Why did Huguang fill Sichuan?

Huguang's filling in Sichuan refers to a large-scale migration in the Qing Dynasty, in which Huguang's province is the most populous province in Sichuan. It is said that residents of more than a dozen provinces such as Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangxi are among the immigrants. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, Sichuan experienced wars and its population dropped sharply. Therefore, a series of measures have been taken from the central government to the local governments to attract immigrants, among which Huguangxing Province has the largest population.

Sichuan immigrants:

According to "Sichuan Tongzhi": "Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, there have been many toothed fireworks in Shu. After the war in the late Ming Dynasty, Dingkou was as rare as the morning star. "

According to the population statistics in the twenty-four years of Kangxi, the population of Sichuan Province, which experienced large-scale wars, was only over 90,000. During the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, the Sichuan Basin finally calmed down and a number of new local officials began to take office.

In the eyes of these ambitious officials, I don't know how rich Sichuan is.

However, when they rode to the new official residence, they found that the legendary land of abundance was so desolate, broken and riddled with holes.

In the seventh year of Kangxi, Dedi Zhang, the governor of Sichuan Province, played Emperor Kangxi with great anxiety, showing a strong sense of hardship.

He said: "I am honored to be appointed as the highest local official in Sichuan by the emperor and come to this war-torn place to show my great ambition. But now, when I stand in the devastated past, I can't increase my income, and it's hard to collect taxes, which makes me feel embarrassed, unable to eat or sleep. I was sent by the emperor, but I am loyal to the country and the court.

After several days of thinking, I feel that there seems to be no other way to revive the good reputation of Sichuan Tianfu except to attract immigrants to reclaim land and rebuild their homes. ""Ming and Qing historical materials, this book ".

Governor Zhang also mentioned some immigration methods in his memorial.

For example, local officials in neighboring provinces of Sichuan can be ordered to check those Sichuanese who left their homes because of the war and register them, and then Sichuan can "send officials to take over them" or the government can directly introduce immigration policies and move people from densely populated provinces to Sichuan through administrative means.

Emperor Kangxi, sitting on the dragon chair in the Forbidden City, is also struggling with the taxation and reconstruction of the whole country.

He received memorials from local officials in Sichuan, called relevant departments to listen to relevant reports, officially promulgated an imperial edict entitled "Recruiting people to fill Sichuan in the 33rd year of Kangxi", and ordered large-scale immigration from Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong and other places to Sichuan.

Extended data:

As a place name, Huguang refers to the two lakes (Hubei and Hunan) in Ming and Qing Dynasties and later. The history is as follows: In the Yuan Dynasty, Huguang and other places set up Zhongshu Province (Huguang Province for short), which governed Hunan, Hubei, Guangxi, Hainan, most of Guizhou, part of Sichuan and Leizhou Peninsula in Guangdong. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it only governed Hubei and Hunan, but it still used the name of Huguang. Today it is called "Huguang", especially the two lakes. During the Ming Dynasty, Huguang, the first-level administrative region, was the abbreviation of the Ministry of Public Affairs and Political Affairs. Governor of Huguang in Qing Dynasty.

Huguang has been a land of plenty since ancient times. The saying that "Huguang is ripe and the world is sufficient" was first seen in the Map Summary written by Li Fuyuan in the Ming Dynasty: "Chu is so prosperous and farming is very wide. At the age of one, he won Chai Sang again, and wuyue gave him more praise. As the saying goes,' the lake is wide and ripe, and the world is full'. During the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, there was a saying that "Hunan is ripe and the world is full". At that time, the whole northern Hunan area, including Changsha, was already an important grain producing area in China.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Huguang