The Development and Evolution of Japanese Cultural Prototype

During the Warring States Period, Qin wiped out Yan Qi Yue, and a large number of Yan Qi Yue people fled to the Korean Peninsula and Japan. After the destruction of the Shang Dynasty in the Western Zhou Dynasty in China, Ji Zi, a follower of the Shang Dynasty, went to the Korean Peninsula and established a "country to help the world" with the local indigenous people. From the 3rd century BC to the 5th century A.D./kloc-0, the northern part of the Korean Peninsula belonged to China. During this period and later in the Qing Dynasty, the northern part of China was ravaged by war, and a large number of China people immigrated to the Korean peninsula one after another, and later immigrated to Japan from here. There is also an immigration route from eastern China directly across the sea to the Japanese archipelago. There were no characters in Japan before, so Chinese characters were always used. Now about 80% of Japanese accents are Chinese tone sandhi. Japanese pronunciation mainly comes from the integration of Chinese dialect accent, Tungusic accent, wuyue accent, a few Malay accents of Nanyang Islands and Indo-Chinese accent from Shang and Zhou Dynasties to Qing Dynasty, so Japanese culture has been deeply influenced by China. Under the great influence of Chinese civilization, by the 4th to 5th century A.D., the Japanese archipelago had passed the barbaric stage and entered the civilized stage. At the end of the 3rd century, Dr. Wang Ren, a doctor of Baekje, spread ten volumes of The Analects of Confucius and one volume of Thousand-character Works to Japan. In the 5th century, Japanese aristocrats were able to use Chinese characters well. In the seventh year (5 13) after the emperor ascended the throne, Baekje was asked to send sinologists who were familiar with Confucian classics to Japan on a regular basis, and then added experts in various fields such as doctor of medicine, doctor of calendar, astronomy and geography, yin and yang and five elements. During the Asuka period, Shoto Kutaishi directly sent overseas students to China, which fully absorbed the Chinese civilization system and laid the foundation for the development of Japanese culture.

Rope culture, Yayoi culture and ancient grave culture are three periods of Japanese primitive culture.

Thousands of years BC was the age of rope patterns. At that time, the pottery unearthed had a colorful straw rope appearance, which was called rope pattern pottery in history. The rope pattern era is the Stone Age in Japan. Rope people live in hard caves and still make a living by fishing, hunting and gathering, but they don't know how to farm. The lag of productivity also made its society stay at the stage of matriarchal clan commune at that time. Witchcraft dominates people's primitive social life and spiritual life.

From the 2nd century BC to the 3rd century AD, Japanese history entered the yayoi era. Archaeologists unearthed a new type of pottery with different rope patterns in Yayoi Town, bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, which was called Yayoi Pottery in history. This may be because the ethnic groups who moved in from the mainland brought a new yayoi culture. Although the new culture overcame the original rope pattern culture and became the mainstream of Japanese culture, foreigners were eventually assimilated by indigenous people. In the Yayoi period, the productivity was greatly improved, and the advanced continental civilization spread to Japan through the Korean Peninsula, which prompted Japan to quickly enter the agricultural society dominated by rice farming economy, and history entered the Iron Age. Yayoi people engaged in farming, growing food, and gradually formed a large village with labor force. Patriarchal social system replaced matriarchal social system, and class differences and political rule gradually formed. At that time, nature worship and witchcraft superstition still dominated people's spiritual life, especially the prevalence of farming sacrifice activities, which became a major feature of Yayoi culture.

From the 3rd and 4th centuries to the 6th and 7th centuries, many ancient graves with high graves, represented by the former round graves, were built in various places, marking the era when Japan entered the ancient grave culture from Yayoi culture. Building an ancient grave requires recruiting a large number of laborers, and exquisite handicrafts such as mirrors, swords and gouyu are also buried in the grave, which symbolizes the great power of the deceased before his death. This is in sharp contrast to the simple burial after death of ordinary people, which shows that a powerful autocratic centralization has been formed, that is, Yamato, with Ju Chi as the center, finally unified Japan in the early 5th century. During this period, Japan not only introduced material civilization from the mainland, but also began to introduce spiritual civilization from the mainland. On the one hand, Han people and Koreans who immigrated to Japan, the so-called "naturalized people", began to use Chinese characters to record. On the other hand, China's knowledge of Yin and Yang and astronomy was introduced into Japan. In the 6th century, Confucian classics and Buddhism were also introduced into Japan through the Korean Peninsula, which opened the curtain of Japanese spiritual culture.

After Japan was reunified, it not only absorbed China's advanced production technology, but also began to absorb China's political system. Especially in the process of promoting the reform of ancient dynasties (554-628), the reformists headed by Shoto Kutaishi (574-662) carefully studied China's classics and absorbed all kinds of advanced ideas and cultures introduced from China and North Korea, especially the Seventeenth Constitution formulated by Shoto Kutaishi. In the reform of Dahua (646), Emperor Kotoku (587-654) imitated the official system of the Tang Dynasty and carried out a comprehensive political system reform, thus pushing Japanese society to a centralized feudal country with a complete legal system. The 7th century to the middle of19th century was the historical period of Japanese feudal society. Houfei (593-7 10), Nara (7 10-794), Ping 'an (794- 1 192), Kamakura (11)

Japanese culture in the early feudal society (flying birds, Nara, Heian period), during which Japan actively established close relations with the Sui and Tang Dynasties and actively absorbed the culture of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, especially the Tang Dynasty, which effectively promoted the development of Japanese culture.

The culture in the middle period of Japanese feudal society (Kamakura era and Muromachi era) was characterized by samurai culture. Samurai emerged as a new class after the middle of the 9th century. Samurai literature with the theme of samurai's military life, the popularity of Zen, which is consistent with samurai's mood, and the emergence of various theoretical works are all new features in Japanese cultural history during this period.

The culture in the later period of Japanese feudal society (Anshi Taoshan and Edo era), that is, the culture in Edo era (also known as Tokugawa era). This is the period of maturity and collapse of Japanese feudal society. At this time, Japanese culture was extremely prosperous. The main trends of Edo culture are as follows: First, Confucianism gained an exclusive position in China, especially Zhuzi Studies, and became an official ideology, which promoted the development of Japanese spiritual culture. The second is the creation and prosperity of Japan's unique ideology and culture. Third, the acceptance and study of western culture.