The history of Tel Aviv

Disengoff Square, named after Mel Disengoff, the first mayor of Tel Aviv. Jaffa is one of the oldest ports in the world with a history of at least 4,000 years. /kloc-In the 9th century, the population of Jaffa increased from 2,500 in 1806 to17,000. The city could no longer accommodate the new population, so in the1870s, the city walls were demolished and a larger new urban area was built outside the city.

The development of Tel Aviv began in the 1980s in 19. At first, it was just a Jewish residential area outside Jaffa. At that time, a group of Jews did not want to live in the expensive Arab community in Jaffa, but built houses in Neve Shalom and Nefftzer Dek in the northern suburb of Jaffa and south of Tel Aviv. 1908, Ahuzat Bayit () Housing Construction Association purchased land in the north of Jaffa. In April 1909, 1 1, the construction of the new city officially started. 19 10, the name of the new city was officially determined as "Tel Aviv". When Tel Aviv was first built, it was only recognized as a suburb or sleeping city of Jaffa, and it was a residential area for workers working in Jaffa. Influenced by the garden city movement in contemporary Europe, the founder designed a wide boulevard.

19 14, the development of Tel Aviv was interrupted by the Ottoman government's expulsion of its population. However, after the British occupation of Palestine in 19 17, Jews returned to Tel Aviv and developed again. During the period of British trusteeship, the political friction between Jews and Arabs in various parts of Palestine increased day by day. 192 1 In the Jaffa riots in May, dozens of Jews were killed by Arab thugs. Shortly thereafter, thousands of Jews in Jaffa moved to Tel Aviv in the north, forming a new central business district. The urban development planning of this city is a frame structure based on main roads, which was designed by Patrick Geddes in 1925 and adopted by the city council and mayor Mel Disengoff. Since then, Tel Aviv is adjacent to Jaffa Port, and as the first Jewish city, a large number of new immigrants have come to Israel, which has promoted the rapid development of Tel Aviv and made it gradually become the economic and cultural center of Israel, and this position has been maintained to this day. Due to the Arab riots in 1936- 1939, 1938 built a port in Tel Aviv. By this time, Tel Aviv had surpassed Jaffa.

According to 1947 United Nations General Assembly resolution 18 1, a Jewish state and an Arab state were established in Palestine. Tel Aviv, with a population of 230,000, became a part of the Jewish state, while Jaffa, with a population of 654.38+million (including 30,000 Jews), was classified as an enclave of Arab countries. The plan was resisted by Arabs, so the violence escalated rapidly. 1948 In April, Jews began to attack Jaffa, and many Arabs fled Jaffa by sea. By the time Jaffa was captured on May 14, 2004, only 4 100 of the 70,000 Arab residents in the city remained there.

1948 In May 14, Israel declared its independence in Tel Aviv. During the First Middle East War, the Arabs blocked Jerusalem for eight months (1May 948-65438+February), so Tel Aviv immediately became the temporary capital of Israel. 1949 When Jerusalem was declared as the capital in February, most embassies stayed in Tel Aviv due to international disputes over the status of Jerusalem. 1980 After the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 478, the embassies of various countries that had moved to Jerusalem moved back to Tel Aviv. Except for two countries, all embassies in Israel are located in Tel Aviv or the surrounding areas.

1949 In April, Tel Aviv and Jaffa merged to form Tel Aviv-Jaffa City, and some surrounding villages whose population decreased during the war were also incorporated into the city. At this time, the area of Tel Aviv has expanded to 42 square kilometers (16.2 square miles).

Tel Aviv in the twentieth century can be said to be the victim of violent attacks and terrorist activities, and it has been the target of Palestinian militant groups several times. 1994101October19, a suicide bomb exploded on the No.5 bus, killing the murderer himself and 25 other citizens. 1996 during the Purim holiday on March 4, another suicide bomb exploded near an ATM, killing 18 citizens. 200 1 June1day, during the second great uprising, a suicide bomb exploded in a disco, killing 32 people and injuring more than 100. On June 25, 2002, another 20 people were killed in a suicide attack near the old central bus terminal. On 5 June 2003, 23 people were killed in two attacks. On April 7, 2006, another suicide attack occurred near the old central bus station, killing 10 people and injuring 12 people. In these suicide attacks, many victims are foreign workers.