the Mongols chose the capital, they should consider how the Mongols and southerners could better manage it in a unified way, and Beijing was an excellent place.

Because Zhangjiakou in the north of Beijing is the frontier plain, where the Mongols rose, and the plain in the south of Beijing can radiate the whole country. Coupled with the role of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, it is easier to control the south and water transport. So Kublai Khan has plans to make Beijing his capital.

However, the ancients paid more attention to Feng Shui, especially as an important event like the capital. Kublai Khan, a Mongolian, is no exception. He hired two Han masters, Liu and Guo Shoujing, to measure the topography of Beijing.