General situation of military cities in Amur region of Russia

Amur region (амурскаяобласт1000) belongs to the Russian Far East Federal District.

Geographical location Amur Prefecture is located in the southeast of Russian Federation, bordering China in the south and southwest, Chita Prefecture in the west, Sakha Republic in the north, Khabarovsk Krai in the northeast and east, and Utah Autonomous Prefecture in the southeast.

The northern part of Amur is the Stanov Mountains, with an altitude of 2312m, and the southern part is the Yagenga Mountains, Dukulingola Mountains, Suoke Dahan Mountains and Dagodo Mountains. About two-fifths of the territory is occupied by the Jaysk-Bresk Plain and the Amur-Jaysk Plain. The main rivers in China are amur river, Jaya and brea.

Amur Prefecture is located in temperate zone, with a monsoon continental climate. There is little wind in this state all the year round, and the annual average wind speed is not higher than 3.6 m/s. The temperature in this state changes from south to north. 1 month, the average temperature in the south is -27.6℃, the average temperature in the north is -32.8℃, and the temperature drops by 0.76℃ every 100 km. The average temperature in July is 20.7℃ in the south and 17.6℃ in the north, and the annual rainfall is about 850 mm The soil in this state is gray forest soil, coniferous trees and northeast hybrid trees grow in the state, and Korean pine grows in the mountainous area. The state has unique flora and fauna, and its neighboring countries are conducive to the development of international tourism that attracts foreign investment.

Natural Resources Among the natural resources in Amur Prefecture, minerals occupy an important position. There are more than 60 world-famous mineral resources here, including Carboniferous, lignite, gold, kaolin, building materials, iron, titanium, copper, apatite, zeolite, plagioclase and stone products. Gorinsk's iron ore reserves reach 389 million tons, with an average iron content of 3.7 1%, and there are other iron ores in ShysManof, Sherezhev and other places. It is predicted that the total iron ore reserves will reach 3.8 billion tons. There are also many nonmetallic mineral resources in Amur Prefecture, mainly apatite, kaolin, asbestos, diatomite, clay, sandstone, etc., which can be used for mining and making building materials, chemical raw materials, metallurgical materials, mineral pigments, etc.

It is estimated that the economic potential of mineral resources alone in Amur Prefecture can reach 400 billion US dollars. In Amur, there are gold, silver, platinum, titanium, coal, zeolite, kaolin and rare earth elements, including uranium and diamonds. According to the exploration and calculation of geographers, the origin of various nonmetallic mineral raw materials and building materials is 123. Amur Prefecture is rich in coal resources, and the undiscovered Carboniferous and lignite resources are about 70 billion tons, which attracts a lot of foreign investment.

The resource-producing areas of Azhou are Ozk, Svobodnje, sergeyev and Yergo Wietske.

Metals: Amur is rich in titanium, iron and polymetallic, most of which are not far from the railway. Developing this project requires a lot of investment, but its profit rate is as high as 8%. Now, it is planned to develop a titanium magnetic ore field in Hask, khurana.

Water resources: Amur region accounts for three-quarters of the water resources in the Russian Far East, and some of them have been used in Dzerzhinsk power station. In addition, according to the fact that the demand for electricity and energy in Amur reaches 2320 MW, Kilyusk and Sologo Vilske state-owned power stations were built at 1988.

Gold: Amur region is one of the largest gold mining regions in Russia, with enterprises processing gold raw materials and producing precious jewelry products.

Wood: The forest coverage area of Amur Prefecture is 210.9 million hectares, accounting for 73% of its land area. The main tree species are larch, spruce, fir and Mongolian Scotch pine. Mongolian oak, oak, birch and ash. At present, the key investment problem in this state is the further processing of wood, and the prospect of producing new sawn timber for sale in Southeast Asia market is considerable.

Medicinal materials and raw materials: Amur Prefecture has a large number of medicinal materials and raw materials, which can establish small and medium-sized export-oriented enterprises.

Territorial and Administrative Division Amur Region was established on 1932+654381October 20th, with a territory area of 363,700 square kilometers, accounting for 2. 13% of the total territory of the Russian Federation. Amur region is located in the southeast of the Russian Federation, between east longitude 1 19 35' and north latitude 134 55', and it is one of the five administrative regions of Russia in the Far East. Chita is adjacent to the west, Sakha Republic (Yakutia) to the north, Khabarovsk Krai to the east and China to the south. The border with China is1243km long. The capital city is Blagoveshchensk, just across the river from Heihe City, Heilongjiang Province, China.

The number of administrative units is 20 administrative districts, 7 national affiliated cities, 2 regional affiliated cities, 27 towns and 282 administrative farms.

The center of the state is Blagoveshchensk, which was founded in 1858, and the distance from Moscow to Blagoveshchensk is 7985 kilometers. The city has two districts, namely Lenin District and Border District.

Other state-owned cities are: Belogorsk, founded in 1926, 1994 with a population of 75,500; Jieya City, established in1906; Reich Hinsk, founded in1944; Svobodne was founded in 19 12, 1994 with a population of 80700; Tengda City, founded in1975; The city of Himanovsk was founded in 1950. The cities in this area are: Zawijinsk, built in1926; Skovorodino, built in 1927. The larger cities are: Blagoveshchensk, Svobodne, Belogorsk and Tengda.

Population Azhou governs 9 cities and 20 districts, covering an area of 363,700 square kilometers, which is equivalent to 4/5 of the area of Heilongjiang Province (65% of the land is covered by virgin forests), but it belongs to a less populated area in the Russian Federation, with a total population of about 1.05 million and a population density of 2.9 people/square kilometer. The population distribution in Amur Prefecture is uneven, with the most dense population in the south, 5- 12 people /km2, and the population in the northwest and northeast, mountainous areas and virgin forest areas is sparse.

There are 33 settlements 1 10,000 or more in Amur, including 6 settlements 1 10,000 to 30,000, 5 settlements/30,000 to 654.38 million, and only 1 200,000 or more in Blagoveshchensk.

Most residential areas are located along the Siberian Railway and the North Arab Railway, including 8 along the North Arab Railway and 1 1 along the Siberian Railway. There are four residential areas with a population of more than 30,000 in the south of Amur, including 265,438+0.29 million in Blagoveshchensk, 73,200 in Freedom City, 75,400 in baishan city, 75,400 in Reichsinsk and 25,700 in Manof. The urban population in southern Amur alone is 4610.6 million, accounting for 39% of the state's population. These cities surround the city of Blagoveshchensk from the northeast, and the farthest Raikkhinsk is about 150 km away from Blagoveshchensk. There are 25,700 people in Tusk and Manof, and 46 1.600 people in southern Amur, accounting for 39% of the state's population.

Economic situation Amur Prefecture is a member of the Far East Economic Zone. In the state's national income structure, industry accounts for 38%, transportation and communication accounts for 23%, construction accounts for 2 1%, and agriculture accounts for 12%.

In recent years, the economy of Amur has maintained sustained development, but the growth rate has slowed down year by year. In 2005, the regional GDP was 80.2 billion rubles, up by 2.4%, the lowest point in the past three years. Among them, the contribution rate of industry is 18%, that of transportation and communication is 23.5%, that of construction is-10%, that of agriculture and forestry is -7.7%, and that of wholesale and retail is-13.6%.

The situation in various fields is as follows: in that year, the national fiscal revenue was 65.438+084 billion rubles (about 680 million US dollars), an increase of 20.3%, and the fiscal expenditure was 65.438+086.5438+000 billion rubles (about 670 million US dollars), an increase of 654.38+04.9%. The state government's financial self-sufficiency rate was 57.9%, an increase of 1.5 percentage points over the previous year. Employment: 427,000 people are employed in the economic field, up by 0.7%, and the official statistics show that the number of unemployed people is 1.95 million, up by 5.4%. Income and salary: the average monthly salary in the economic field is 9046 rubles (about 335 US dollars), an increase of 23%. The per capita monthly income of residents was 6 100 rubles (about US$ 226), an increase of 16.6% over the previous year.

Because Amur is rich in natural resources, it attracts foreign investors and individuals to invest, which is of great significance in the economic field of the state:

(I) Foreign Trade In 2005, the foreign trade volume of Amur Prefecture was US$ 272 million, up by 65%, including US$ 654.38+58 million in exports, up by 53%, and US$ 0.40 million in imports, up by 85%. China is its largest trading partner, and its trade volume with China is US$ 222 million, up by 9 1%, of which exports to China are US$ 654.38+35 million, up by 88%, and imports from China are US$ 87 million, up by 97%.

(II) Attracting Foreign Investment In 2005, the state attracted foreign investment of 95.3 million US dollars, an increase of 52% over the previous year. According to the mode of investment, 89.7% is the credit provided by foreign-funded enterprises, and 65,438+00.3% is the local registered capital of foreign-funded enterprises. The main investors are Britain (7 1.9%), Canada (26.4%), China (1.6%) and North Korea (0. 1%). As of June 6th, 2006+10, China's total investment in Amur region was USD 4 million. In 2005, the investment was $654.38+$500,000, double that of 2004. Among them, the investment in agriculture is 65438+ 1 100 million USD, and the investment in construction industry is 40 million USD.

(3) attracting foreign labor. In recent years 10, the number of labor immigrants in this state has increased by an average of 40% every year. In 2005, 238 enterprises in Quanzhou employed a total of 6,543,800+3,000 foreign laborers, including 84,000 China citizens, accounting for 64%, mainly engaged in logging, construction, agriculture, trade, catering and other industries.

The transportation in Amur Prefecture is mainly based on railways and highways. The total length of the railway in Quanzhou is 333 1 km, and the total length of the highway is 1.06 1.3 km. At present, the national highway from Chita to Khabarovsk is under construction, which is expected to be put into use in 2065, with a capacity of 438+00. In addition, there are 2,600 kilometers of rivers and 4 river ports in the state, including 3 international ports.

There are two large railway trunk lines passing through Amur region, one is the Siberian railway trunk line, from Khabarovsk to the seaport of Primorsky Krai; The other is the Balkan-Amur trunk line, starting from Vanino Station and Soviet ports. There are four river transportation routes in the state, which undertake the import and export of goods to China. In addition, there is a "Haihe" fleet that can enter the Sea of Japan along the coast of amur river. In the country's administrative planning, we will vigorously develop the "Haihe" route to connect ports in China, Japan and North Korea.

Blagoveshchensk has an international aviation system, which currently leads to 24 cities in Japan, North Korea and the Russian Federation, as well as 15 settlements in the state. The state also plans to continue to develop the aviation industry to promote the development of foreign trade with countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Railway freight volume accounts for 57.2% of the total freight volume, roads account for 37.7%, rivers account for 5.0%, and aviation accounts for 0. 1%. Of the passenger traffic, railway accounts for 5.7%, highway accounts for 93.9%, river transportation accounts for 0.2%, and air transportation accounts for 0.2%.

There are 22 road transport enterprises with 2,570 vehicles in Amur Prefecture, which are responsible for freight and passenger transport services. Amur Prefecture has railways, highways, inland rivers and aviation extending in all directions. Russia's longest trans-Siberian railway starts in Chelyabinsk and ends in Vladivostok, with a total length of 7 100 km and reaches Amur region 1500 km. Blagoveshchensk is connected with trans-siberian railway by Bubi branch line with a distance of 65,438+009 km. Beia railway is parallel to the north of trans-siberian railway, starting from Taishet station in trans-siberian railway and ending at the Soviet port (tatar strait) on the Pacific coast, with a total length of 4,300 kilometers, and in Amur state it is 1.484 kilometers. The city of Blagoveshchensk is connected with the North-Afghanistan Railway through the Bateng (Bam-Tengda) branch line1.80km, and enters the national railway transportation network.

There are central air stations in Blagoveshchensk and Reich Hinsk, Tengda, Magda Gach and Echim Chang in Amur region. Blagoveshchensk has a large modern airport with more than 50 routes, which can directly reach Moscow, Novosibirsk, Yakutsk, Irkutsk, Vladivostok, Khabarovsk, Krasnoyarsk and other cities. And opened international routes such as Japan, South Korea and Harbin, China.

Culture and Education The education in Azhou is relatively developed, which is divided into preschool education, full-time universal education, primary vocational education, secondary vocational education and higher education. There are 6 institutions of higher learning (including 2 senior military schools), 23 secondary specialized schools, 26 vocational and technical schools and 552 ordinary primary and secondary schools with nearly 200,000 students. On average, one out of every five people in this state is studying at school. Among the 12000 teachers, there are more than 400 professors, associate professors, doctors and associate professors engaged in teaching and research.